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Kinematics

* Distance traveled = 235Km * Time taken = 3.25hr * To find average speed: Average Speed = Total Distance / Total Time = 235Km / 3.25hr = 72.3Km/hr Therefore, the car's average speed must be 72.3Km/hr to travel 235Km in 3.25hr.

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Erika Frieda Sofie Keller
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198 views32 pages

Kinematics

* Distance traveled = 235Km * Time taken = 3.25hr * To find average speed: Average Speed = Total Distance / Total Time = 235Km / 3.25hr = 72.3Km/hr Therefore, the car's average speed must be 72.3Km/hr to travel 235Km in 3.25hr.

Uploaded by

Erika Frieda Sofie Keller
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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How would you

know if someone
moved?
KINEMATICS

• It deals with the description of the motion


of objects without considering what cause
the motion.

• It describes motion in terms of


displacement, velocity, and acceleration.
Distance
vs.
Displacement
Distance Displacement

• Refers to the straight-


• Refers to the total line distance between
length of path taken by an object's initial ad
an object in moving final positions, with
from its initial to final direction toward the
position. final position.

∆x = x - x0
Speed
vs.
Velocity
Speed Velocity

• Refers to the distance


travelled by a body in a
given time. • Refers to the rate at
which an object
 Instantaneous Speed changes its position.
 Average Speed x  xo  x
 Constant Speed v  
t  to  t
Speed

Instantaneous Speed - the speed at any given


instant in time.
Average Speed - the average of all
instantaneous speeds; found simply by a
distance/time ratio.
Constant Speed - When the speed of an object
remains the same - it does not increase or
decrease.
Velocity

Instantaneous velocity - the velocity at a


specific instant of time.
Average velocity - displacement divided by the
total time elapsed.
Relative velocity - the velocity of a moving
body viewed at two different frames of reference
may not be equal.
Acceleration

• The change in velocity per unit time.

v v  v initial
a  
final

t t final  t initial
• The SI unit for acceleration is m 2
s
Acceleration

Average Acceleration
v v final  vinitial
a 
t t final  tinitial
Acceleration

Velocity-Time Graph. Available from: https://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/1DKin/Lesson-4/Meaning-of-Shape-for-a-v-t-Graph


Acceleration

Uniformly Accelerated Motion

Velocity-Time Graph. Available from: https://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/1DKin/Lesson-4/Meaning-of-Shape-for-a-v-t-Graph


Acceleration

Uniformly Accelerated Motion

• The velocity changes by equal


amount in equal intervals.
Velocity-Time Graph. Available from: https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/203629/position-from-a-velocity-time-graph
Velocity-Time Graph. Available from: https://www.pathwayz.org/Tree/Plain/VELOCITY-TIME+GRAPHS
Velocity-Time Graph. Available from: https://www.ck12.org/book/CK-12-Physical-Science-Concepts-For-Middle-School/section/9.9/
Uniformly Accelerated Motion
v  v0
v  Equation 1
2

v  v0  at Equation 2

1 2
x  x0  v0t  at Equation 3
2

v  v0  2a( x  x0 )
2 2
Equation 4
Average velocity
(Constant Acceleration)

v  v0
v
2
Final velocity
(Constant Acceleration)

v  v0  at
• Show the derivation of this equation from
the basic equation of acceleration.
Final position when velocity
is not constant
(a≠0)

1 2
x  x0  v0t  at
2
• Show the derivation of this equation from
the following equations: eq. 1, and eq. 2 and
x from eq. of v
Final velocity when velocity
is not constant
(a≠0)

v  v0  2a( x  x0 )
2 2

• Show the derivation of this equation using


the following: x from eq. of v, eq. 1, and a.
SEATWORK
PROBLEM 1
The roller coaster starts at the top of a
straight track that is inclined 30⁰ with the
horizontal. This causes it to accelerate at a
rate of 4.90m/s2 (1/2g).

a. What is the roller coaster's speed after


3.00s?
b. How far does it travel during that time?
PROBLEM 2

A rolling ball moves from x1to x2 at an


average velocity of 1.3 cm/s. What will be
the time it takes for the ball to reach 5.2
cm if x1 is 3.2cm at the time of 3.0s.
PROBLEM 3

A sports car accelerates from rest to


95km/h in 6.2s. What is its average
acceleration in m/s?
PROBLEM 4

A car undergoes uniformly accelerated


motion and, starting from rest, has a
velocity of 30.0 m/s after traveling 80.0m.
Find its acceleration.
PROBLEM 5
Starting from the church, the procession
has to take the following route: 50m,
north; 40m, east; and 60m, north. To go
back, it has to follow the same route but
in the opposite direction.
a. What is the total distance traveled?
b. What is the total displacement?
SAMPLE PROBLEM

What must be your car’s average speed


in order to travel 235Km in 3.25hr?

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