Aim: How do we find the area of a region

between two curves?

Do Now:
3
1
Evaluate: 0
2
1  4x 2
dx

Aim: Area Between Two Curves Course: Calculus

 Area of Region Between 2 Curves
3 f(x) 3 g(x)

2 2

1 1
b b

a
f ( x ) dx  a
g ( x ) dx
1 2 3 1 2 3
a b a b

Area of region
2
between f(x) and g(x)

  f ( x )  g( x ) dx
b
1

1 2 3
a b

Aim: Area Between Two Curves Course: Calculus

 Representative Rectangle
x g
3

  f ( x )  g( x ) dx
b
2
a
f
f ( xi )
1

g ( xi )

a xi
1
b
2 3

x  width;  f ( xi )  g ( xi )  height

area of representative rectangle
Ai   height   width    f ( xi )  g( xi ) x
n
Area = lim   f ( xi )  gCourse:
Aim: Area Between
) x
( xi Calculus
nTwo Curves
i 1
 Area of Region Between 2 Curves
If f and g are continuous on [a, b] and
g(x) < f(x) for all x in [a, b], then the area of
the region bounded by the graphs of f and g
and the vertical lines x = a and x = b is
A    f ( x )  g ( x ) dx
b

a
y f
( x , f ( x ))

f ( x )  g( x ) g
a b x
( x , g ( x ))

True regardless of relative position of

x-axis;Aim:
asArea
long asTwof Curves
Between and g are Course:
continuous.
Calculus
 Model Problem
Find the area of the region bounded by the
graphs of y = x2 + 2, y = -x, x = 0, and x = 1.

 f ( x )  g ( x ) dx
b
A 
a
4
f x  = x 2+2

 
1
3
   x 2  2    x   dx
0
2
1
   x 2  x  2  dx
1 0

1
x x  3 2
-2 2
g x  = -x
-1    2x
 3 2 0
Check with 1 1 17
Calculator   2
3 2 6

Aim: Area Between Two Curves Course: Calculus

 Model Problem
Find the area of the region bounded by the
graph of f(x) = 2 – x2 and g(x) = x.

 f ( x )  g ( x ) dx
b

f x  = 2-x 2
2 g x  = x A 
a
1
a and b ?
points of intersection
-2 2

2  x2  x
x  2 or 1
-1

-2
a  2; b  1

 
1 1
A    2  x 2
 x  dx     x 2  x  2  dx
2 2
1
 x x3
 2
9
    2x 
 3 2  2 2
Aim: Area Between Two Curves Course: Calculus
 Model Problem
The sine and cosine curves intersect infinitely
many times, bounding regions of equal areas.
Find the area of one of these regions.
1.5

f x  = sin x 
points of intersection
1
a and b?
0.5
sin x  cos x
-2 2 4
sin x cos x
-0.5 tan x   1
-1
cos x cos x
g x  = cos x   5
-1.5
x  or
4 4
5 4
 sin x  cos x  dx    cos x  sin x   4
5 4
A 
 4

2 2
Aim: Area Between Two Curves Course: Calculus
Aim: How do we find the area of a region
between two curves?
Do Now:
Find the area of the region between the
graphs of f(x) = 1 – x2 and g(x) = 1 – x.
1

0.8 f x  = 1-x 2

0.6

0.4

0.2
g x  = 1-x

0.5 1

-0.2

Aim: Area Between Two Curves Course: Calculus

 Model Problems
Find the area of the region between the
graphs of f(x) = 3x3 – x2 – 10x and
g(x) = -x2 + 2x.
f ( x )  g( x ) g( x )  f ( x )
points of intersection
f x  = 3 x 3-x 2-10 x
3 x 3  x 2  10 x   x 2  2 x
5 3 x 3  12 x  0

3x x  4  0
2

x  0, 2
-2 2

-5

g x  = -x 2+2 x

 f ( x )  g ( x ) dx    g ( x )  f ( x ) dx
0 2
A 
2 0

Aim: Area Between Two Curves Course: Calculus

 Model Problems
Find the area of the region between the
graphs of f(x) = 3x3 – x2 – 10x and
g(x) = -x2 + 2x.
0 2
A    3 x  12 x  dx    3 x 3  12 x  dx
3
2 0

0 2
 3x 4
2  3 x 2
4
  6x     6x 
 4  2  4 0

   12  24    12  24   24

Aim: Area Between Two Curves Course: Calculus

 Horizontal Representative Rectangles (Slices)

vertical horizontal
rectangle rectangle

Problem

x  f ( y) x  f ( y)

If a region is bounded by f(y)No on Problem

the right
integrate
and g(y) on the left at all points of the with
interval [c, d], then the area ofrespect to y is
the region
given by
A    f ( y )  g( y ) dy
y2

y1

Aim: Area Between Two Curves Course: Calculus

 Horizontal Representative Rectangles
If the graph of a function of y is a boundary of a
region, it is often convenient to use representative
rectangles that are horizontal and find the area
by integrating with respect to y.
Vertical rectangles
x2
 
A   top curve    bottom curve   dx
x1
             
 in variable x 
Horizontal rectangles

y2
 
A   right curve    left curve   dy
y1             
 in variable y 

Aim: Area Between Two Curves Course: Calculus

 Model Problem
Find the area of the region between the
curve x = y2 and the curve x = y + 6 from
y = 0 to y = 3.
left boundary: for entire region:
right boundary:
4

x=y 2
2
2
g  y = y x=y+6

 f ( y )  g ( y ) dy
y2
A 
5 10 y1
h  y = y+6 3
-2
A    y  6   y 2  dy
0
3
y 2
y 
3
  6y   
 2 3 0
27

2
Aim: Area Between Two Curves Course: Calculus
 Representative Rectangle
Horizontal rectangles

y2
 
A    right curve    left curve   dy
y1             
 in variable y 

Find the area of the region bounded by the

graphs of x = 3 – y2 and x = y + 1.
f y  = 3-y 2 points of intersection
2

f(y) is to
1 (2, 1)
the right of
2 4 g(y)
Δy
-1

(-1, -2)
-2

g y  = y+1

area of representative rectangle


A   f ( y )  g( x ) y   3  y 2   y  1  y
Aim: Area Between Two Curves

Course: Calculus
 Representative Rectangle
Find the area of the region bounded by the
graphs of x = 3 – y2 and x = y + 1.
f y  = 3-y 2 points of intersection
2

f(y) is to
1 (2, 1)
the right of
2 4 g(y)
Δy
 f ( y )  g( y ) dy
y2
A 
-1

(-1, -2) y1
-2

g y  = y+1

 
1 1
A    3  y   y  1  dy  2   y  y  2  dy
2 2
2

1
 y y  3
9 2
A     2 y 
 3 2  2 2
Aim: Area Between Two Curves Course: Calculus
 Representative Rectangle
Find the area of the region bounded by the
graphs of x = 3 – y2 and x = y + 1.
y=x–1 points of intersection
2

Solve for y
y  3 x
1 (2, 1)
(3, 0) y=x–1
2 4

-1 y   3 x
(-1, -2) Δx y   3  x
x-intercept – (3, 0)
-2

   
2 3
A    x  1   3  x  dx    3  x   3  x  dx
1   2  

Aim: Area Between Two Curves Course: Calculus

 Model Problem
Find the area of the region between the curve
y = sin x and the curve y = cos x from 0 to /2.
g x  = cos x  f x  = sin x 
1

0.5

 1  2

4 2

Aim: Area Between Two Curves Course: Calculus

 Model Problem
Find the area of the region between the curve
x  y 3  y and the line x  0.
1
f y = y3-y

0.5

-0.5

-1

Aim: Area Between Two Curves Course: Calculus

 Model Problem
Find the area of the region between the curve
y x  3 and the curve y  3  x
and the x-axis from x = -3 to x = 3.

g x  =  3-x 0.5
2
f x  =  x+3 0.5

-2 2

Aim: Area Between Two Curves Course: Calculus

 Model Problem

Aim: Area Between Two Curves Course: Calculus