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Ch1 Intro IR

The document outlines a 13-week course on international relations, including topics such as theories of IR, actors in IR, international security, foreign policy, and more. Students will read two required texts and be evaluated based on a midterm, assignments, and final exam. The course aims to help students understand how the international system and relations between states operate.

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Mohamad Faris
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21 views29 pages

Ch1 Intro IR

The document outlines a 13-week course on international relations, including topics such as theories of IR, actors in IR, international security, foreign policy, and more. Students will read two required texts and be evaluated based on a midterm, assignments, and final exam. The course aims to help students understand how the international system and relations between states operate.

Uploaded by

Mohamad Faris
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ahmad Shah Pakeer Mohamed

 13 subtopics – 13 weeks.
 2 hours lectures & 1 hours tutorial
 Required texts:
Goldstein,Joshua S. & J.C Pevehouse. 2011.
International Relations. New York: Pearson
Longman.

Jackson, Robert & George Sorenson. 2003.


International Relations: Theories and
Approaches. New York: Oxford
W1: Introduction

W2: Development of IR

W3: Theories of IR

W4: Actors of IR

W5: International Security

W6: Foreign Policy

W7: Malaysian Foreign Policy


W8: International conflicts

W9: International Organizations

W10: International Law & Diplomacy

W11: International Political Economy

W12: International and Regional Integration

W13: Issue In IR
 Evaluation

Mid-term : 10%
Assignment : 20% (P: 15%) & (A:15%)
Final : 60%
 IR is a study of the state system.

 However, in current development, IR has shifts


to a study of global politics inclusive of other
actors such as IO, NGOs, MNCs and INGOs.

 The state system is a system of social relations,


that is, system relation (political) between
groups of human beings.

 There are certain advantages and disadvantages


for the participants (i.e weak & strong).
 To discover the fact that the entire population
of the world’s living in independent states
interdependently.

 To learn how international relations operate


and affect governments, business enterprise
and people in general.

 To identify how international relations affect


the international community.
 To distinguish & evaluate the role of the
various actors in international relations

 To analyze Malaysia foreign policy & it’s role


in past, current & future in international
affairs.
 Government

 Tangible – territory

 Population – People

 SOVERINGNITY
Traditional view:

1. Stateare valuable institutions: they provide


security, freedom, order, justice & welfare.
2. People benefit from the state system
3. Core institutions of IR.
 Alternative view:

1. State & state system create more problems


than they solve.

2. The majority of the world’s people suffer


more than they benefit from the state system.

3. It is a setup for the elite, rich and majority.


There are marginalization against the poor,
women & minorities.
 State system is a historical institution, state-
centric approach. It remain as a central
institution of world politics.
 State and state system upholds 5
fundamental human values –
1. Security: power politics, conflict & war
2. Freedom: cooperation, peace & progress
3. Order & justice: interests, rules &
institutions
4. Welfare : wealth, poverty & equality
 National security: when there are aggressive
states.

 Some states enter alliances with other states


to increase their national security.

 Security approach is one of the fundamental


values of IR (Realist theories).
 State is expected to uphold freedom, personal &
national (independence).
 Citizens cannot be free unless the country is free
(i.e Palestine, Malaya before ‘merdeka’).
 War threatens freedom & peace fosters freedom.
 Peace also leads to progressive development
(Liberalist).
 States should cooperate with each other to
maintain peace & freedom to pursue progressive
change.
 States have common interest in establish & maintain
international order to coexist & interact for stability,
certainty & predictability.

 Expected to uphold international law (treaty, rules,


convention, custom).

 Also expected to follow accepted practices of diplomacy


& support international organizations.

 Example: Human rights framework.

 Approach of International Society theories of IR. State


are socially responsible actors & have common interest
in preserving international order & promoting justice.
 People expect their government to adopt
appropriate policies to encourage high
employment, low inflation, steady investment &
others.
 States need to respond to international
economic environment to enhance or maintain
national standard of living.
 International Political Economy (IPE) approach
 Starts with city-states & empire

Western history:
Greek city-states Roman empire
Medieval Christian World.

Historical empires:
Muslim empire, China & India
 Historical end point of medieval era & starting of
modern international system - Thirty Years War
(1618-1648) & The Peace of Westphalia (1648).
 Several major attempts by different powers to
impose their political hegemony.
•The Habsburg empire (Austria)- 30 Years War
(1618-1648), was blocked by a coalition led by
France & Sweden.

• France made the attempt under King Louis


XIV (1661-1714) & was blocked by an English-
Dutch alliance.

•Napolean (1795-1815) made the attempt &


blocked by Britian, Russia, Prussia & Austria.

•A post-Napolenic balance of power among the


great powers, the Concert of Europe (1815-
1914).
 Germany made the attempt under Hitler (1939-
1945) & blocked by US, Soviet Union & Britian.
 For 350 year the European state system
managed to resist the main political tendency,
the strong to control/conquer the weaker
powers.
 Now, the sole remaining power after Cold War
is US - becoming a global hegemon .
 Western states not be able to dominate each
other – entered competition to penetrate and
control other parts of the world.

 Huge non-European territories fell under the


control of European states.
 1st Tutorial Activity:
 Discussion on World War I, World War II, Cold
War, Balkan War, Gulf War & 9/11 by
highlighting
 (i) the main factors of the outbreak,
 (ii) parties involved,
 (iii) impacts and
 (iv) lesson learn.

 Each group to present a war.


“One thing only I know, and that is I
know nothing”
(Socrates 470-399 B.C)
Intro to IR:
Goldstein & Pevehouse (2011: 1-12)
Jackson & Sorensen (2003: 1-9)

History of IR:
Goldstein & Pevehouse (2011: 26-39)
Jackson & Sorensen (2003: 9-31)

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