EXPRESSING PAST TIME

PART I

FRANS ADITIA WIGUNA

 SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Simple Past Tense :
suatu bentuk kata kerja sederhana untuk menunjukkan bahwa suatu kejadian terjadi
dimasa lampau serta waktu kejadian (yesterday, last weeks, last year) atau periode
waktunya (for two months, for a day, for an hour) dapat disebutkan secara spesifik.

Simple Past Tense dibentuk dari verb-2 (past tense) atau lingking verb “be” (was were)
Verb -2: bentuk dasar verb dengan tambahan –ed, -en, -d, -t, -n, atau –ne untuk regular verb
atau pada irregular verb.
 EXPRESSING PAST TIME PART I

USING BE – PAST TIME

PRESENT TIME PAST TIME
(a) I am in class today (b) I was in class yesterday
(c) Alice is at the library today (d)Alice was at library yesterday
(e) My friends are at home today (f) my friends were at home yesterday
Simple Past Tense Of Be
Singular Plural I
I was we were she
You were (one you were (more than one he + was
person) person) it
she was they were
we
he was
you + were
it was
they
 EXPRESSING PAST TIME PART I

PAST OF BE : NEGATIVE
Negative Contraction
(a) I was not in class yesterday was + not : wasn’t
(b) I wasn’t in class yesterday were + not : weren’t

I
we
(c) They were not at home last night she
+ wasn’t you + weren’t
(d) They weren’t at home last night he
they
it
 EXPRESSING PAST TIME PART I

PAST OF BE : QUESTION
Yes / No Question Short Answer Long Answer
(a) Were you in class yesterday? Yes, I was (I was in class yesterday)
(be) + (subject) No, I wasn’t (I wasn’t in class yesterday)
(b) Was Carlos at home last night? Yes, he was (He was at home last night)
(be) + (subject) No, he wasn’t (He wasn’t at home last
night)

Information Question Short Answer Long Answer

(c) Where were you yesterday? In class (I was in class yesterday)
where + (be) + (subject)
(d) Where was Jennifer last night? At home (She was at home last night)
where + (be) + (subject)
 EXPRESSING PAST TIME PART I

THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE : USING -ED

Simple Present (a) I walk to school every day verbs + -ed : the simple past tense
Simple Past (b) I walked to school yesterday I
you
Simple Present (c) Ann walks to school every day
she
Simple Past (d) Ann walked to school yesterday he
+ walked (verb + -ed)
it
we
They
 EXPRESSING PAST TIME PART I
PAST TIME WORDS : YESTERDAY, LAST, And AGO
Yesterday Last Ago
(a) Bob was here . . . (b) Sue was here . . . (c) Tom was here . . .
yesterday last night last fall five minutes ago
yesterday morning last week last winter two hours ago
yesterday afternoon last month last Monday three days ago
yesterday evening last year last Tuesday a (one) week ago
last spring last Wednesday six months ago
last summer etc. a (one) year ago

Notice:
In (a) : yesterday is used with morning, afternoon, and evening
In (b) : last is used with night, with long periods of time (week, month, year), with season (spring,
summer, etc) and with days of the week
In (c) : ago means “in the past”. It follows specific lengths of time (e.g. two minutes + ago, five
years + ago)
 EXPRESSING PAST TIME PART I
THE SIMPLE PAST : IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 1) -
Some Verbs Do Not Have –ed Forms. Their Past Are Irregular
Present Past
come came (a) I come to class every day
do did (b) I came to class yesterday
eat ate (c) I do my homework every day
get got (d) I did my homework yesterday
go went
have had (e) Ann eats breakfast every morning
put put (f) Ann ate breakfast yesterday morning
see saw
sit sat
sleep slept
stand stood
write wrote
 EXPRESSING PAST TIME PART I
THE SIMPLE PAST : NEGATIVE
Subject + Did + Not + Main Verb I
(a) I + Did + Not + walk to school yesterday you
(b) You + Did + Not + walk to school yesterday she
(c) Tom + Did + Not + eat lunch yesterday he + did not +main
(d) They + Did + Not + come to class yesterday it verb*
we
INCORRECT: I didn’t walked to school yesterday they
INCORRECT: Tom did not ate lunch yesterday Notice : The simple form of
the main verb is used with
did not
(e) I didn’t walk to school yesterday Negative Contraction
(f) Tom didn’t eat lunch yesterday did + not : didn’t
*EXCEPTION : did is NOT used when the main verb is be (chart 8.2, 8.3)
Correct : Joe wasn’t here yesterday
Incorrect : Joe didn’t be here yesterday
 EXPRESSING PAST TIME PART I
THE SIMPLE PAST : YES / NO QUESTION
Did + Subject + Main Verb Short answer + (Long Answer)
(a) Did Mary Walk to school? Yes, she did (she walked to school)
No, she didn’t (she didn’t walk to school)
(b) Did you come to class? Yes, I did (I came to class)
No I didn’t (I didn’t come to class)

IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 2)

bring - brought drive - drove run - ran
buy - bought read - read* teach - taught
catch - caught ride - rode think - thought
drink - drank
*The past form of read is pronounced the same as the color red
 EXPRESSING PAST TIME PART I

IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 3)

break - broke meet - met sing - sang
fly - flew pay - paid speak - spoke
hear - heard ring - rang take - took
leave - left send - sent wake up - woke up

IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 4)

begin - began say - said tell - told
find - found sell - sold tear - tore
lose - lost steal - stole wear - wore
hang - hung
 EXERCISE
Question Practice – E7 P.217 : Make questions and give short answer
(you \ at home\ last night)
A. Were you at home last night ? B. No, I wasn’t
1. (Mr Yamamoto \ absent from class \ ysterday)
A. ____________________ ? B. No, _______________
2. (Oscar and Anya \ at home \ last night)
A. ____________________ ? B. Yes, _______________
3. (You \ nervous \ the first day of class)
A. ____________________ ? B. No, _______________
4. (Ahmed \ at the library \ last night)
A. ____________________ ? B. Yes, _______________
5. (Mr. Shin \ in class \ yesterday)
A. ____________________ ? B. No, _______________
A. Where ______________ ? B. At home
6. (you and your family \ in Canada \ last year)
A. ____________________ ? B. No, _______________
A. Where ______________ ? B. In Ireland
 EXERCISE
Sentence Practice E.10 P 221 : Complete the sentences in the simple past
1. Every day I walk. Yesterday I ______________
2. Every day I work. Yesterday I ______________
3. Every day Omar shaves. Yesterday Omar ______________
4. Every night Paula watches TV. Last night she ______________ TV
5. Every day Mrs. Wu cooks. Last night she ______________
6. Every day people smile. Yesterday they ______________
7. Every week it rains. Last week it ______________
8. Every day we ask question. Yesterday we ______________ questions
9. Every day I talk on the phone. Yesterday I ______________ on the phone
10. Every day Tomo listens to music. Yesterday he ______________ to music
 EXERCISE
Complete the sentences. Uses the words in parentheses. Use the simple present, the present
progressive or the simple past in the simple past
I (get) __got__ up at eight o’clock yesterday morning
1. Mary (talk) ______ to John on the phone last night
2. Mary (talk) ______ to John on the phone right now
3. Mary (talk) ______ to John on the phone every day
4. Jim and I (eat) ______ lunch at the cafeteria two hours ago
5. We (eat) ______ lunch at cafeteria every day
6. I (go) ______ to bed early last night
7. My roommate (study) ______ Spanish last year
8. Sue (write) ______ an e-mail to her parents yesterday
9. Sue (write) ______ an e-mail to her parents every week
10. Sue is in her room right now. She (sit) ______ at her desk
11. Maria (do) ______ her homework last night
12. Yesterday I (see) ______ Fumiko at the library
13. I (have) ______ a dream last night. I (dream) ______ about my friends.
I (sleep) ______for eight hours
14. A strange things (happen) ______ to me yesterday. I couldn’t remember my own
telephone number
 EXERCISE
15. My wife (come) ______ home around five every day
16. Yesterday she (come) ______ home at 5:15
17. Our teacher (stand) ______ in the middle of the room right now
18. Our teacher (stand) ______ in the front of the room yesterday
19. Tom (put) ______ the butter in the refrigerator yesterday
20. He (put) ______ the milk in the refrigerator every day