Scribd
Upload
49 views21 pages

Embedded Systems

This document describes a home automation system that controls external loads using a PC and microcontroller. The system includes a power supply, microcontroller, MAX232 level shifter, relay driver, and software to send commands from the PC to control relays and loads.

Uploaded by

Sathish Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
49 views21 pages

Embedded Systems

This document describes a home automation system that controls external loads using a PC and microcontroller. The system includes a power supply, microcontroller, MAX232 level shifter, relay driver, and software to send commands from the PC to control relays and loads.

Uploaded by

Sathish Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 21

PC MANAGED, HOME

AUTOMATION SYSTEM
USING EMBEDDED
TECHNOLOGY
Submitted by:
K. SATHISHKUMAR
B. TECH IT
II-YEAR
CONTENTS:
● Project overview
● Block diagram
● Power supply
● Microcontroller
● MAX232 & DB9 Connector
● Relay
● Relay driver
● Software requirements
● Schematic & Working of the project
● Advantages
● Applications
● Future scope
● Conclusion
PROJECT OVERVIEW
● This project constitutes external load for home
applications controlled with the help of PC.
● An Embedded project is a combination of hardware
and software, designed to perform a specific task.
● In embedded technology, the embedded programming
is burnt into the microcontroller.
● PC is connected to microcontroller through a level
shifter IC, ULN2003 (Driver) is used to drive the relays,
and from relays we can connect external devices.
● MAX-232 is used as voltage level shifter because PC
voltage levels and microcontroller voltage levels are
different. DB9 (RS-232) connector is used to connect
to PC com port.
● It can also manage a new economical solution of
theater light control systems.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
POWER SUPPLY
Step down transformer Bridge rectifier Filter Regulator
CONTD..
● The 230V AC supply is first stepped down to 12V AC using a step down transformer.
● This is then converted to DC using bridge rectifier.
● The AC ripples is filtered out by using a capacitor and given to the input pin of voltage
regulator 7805.
● At output pin of this regulator we get a constant 5V DC which is used for MC and other ICs in
this project.
MICROCONTROLLER
● It is a smaller computer
● Has on-chip RAM, ROM, I/O ports...

CPU RAM ROM


A single chip
Serial
I/O Timer COM Microcontroller
Port
Port
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF MC
⦿ External interrupts
⦿ On- ⦿ Timer/Count
chip er
⦿ Interr ROM ⦿ On- ⦿ Timer ⦿ Coun
upt for chip 1 ter
Contr progra RA ⦿ Timer Input
ol m code M 0 s

⦿ CPU

⦿ Bus ⦿ Se
⦿ 4 I/O ria
⦿ OSC Contr Ports
ol l
Po
rt
⦿ P0 P1 P2 ⦿ TxD
P3 RxD
⦿ Address/Dat
FEATURES OF MC
● 8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Memory
● 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range
● Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz
● 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM
● 32 Programmable I/O Lines
● Three 16-bit Timer/Counters
● Eight Interrupt Sources
● Full Duplex UART Serial Channel
PIN DESCRIPTION
POWER ON RESET CIRCUIT
+5V

+
10 uF
31
EA/VPP
X1
30 pF 19
11.0592 MHz
8.2 K
X2
18
30 pF
9 RST
MAX-232
● The MAX232 is an integrated
circuit that converts signals from an
RS-232serial port to signals
suitable for use in TTL compatible
digital logic circuits.
● The MAX232 is a dual
driver/receiver and typically
converts the RX, TX, CTS and RTS
signals .
● When a MAX232 IC receives a TTL
level to convert, it changes a TTL
Logic 0 to between +3 and +15V,
and changes TTL Logic 1 to
between -3 to -15V, and vice versa
for converting from RS232 to TTL.
DB9 CONNECTOR
● The DB9 (originally DE-9) connector is an analog 9-pin plug of the D-Sub miniature connector
family.
RELAY
● A relay is an electrically operated switch.
● Current flowing through the coil of the relay creates a magnetic field which attracts a lever
and changes the switch contacts.
● The coil current can be on or off so relays have two switch positions and have double throw
(changeover) switch contacts as shown in the diagram.
CONTD..
● Relays allow one circuit to switch a second circuit which can be completely separate from the
first.
● For example a low voltage battery circuit can use a relay to switch a 230V AC mains circuit.
● There is no electrical connection inside the relay between the two circuits, the link is magnetic
and mechanical.
● To drive relay through MC ULN2003 relay driver IC is used
RELAY DRIVER ULN2003
● ULN is Relay driver application
● The ULN2003 is a monolithic high voltage and high current Darlington transistor arrays.
● It consists of seven NPN Darlington pairs that features high-voltage outputs with common-
cathode clamp diode for switching inductive loads.
● The collector-current rating of a single Darlington pair is 500mA.
● The Darlington pairs may be paralleled for higher current capability.
CONTD..
● The ULN functions as an inverter.
● If the logic at input 1B is high then the
output at its corresponding pin 1C will be
low.
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
● Keil an ARM Company makes C compilers, macro
assemblers, real-time kernels, debuggers, simulators,
integrated environments, evaluation boards, and
emulators for ARM7/ARM9/Cortex-M3,
XC16x/C16x/ST10, 251, and 8051 MCU families.
● Compilers are programs used to convert a High Level
Language to object code. Desktop compilers produce an
output object code for the underlying microprocessor,
but not for other microprocessors.
CONTD..
● i.e the programs written in one of the HLL like ‘C’ will compile
the code to run on the system for a particular processor like x86
(underlying microprocessor in the computer).
● For example compilers for Dos platform is different from the
Compilers for Unix platform  So if one wants to define a
compiler then compiler is a program that translates source code
into object code.
WORKING OF PROJECT
● The project uses a PC to control the loads.
● The commands are received by the micro controller through level shifted IC Max232.
● When the program is executed, it drives relay from the microcontroller through relay driver IC
ULN2003.
● Load’s are switched ON and switched OFF based on the corresponding command sent from the
keyboard through hyperterminal.
● As per the program, the loads will be turned ON and OFF through the relays.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy