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Number Systems (Part1)

The document discusses different number systems. It defines a number system as a set of values used to represent quantities and explains that number systems provide a unique way to represent numbers through digits or symbols. The document then describes four main number systems - binary, decimal, octal, and hexadecimal - and explains their bases, allowed digits, examples of representations, and differences between the systems. It emphasizes that computers use the binary number system internally to represent all data types.

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34 views19 pages

Number Systems (Part1)

The document discusses different number systems. It defines a number system as a set of values used to represent quantities and explains that number systems provide a unique way to represent numbers through digits or symbols. The document then describes four main number systems - binary, decimal, octal, and hexadecimal - and explains their bases, allowed digits, examples of representations, and differences between the systems. It emphasizes that computers use the binary number system internally to represent all data types.

Uploaded by

Syco Queen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

NUMBER

SYSTEMS
Instructor Name:
Anam Khalid
Computer Science
OBJECTIVES
 What is Number System?
 Importance of Number System
 Types of Number Systems

2
NUMBER SYSTEM
 System used for writing to express numbers
 It is the mathematical notation for representing numbers given set
by using digits or other symbols in a consistent manner
 Provides a unique representation of every number
 Allows us to operate arithmetic operations like addition,
subtraction, multiplication and division

3
NUMBER SYSTEM
 The value of any digit in a number can be determined by
 Digit
 Position
 Base
Def: A set of values used to represent different quantities is known as
Number System

4
EXAMPLES
 A number system can be used to represent the number of students in a class
 A number system can be used to find out the number of viewers watching a certain TV
program

5
ROLE OF NUMBER SYSTEMS
IN OUR LIFE
 Currency
 Marks
 Computers
 Number of Students in a class
 Temperature
 Weight
 Price

6
COMPUTERS AND NUMBER
SYSTEMS
 Number systems are the technique to represent numbers in the
computer system architecture
 The digital computer represents all kinds of data and information
 Numeric
 Text
 Image
 Audio
 Video

 Computers use BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM for storing and


representing all
7
TYPES OF NUMBER SYSTEM
 Binary
 Decimal
 Octal
 Hexadecimal

8
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE??
 Base or Radix
 The total number of digits used in a number system is called its base or radix

 Base is always written as subscript


 Example:
 (…….)5

 (…….)20

9
BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM
 The base of binary number system is 2
 Number of digits = Base = 2
 A Binary number system has only two digits that are 0 and 1
 Every number (value) represents with 0 and 1 in this number system
 A combination of binary numbers may be used to represent different quantities
like 1001
 Each digit or bit in binary number system can be 0 or 1
 Bit = Binary Digit

10
EXAMPLES
 (1011001000100)2
 (010101)2
 (0000111)2
 (10)2
 (25)2 (Wrong)
 (-01101101)2 (Wrong)
11
DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM
 The base of decimal number system is 10
 The Decimal Number System consists of ten digits from 0 to 9
 These digits can be used to represent any numeric value
 Every number (value) represents with 0,1,2,3,4,5,6, 7,8 and 9 in this number
system
 It is the most widely used number system

12
DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM
 Each number in this system consists of digits which are located at different
positions
 The position of first digit towards left side of the decimal point is 0
 The position of second digit towards left side of the decimal point is 1
 the position of first digit towards right side of decimal point is -1
 The position of second digit towards right side of decimal point is -2

 It represents both positive and negative numbers


 Sign is important

13
EXAMPLES
 (32111223232)10
 (-10101)10
 (430)10
 (20000)10
 (-25)10

14
OCTAL NUMBER SYSTEM
 The base of octal system is 8 so the base is 8
 Octal number system has only eight (8) digits from 0 to 7
 Every number (value) represents with 0,1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7 in this
number system
 Any digit in this system is always less than 8
 Can have both positive and negative numbers
 7 vs. 07

15
EXAMPLES
 (25)8
 (3434)8
 (1010101)8
 (1487)8 (Wrong)
 (-34342)8

16
HEXADECIMAL NUMBER
SYSTEM
 The base of hexadecimal number system is 16, so it has total 16 discrete values
 A Hexadecimal number system has sixteen (16) alphanumeric values from 0 to
9 and A to F
 Every number (value) represents with 0,1,2,3,4,5,6, 7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E and F in
this number system
 The alphabets A to F represent decimal numbers from 10 to 15
 Each digit position in hexadecimal system represents a power of 16

17
EXAMPLES
 (25)16

 (AFB2)16

 (022234)16

 (BCBD)16

 (-367)16

 (3516)16

 (3G2)16 (Wrong)

18
COMPARISON

19

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