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Study of Microscope

The document summarizes the key components and functions of a light microscope. It describes the two main types as simple and compound microscopes. A compound microscope has several main parts including a stand, body, optical system, and illumination system. The body houses components like body tubes for the optical path, a mechanical stage to hold slides, and knobs for coarse and fine focus adjustment. The optical system incorporates eyepieces, objectives of varying magnifications, and a condenser to focus light on samples.

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jyoti singh
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82 views11 pages

Study of Microscope

The document summarizes the key components and functions of a light microscope. It describes the two main types as simple and compound microscopes. A compound microscope has several main parts including a stand, body, optical system, and illumination system. The body houses components like body tubes for the optical path, a mechanical stage to hold slides, and knobs for coarse and fine focus adjustment. The optical system incorporates eyepieces, objectives of varying magnifications, and a condenser to focus light on samples.

Uploaded by

jyoti singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Microscope

Light Microscope :
• The usual type of microscope used in clinical laboratories
is called light microscope that employs visible light as
source of light.
• A light microscope can be a simple or a compound
microscope.
SIMPLE MICROSCOPE :
This is a simple hand magnifying lens. The magnification power of
hand lens is from 2x to 200x.
COMPOUND MICROSCOPE :
• This has a battery of lenses fitted in a complex instrument.
• One type of lens remains near the object (objective lens) and
another type of lens near the observer’s eyes (eyepiece lens).
• The eyepiece and objective lenses have different magnifications
(described below).
• The compound microscope can be monocular having single
eyepiece or binocular which has two eyepieces.
• A usual compound microscope has : mechanical, electrical and
optical parts.
• These include:
1. Stand
2. body
3. optical system
4. light/illumination system.
1. STAND :
• This is horseshoe-shaped in monocular microscope and
gives stability to the microscope.
• Binocular microscopes have a variety of shapes of stand.
2. BODY :
• Microscope body consists of a limb which arises from the
joint with the stand.
• It helps in moving microscope in comfortable position from
one place to another.
• the body carry the following parts: body tubes, mechanical
stage, and knobs for coarse and fine adjustment.
Body tubes : There are two tubes for optical path of the
microscope.
1. External tube at its lower end has a revolving nosepiece having
slots for screwing in objective lenses of different magnifications.
2. Internal tube which is a draw tube with eyepieces placed at the
upper end.
Mechanical stage :
• This is a metallic platform having slide holder that
accommodates glass slide having object to be seen.
• It has an aperture in its center which permits the light to reach
the object.
Knobs for coarse and fine adjustment :
• For focusing of the object, knobs are provided on either side
of the body—bigger knobs for coarse adjustment and smaller
knobs for fine adjustments.
3. OPTICAL SYSTEM :
• Optical system is comprised by different lenses which are fitted into a
microscope.
• It consists of eyepiece, objectives and condensers.
Eyepiece : A monocular microscope has one eyepiece while a binocular
microscope has two. Eyepiece has two planoconvex lenses.
Objectives : These are made of a battery of lenses with prisms incorporated
in them. Their magnification power provides varying range. Usually 4x, 10x,
40x and 100x (oil immersion) objectives are used.
Condenser : This is made up of two simple lenses. It condenses light on to
the object on the slide by up or down movement, and by opening or closing of
the diaphragm.
4. LIGHT/ILLUMINATION SYSTEM :
• For daylight illumination, a mirror is fitted at the base of the
microscope which is plane on one side and concave on the
other side.
• Plane mirror is used in sunlight while concave in artificial
source of light.
THANK YOU

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