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On Line Balancing

Line balancing is a process that assigns tasks evenly across workstations to minimize idle time. There are three machines (A, B, C) that can process 5, 10, and 15 pieces per unit time, respectively. Since machine A has the lowest capacity of 5 pieces, machine B will be idle 50% of the time and machine C 66.66% of the time. The objectives of line balancing are to evenly distribute workloads, identify bottlenecks, determine cycle times and workstation needs to reduce costs. Common methods include ranking tasks by time and assigning to stations while meeting precedence requirements.

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Dhanush Guduru
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126 views21 pages

On Line Balancing

Line balancing is a process that assigns tasks evenly across workstations to minimize idle time. There are three machines (A, B, C) that can process 5, 10, and 15 pieces per unit time, respectively. Since machine A has the lowest capacity of 5 pieces, machine B will be idle 50% of the time and machine C 66.66% of the time. The objectives of line balancing are to evenly distribute workloads, identify bottlenecks, determine cycle times and workstation needs to reduce costs. Common methods include ranking tasks by time and assigning to stations while meeting precedence requirements.

Uploaded by

Dhanush Guduru
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ppt on line balancing

harshitha
Line balancing
◦ Line Balancing is the process of assigning tasks to
workstations in such a way that the workstations have
approximately equal time requirements.
◦ There are three machines (work stations) A, B and C,
which can process 5, 10 and 15 pieces per unit time
respectively and the pieces flow from A to B to C.
Since A has minimum capacity, i.e., of processing only
5 pieces per unit time naturally, work station (or
machine) B will remain idle for 50% of its time and
machine C for 66.66% of its time.
◦ The main objective of line balancing is to distribute
tasks evenly over the work stations so that idle time
of men and machines is minimized.
Layout of assembly
Objectives of line balancing
 To equalize the work load among the operators
 To identify the bottleneck operation
 To establish the speed of the production line
 To determine the number of workstations
 To determine the labour cost of production and pack out
 To establish the percentage workload of each operator
 To assist in plant layout
 To reduce production cost
Methods of line balancing
 There are many ways or methods for balancing the
lines. The common thing for all this methods is: using
both the operator and the machine in the most efficient
way, at the same time providing flexibility in production.
3 methods
 Ranking positional method or heuristic method
 Kilbride wester method
 Largest candidate rule method
CONCEPTS
 Bottleneck: The work station taking the longest
time.
 Required Cycle Time:
 Current Cycle Time: The same as Bottleneck
Time.
 Flow Time (Total Work Content): Time to complete
all stations.
concepts
 Precedence diagram: Network showing order of
tasks and restrictions on their performance

 Total work content: Sum of the task times for all


the production tasks for the product.
 Minimum number of work stations=
Methods of Line Balancing:
The heuristic method involves drawing a
precedence diagram in a particular way which
indicates the flexibility available for transferring tasks
laterally from one column to another to arrive at the
most promising balance. 
Problems on RPW
 Example: Work Elements (Small electrical appliance)
No. Element Description Te(min.) Precedence
1 Place frame on work holder and clamp 0.2 ---
2 Assemble plug, grommet to power cord 0.4 -
3 Assemble brackets to frame 0.7 1
4 Wire power cord to motor 0.1 1,2
5 Wire power cord to switch 0.3 2
6 Assemble mechanism plate to bracket 0.11 3
7 Assemble blade to bracket 0.32 3
8 Assemble motor to bracket 0.6 3,4
9 Align blade and attach to motor 0.27 6,7,8
10 Assemble switch to motor bracket 0.38 5,8
11 Attach cover, inspect, and test 0.5 9,10
12 Place in tote pan for packing 0.12 11


PRECEDENCE DIAGRAM
1. Largest-Candidate Rule (LCR)
 Procedure:
Step 1. List all elements in descending order of Te
value, largest Te at the top of the list.
Step 2. To assign elements to the first workstation,
start at the top of the list and work done, selecting
the first feasible element for placement at the
station. A feasible element is one that satisfies the
precedence requirements and does not cause the
sum of the Te value at station to exceed the cycle
time Tc.
Ranked Positional Weight Method
Example

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