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Management Functions: Planning Organizing Leading Controlling

The document discusses the key aspects of management planning including: 1) Planning is the process of making plans to achieve organizational goals and involves determining what to do, how to do it, when to do it, and who will do it. 2) Organizational planning occurs at multiple levels from strategic long-term plans set by top management to operational short-term plans set by front-line managers. 3) The planning process is built upon a framework that includes establishing a vision, mission, objectives and various plans to guide the organization.

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Grace K. Musinguzi
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73 views24 pages

Management Functions: Planning Organizing Leading Controlling

The document discusses the key aspects of management planning including: 1) Planning is the process of making plans to achieve organizational goals and involves determining what to do, how to do it, when to do it, and who will do it. 2) Organizational planning occurs at multiple levels from strategic long-term plans set by top management to operational short-term plans set by front-line managers. 3) The planning process is built upon a framework that includes establishing a vision, mission, objectives and various plans to guide the organization.

Uploaded by

Grace K. Musinguzi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS

Planning
Organizing
Leading
Controlling
Meaning of Planning
Process of Making Plans
Forms a Framework used to achieve organizational
goals.
Reflected by answers to the following:
What to do?
How to do it?
When to do it?
Who is to do it?
Rationale for Planning
Scarce Resources
Uncertain Environment
Fierce competition for resources
Reduction of risk of uncertainty
Co-ordinated effort within the organisation
Characteristics of Planning
Anticipatory in nature
A system of decisions
Focused on desired future results
Benefits of planning
Essential because of complexity of modern business
 Puts focus on objectives
Anticipates problems and uncertainty
Facilitates Control
Helps the process of decision making
Planning Process
Built on a framework of Vision, Mission, Objectives
and Plans

VISIO MISSIO OBJECTIV PLAN


N N ES S
Vision
A Vision is a general directional and
motivational guidance for the entire
organisation.
"Vision should describe a set of ideals and
priorities, that will help define organizational
success."
Vision statement- A statement of the kind of
organization that top management is trying to create
VISION
  

VISION
 
 
A B
C
A Vision is like the a “North Star”. If somebody is at point
C and has to take a decion then he would follow the
direction of B rather than A.
EXAMPLES OF VISION
Steven Jobs vision for Apple Computer was "to
democratise a computer ".
Microsoft has a vision of “ A computer in every
home”
A Body Shop with a vision of “ An ethically and
environmentally sound cosmetics empire”
BA with a vision of being “ The world’s favourite
Airline”
Mission
The very reason why the organization exists,
Adds specificity to the Vision
Mission-is a fundamental unique aim or purpose that
sets an organization apart from others of its kind
Characteristics of a mission
 Should bring out the major competitive scopes
(industry, market segment scope, geographical scope)
 It should be motivating
Mission statement
A statement that outlines the Mission of an
organisation.
Contents of a Mission statement:
Company product or Service
Market
Technology
Company objectives
Company philosophy
Company Public image
Significance of a Mission
Helps organisation from pursuing conflicting
purposes
Acts as a general rationale for allocating resources
Broad guideline for jobs that should exist in the
organisation
Basis for development of organisations objectives
Goals and Objectives
Goals are intentions behind decisions or actions –
state of mind that drives individual or collectives of
individuals (Organisations).
An Objective is an operational goal by which
attainment can be measured.
Example
 Mission: Deliver a quality service
 Goal: Enhance manufacturing quality
 Objective: Over the next twelve months reduce the
number of defects to 1 part per 100,000.
Characteristics of Objectives
Should meet the SMART criteria.
Specific
Measurable
Attainable
Result-oriented (Relevant)
Time-bounded
Non-operational goals are called Aims, eg To seek the
truth.
Importance of objectives
Guide decision-making
Increasing
organisational efficiency
Performance appraisal
Hierarchy of objectives
Specified at Four Levels
Corporate Objectives
Business Unit Objectives
Functional Objectives
Operational Objectives
Types of Plans
Strategic plans
Tactical Plans
Operational Plans
Strategic Plans
Developed by Top Management
Guide the general direction of the organisation
They address
Sources of Finance
Allocation of Resources
Structure of the Organisation
Long Term – 5 years and more
Tactical Plans
Developed by Middle-Level Managers
Focus on specific resources and time limits
Medium range 1- 5 years.
Operational Plans
Developed by first-level managers
 They are derivatives of tactical plans
Short term – up to one year
Designed to guide day- to day activities
Have two categories:
Single use plans
Standing plans
Single use plans
Programs
Large set of Organisational Activities
Projects
Separate portions of a program
Specific directives concerning assignments and time
Budgets
Formal quantitative statements of allocation of
resources
For control of organisational activities
Standing Plans
Policy
General guideline for decision making
Set limits of acceptable behaviour
Facilitates consistent thinking among organisational
members
Procedures
Detailed guidelines for handling organisational
activities that occur regularly
Standing Plans (Cont’d)
Rules
Statements of specific actions to be taken in a given
situation
Operational Plans Schematic
Operational
Plans

Standing Single-Use
Plans Plans

Policie Rule Proced Progra Projects Budget


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