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Software Estimation Techniques: Presented by

The document discusses various software estimation techniques including size, cost, and effort estimation. It describes methods for size estimation such as function points and lines of code, as well as techniques like developer estimates, templates, and functional decomposition. It also covers the COCOMO model for effort estimation, which has basic, intermediate, and detailed levels, and explains activity based estimation using metrics from previous projects.

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91 views19 pages

Software Estimation Techniques: Presented by

The document discusses various software estimation techniques including size, cost, and effort estimation. It describes methods for size estimation such as function points and lines of code, as well as techniques like developer estimates, templates, and functional decomposition. It also covers the COCOMO model for effort estimation, which has basic, intermediate, and detailed levels, and explains activity based estimation using metrics from previous projects.

Uploaded by

shashankjain04
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Software Estimation Techniques

Presented by:
Satyawan Malhan
Shashank Jain
Shradha Agrawal
Shoaib Qureshi

1
Software Estimation
Size Estimation

Cost Estimation

Effort Estimation

2
Size Estimation
Based upon known system requirements
Two methods for size estimation:
1.KSLOC
2.Functional Points
By using some constants functional points are
converted into KSLOC.

3
Techniques for Size estimation
Developers opinion

Experts estimation

-Guessing based on experience

4
Techniques for Size estimation

Previous years’ experience

Using the Size Estimating Template: help to


make estimates of how big a new software
project will be or how long it will take to
create the project (seize and time estimation)

5
Techniques for Size estimation
Counting functional blocks
- relies on the fact that most software systems
decompose into roughly the same number of "levels".
After decomposing it into functions and sub-functions
it is multiplied with previous size estimates.

In case of no previous estimates we multiply as:


Functional blocks = 41.6 KSLOC
Sub functional blocks = 4.16 KSLOC

6
Techniques for Size estimation
Functional Point analysis:
-Instead of counting the lines of code that make up a
system, count the number of externals (inputs, outputs,
inquiries and interfaces) that make up the system.

7
Functional Point analysis
1. external inputs - data or control inputs (input files,
tables, forms, screens, messages, etc.) to the system.

2. external outputs - data or control outputs from the


system

3. external inquiries - I/O queries which require a


response (prompts, interrupts, calls, etc.)

8
Functional Point analysis
4. external interfaces - libraries or programs which are
passed into and out of the system (I/O routines,
sorting procedures, math libraries, run-time libraries,
etc.)
5. internal data files - groupings of data stored
internally in the system (entities, internal control
files, directories)

9
Application Size Estimation
UCP = UUCP * TCF * EF
TCF= 0.6+ (0.01* T-FACTOR)
EF= 1.4 + (-0.03* E-FACTOR)
UUCP = Weightage Value

10
Software cost analysis
Cost is the function of
Software development cost
Cost of equipments and supplies

So Cost= Effort * Fixed labor cost

11
Effort Estimation
Holistic model
For new development where relative rates are not
available

Activity based model


When relative rates are available

12
Popular holistic model
SDM (Software Development Model - Putnam - 1978)
 SLIM (Software Lifecycle Management - Putnam -
1979)
 COCOMO (Constructive Cost Model - Boehm -
1981)
 COPMO (Cooperative Programming Model - Conte,

13
COCOMO
COCOMO comes in 3 levels with increased accuracy
in each level:
Basic
Intermediate
Detail

14
Effort Estimation

Holistic
Holistic Model
Model

COCOMO
COCOMO Activity Based Model
SDM SLIM
Basic
Basic Intermediate
Intermediate
COPMO
Detail
Detail

15
Basic COCOMO
Basic COCOMO is provided for three operational
modes: organic, semi-detached, and embedded

Organic: small experienced team in small project


Embedded: large project with many constraints
Semi-detached: somewhere in between

16
Basic COCOMO equations

17
Activity based model:
The activity-based model uses data from the metrics
database to determine the labour rates

For this reason, you can only apply it once the metrics
database is established and there is a baseline from
which to work

18
- THANK
YOU
19

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