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3 Phase Motor Construction

A 3-phase induction motor has a stationary stator and a rotating rotor. It is simple to construct and maintain, with no brush gear. The stator contains laminated iron cores holding 3-phase windings spaced 120 degrees apart. Common rotors are either wound or have a squirrel cage design using aluminum or copper bars. Motors are enclosed in frames of various materials and designs for cooling and protection. Windings can be connected in either star or delta configurations.

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Aurelio Jr Tambiga
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93 views21 pages

3 Phase Motor Construction

A 3-phase induction motor has a stationary stator and a rotating rotor. It is simple to construct and maintain, with no brush gear. The stator contains laminated iron cores holding 3-phase windings spaced 120 degrees apart. Common rotors are either wound or have a squirrel cage design using aluminum or copper bars. Motors are enclosed in frames of various materials and designs for cooling and protection. Windings can be connected in either star or delta configurations.

Uploaded by

Aurelio Jr Tambiga
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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3 Phase Induction Motor

Construction
At the end of this section you will be able to:
 Identify the basic components of a 3Ø
induction motor
 List the types of rotors used
 Test motor windings for suitability to connect
to the supply
 Connect in both star and delta
 List the steps for dismantling it
3Ø Induction Motors
Why are they so common in industry?
 Simple in construction
 Only one moving part
 Don’t have brush gear and commutators
 Now with VSD technology, Variable speed
 Speed of machine fixed to supply frequency
Construction

Fixed Stator
Rotor (The bit that Rotates)
(stationary)
Construction
Iron
Frame can be made from cast
Steel
Aluminium

End caps/shields bolted to each end of frame


Drip Proof
Designed for air flow into motor
Not waterproof
Not suitable for flame proof atmospheres
Totally Enclosed
 No airflow between motor inside and outside atmosphere
 Waterproof
 Easier to adapt to for flame proof atmospheres
Open
Designed for air flow into motor
Not waterproof
Very rare due to OH&S considerations
Core Laminations
 Carries the stator windings
 Made of silicone steel 0.3 to 0.5mm thick
 Insulated from one another to reduce eddy current
loss
Stator windings
 3 identical phase windings that are displaced by 120°
electrical around the stator
 Each winding consists of series, parallel connected
coils to achieve the number of poles required.
 2, 4, 6, & 8 poles per phase are common
 Windings are generally connected in delta but can be
connected in star
Rotors
Wound rotor Two Main Types
(not common)
Squirrel cage
(most common)
Squirrel Cage Rotor
Squirrel Cage Rotor
Rotor bars (slightly skewed)

Can be Cast

• Aluminium
• Copper End ring
• Copper alloy

Copper/Copper alloy bars inserted into the


laminations and welded/brazed to shorting ring
Wound Rotor
Slip ring
 Same number of poles as stator.
 One end of coil is connected to a star point
 Other end is terminated on a slip ring
 Resistance is added to change the mechanical and
electrical characteristics of motor.
Motor Terminals
Motor Terminals
Motor Terminals

U1 V1 W1

V2 W2 U2
Motor Terminals

U1 V1 W1

V2 W2 U2
Motor Terminals

U1 V1 W1

To Make
Star
V2 W2 U2

Connection
Motor Terminals

U1 V1 W1

To Make
Delta
V2 W2 U2

Connection
Electrical Testing
 Each winding should have the same
resistance
 ie 1-10
 Voltage between windings =400V
 Insulation test level =1000V
 IR reading no less than 1M

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