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Cephalosphorins 3rd Gen 4rt Gen

Cefdinir is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, usually resulting in bactericidal effects. It is active against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. When administering cefdinir, nurses should check for allergies to penicillins or cephalosporins and monitor patients for signs of superinfection. Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported with cefdinir use.

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68 views24 pages

Cephalosphorins 3rd Gen 4rt Gen

Cefdinir is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, usually resulting in bactericidal effects. It is active against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. When administering cefdinir, nurses should check for allergies to penicillins or cephalosporins and monitor patients for signs of superinfection. Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported with cefdinir use.

Uploaded by

shaitabligan
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Cefdinir

Pregnancy category B
ACTION
• 3rd-generation cephalosporin that inhibits cell
wall synthesis, promoting osmotic instability;
usually bactericidal. Some microorganisms
resistant to penicillin and cephalosporin are
susceptible to cefdinir. Active against a broad
range of gram positive and gram negative aerobic
microorganism.
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

• Before administration ask the patient if allergic to


penicillin or cephalosporin.
• Prolonged drug treatment may result emergence and
overgrowth of resistant organism. Monitor patient for signs
and symptoms of superinfections.
• Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported with cefdinir
and should be considered in patients with diarrhea after
antibiotic therapy and in those with history of colitis.
Cefditoren
Pregnancy risk category B
ACTION
• Adheres to bacterial penicillin-
binding proteins, inhibiting cell-wall
synthesis. Active against many gram
positive and gram negative.
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

• Before administration ask the patient if allergic to penicillin or


cephalosporin.
• Obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity tests before giving first
dose. Therapy may begin while awaiting results.
• Give drug with a fatty meal to increase its bioavailability.
• If patients develops diarrhea after receiving cefditoren, keep in mind
that this drug may cause pseudomembranous colitis.
• Don’t use his drug if patient needs prolonged treatment.
• Monitor patient for overgrowth of resistant of microorganism.
Cefoperazone sodium
cefobid
Pregnancy risk category B
ACTION
• 3rd generation cephalosporin that
inhibit cell wall synthesis, promoting
osmotic instability; usually bactericidal.
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

• Before administration ask the patient if allergic to penicillin or


cephalosporin.
• Periodically monitor liver and renal function and compare to
baseline.
• Obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity tests before giving
first dose. Therapy may begin while awaiting results.
• Give doses 4 g/day cautiously o patients with hepatic disease or
biliary obstruction. Higher dosages require monitoring of drug
level.
Cefotaxime
Pregnancy risk category B
ACTION
• 3rd generation cephalosporin that
inhibit cell wall synthesis, promoting
osmotic instability; usually
bactericidal.
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

• Before administration ask the patient if allergic to


penicillin or cephalosporin.
• Obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity tests before
giving first dose. Therapy may begin while awaiting results.
• For IM administration, inject deep into a large muscle, such
as gluteus maximus or the lateral aspect of the thigh.
• If large doses are given, therapy is prolonged or patient is at
high risk, monior patient with superinfection.
Cefodoxime proxetil
Pregnancy risk category B
ACTION
 

• 3rd generation cephalosporin hat inhibit


cell wall synthesis, promoting osmotic
instability; usually bactericidal.
Cefixime
Pregnancy risk category B
ACTION

• 3rd generation cephalosporin, binds


to the bacterial cell wall membrane,
causing cell death.
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

• Before administration ask the patient if allergic to penicillin or


cephalosporin.
• Obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity tests before giving first
dose. Therapy may begin while awaiting results.
• Observe patients for signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis (rash,
pruritus, laryngeal edema, wheezing). Discontinue the drug and
notify the physician.
FOURTH GENERATION
cefepime
• Binds to the bacterial cell wall
membrane, causing cell death.
ACTION

fourth generation cephalosporin, binds to


the bacterial cell wall membrane, causing
cell death.
INDICATION

• Uncomplicated skin and skins structure


infections, Bone and joint infections,
Uncomplicated and complicated urinary tract
infections, respiratory tract infections,
Complicated intra abdominal infections.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
• Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins;
serious hypersensitivity to
penicillins.
NURSING CONSIDERATION

• Before administration ask the patient if allergic to penicillin


or cephalosporin.
• Obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity tests before
giving first dose. Therapy may begin while awaiting results
• Drug may reduce PT activity. Patients at risk include those
with renal or hepatic impairment or poor nutrition and those
receiving prolonged cefipime therapy.
Thank you!!!

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