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The document discusses motor protection. It notes that motors make up 90% of loads in power systems and draw large starting currents. Common motor faults include stator faults, rotor faults, overloads, under voltages, and loss of synchronization. Protection can be provided through overcurrent devices for phase and earth faults. Fuses or overcurrent relays can be used depending on motor size and voltage. Methods are described for detecting high impedance ground faults and protecting against unbalanced supply voltages. Data needed for designing motor protection schemes is listed.

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42 views8 pages

Click Icon To Add P Icture

The document discusses motor protection. It notes that motors make up 90% of loads in power systems and draw large starting currents. Common motor faults include stator faults, rotor faults, overloads, under voltages, and loss of synchronization. Protection can be provided through overcurrent devices for phase and earth faults. Fuses or overcurrent relays can be used depending on motor size and voltage. Methods are described for detecting high impedance ground faults and protecting against unbalanced supply voltages. Data needed for designing motor protection schemes is listed.

Uploaded by

KG
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Motor protection
Motor Protection
 The motor acts as the important loads in the power
system as they compose mostly 90% of the loads.
 An induction motor draws a very large starting
current, of the order of 6 to 8 times the full-load
current if started direct-on-line. The amplitude of the
starting current may be comparable to fault current.
 The faults that occur mostly in the motors are:
(a) Stator Faults
(b) Rotor Faults
(c) Overloads
(d) Under voltage
(e) Loss of synchronism
and etc.
Stator Protection
The faults that occur in the stator can be either between
phases or to the earth.
The protection of the motors against these faults can be
done by the help of overcurrent trip device (Phase fault
protections and Earth fault protection)

Figure Induction motor-protection relay


Phase Faults Inside the Motor
Protection against phase faults as well as ground faults
can be provided using either fuses or over-current relays
depending upon the voltage rating and size of the motor.
The fusing current should be greater than the starting
current of the motor.

Figure, HRC fuses for protection of induction motor.


Ground Faults Inside the Motor
Figure below shows an arrangement for detecting high
impedance ground faults. The three phase line conductors
carrying current to the motor form the primary of a
transformer. The secondary consists of a pick-up coil
wound on the core.

Figure Earth/ground fault protection for induction motor


Unbalanced Supply Voltage
Large induction motors are very sensitive to unbalances in
supply voltage. The negative sequence component, which
comes into picture because of the unbalance in the
supply, is particularly troublesome. This is because the
motor offers very small impedance to the negative
sequence currents. Negative sequence voltage relay for
protection against unbalance in supply voltage is required
for the protection of motor (see fig below).
Data Required for Designing Motor Prokd*on
Schemes
The following data is required for designing the various
motor protection schemes:
 HP rating
 Supply voltage
 Full-load current
 Permissible continuous allowable temperature rise
 Locked rotor current
 Permissible maximum time with locked rotor
 Accelerating time
 Starting voltage

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