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Computer File Concept: Basics For Managing Your Files

A file is a piece of information stored on a computer that can be anything from a basic document to a complex video, and files are organized into a hierarchy of folders and subfolders on storage devices like hard disks; managing files effectively involves understanding file names, extensions, attributes, permissions, and backing up important files to protect against data loss from computer problems or disasters.

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60 views22 pages

Computer File Concept: Basics For Managing Your Files

A file is a piece of information stored on a computer that can be anything from a basic document to a complex video, and files are organized into a hierarchy of folders and subfolders on storage devices like hard disks; managing files effectively involves understanding file names, extensions, attributes, permissions, and backing up important files to protect against data loss from computer problems or disasters.

Uploaded by

uzaifa
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer File Concept

Basics for Managing Your Files


Basics

What is a file?

 A file is a piece of information which is stored


on a computer. 
 A file can be something as basic as a Microsoft
Word Document to something as complex as a
video. 
 Files are often accessed from within another
program and are defined by a specific file
extension. 
Storing files

 In physical terms, most computer files are


stored on some type of data storage device.
For example, there is a hard disk, from which
most operating systems run and on which most
store their files. Hard disks are the most
ubiquitous form of non-volatile storage.
 Flash memory (USB), Compact Disk (CD).
Folders and Directories
 Any location where you can store files on a computer is
called a directory

 The main directory of a disk is sometimes called the root


directory, or the top-level directory

 You can divide a directory into subdirectories, also called


folders

 A folder within a folder is called a subfolder. The folder


that contains another folder is called the parent folder

 Windows XP arranges all of these objects in a hierarchy


Partial Hierarchy
of Windows XP Objects
Basics

What is file hierarchy?


 When organizing the contents of ones
computer, it is essential to understand how
files and folders are connected. 
 A well organized computer will consist of many
folders and subfolder which are located in a
logical sequence. 
 The order, or rank, in which folders and file are
linked is often referred to as file hierarchy.
Basics

File Name
 A file name is made up of two parts: 
(1) the name of the document and (2) the file
extension. 
 You may name a file anything you wish, but
you should probably name a file something you
are likely to remember later.
 Use only letters and numbers in your file
names -- Special characters like "-", "/", "&",
must be avoided in the file name.
Basics

File Name
 The second part of a file name is the
extension. 
 In the file text.doc, the word text is the file
name and the .doc is the extension. 
 The extension identifies what kind of a
document you have. 
Basics

File Extensions
 Some examples of file extensions are:
 .txt : plain text

 .doc : Microsoft Word Document

 .htm or .html : Web document 

 .gif , .jpg , .bmp : image

 .ppt : PowerPoint Presentation

 .exe : Executable
Basics

Turn On File Extensions


 Open Windows Explorer
 From the main menu bar, click on Tools >
Folder Options
 Click on the View tab
 Scroll down until your see the option
“Hide extensions for known file types”
 Make sure this option is UNCHECKED!
Basics

Make sure “Hide


extensions for
known file types” is
UNCHECKED!
File attribute

 A file attribute is metadata that describes or


is associated with a computer file. For example,
an operating system often keeps track of the
date a file was created and last modified, as
well as the file's size and extension (and what
application to open it with).
Protecting files

 Computers that allow for multiple users


implement file permissions to control who may
or may not modify, delete, or create files and
folders.
Backing up files

 When computer files contain information that is


extremely important, a back-up process is used
to protect against disasters that might destroy
the files. Backing up files simply means making
copies of the files in a separate location so that
they can be restored if something happens to
the computer, or if they are deleted
accidentally.
Recycle Bin

You cannot restore:


 Items deleted from network locations.
 Items deleted from removable media (such as
3.5-inch disks or flash drives).
 Items that are larger than the storage capacity
of the Recycle Bin.
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