PRE-TEST

/
REVIEW
Test Your Prerequisite
Skills
Plot the following set of ordered
pairs in the Cartesian plane and
connect all the dots.
1. (2,0) 6. (4,8)
2. (2,2) 7. (6,8)
3. (2,4) 8. (4,4)
4. (2,6) 9. (6,4)
5. (2,8) 10. (7,8)
Test Your Prerequisite
Skills
LESSON OBJECTIVES:
4

a. Correctly
define a b. Properly represent c. Properly model
function. a function using real-life problems
function notation. using equations.
ACTIVITY 1: 5

“BIRTH MONTH TRICK”

Duration: 5 minutes Guide Questions:

Materials Needed: notebook, pen
1. When is your birthday?
Methodology: 2. What number represents that month?
1. Take the number of your birth month. 3. After following all the rules, what
(e.g., January = 1, February = 2, etc.) result did you get?
2. Add 32. How about the others?
3. Add the result in Step 2 to the difference
between 12 and the number of your birth
month.
4. Divide by 2.
5. Subtract 10
 FUNCTION
• a special kind of relation in which no
two distinct ordered pairs have the
same first element.
• DOMAIN - set of inputs

• RANGE –set of outputs

 In an equation with two variables
(𝑥 and 𝑦), the variable 𝑦 may be
expressed as 𝑓(𝑥) if every value of 𝑥
corresponds to a single value of 𝑦.
• The function 𝑓(𝑥) can be thought of as a
“machine”
that accepts values of 𝑥 as input and produces
values of 𝑦 as output.
 One-to-One Many-to-One One-to-Many
Learn about It!
Relation Relation Relation

Each value of the

independent variable is Two or more values Some values of
unique and is of is associated are associated
associated with a with the same with more than
unique value of the
value of one value of
dependent variable
 One-to-One Many-to-One One-to-Many
Learn about It!
Relation Relation Relation

Each value RANGE

DOMAIN of the DOMAIN RANGE DOMAIN RANGE

independent variable is Two or more values Some values of

2
unique and-3is of is associated are associated with
4
associated -1a
with -2 3
more than one
8
with the same
6 value of0the
unique 0 7 value of 0
value of 9
5
dependent 4
variable 5 8
7 9
 FUNCTION

The tree trunks are the input, the machine is the

function, and the chopped logs are the output.
 FUNCTION

In this equation, 𝑥 is the input, 2𝑥+1 is

the function, and 𝑦 is the output.
WARM UP!

12
14
21
10
19 -8
18 24
-7
6
-5
-2
Ways of Writing Functions:
• 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 6 is written as a function of 𝑥.
• 𝑥 →2𝑥 + 6 The arrow is read as “is mapped to.”
• 𝑓∶ 𝑥 →2𝑥 + 6 The colon symbol (:) is read as
“such that.”
• 𝑓= {(𝑥,𝑦)|𝑦 =2𝑥+6} The function 𝑓 is written as a set.

Take note that 𝑓 and 𝑥 may be replaced with any other

letters to represent problems. For example, the function
that defines the area of a circle in terms of its radius may
be represented by 𝐴(𝑟). Similarly, 𝑣(𝑡) can be used to
denote velocity as a function of time.
Functions can be presented in different ways: 14

x -2 -1 0
y -10 -7 -1

TABLE OF
VALUES {(-2,-10), (-1,-
7),
(0,1), (1,0)} GRAPH
ORDERED EQUATION
PAIRS
Functions can be presented in different ways: 15

• Some equations known as candidate functions may also be used to

represent functions.
• The equation 𝑦=3𝑥 +1 , for example, is a candidate function because
we can substitute a value of 𝑥 to obtain a corresponding value of 𝑦.
How will you determine whether a given equation is a function?
16

Equations denote equality between two expressions. On the other

hand, functions denote relationships between two variables. A
function always involves a relation between a set of inputs and a set of
outputs.

Consider the following equations:

a. 3𝑥=4𝑥−1
b. 𝑦=3𝑥+1
c. 2+5=6+1

Which of the given equations is a function?

Solution
The only function among the three equations is 𝑦=3𝑥+1, because it
denotes a relationship between two variables 𝑥 and 𝑦.
EXAMPLE:
Analyze the given chart below. Determine the input,
the function, and the output.

Solution:
The input is the 𝒙-values (𝟏,𝟐,𝟑,𝟒,𝟓)
and the output is the 𝒚-values (𝟒,𝟓,𝟔,𝟕,𝟖).

Notice that if the value of 𝑥 is 1, the value of 𝑦 is 4. If 𝑥 is 2, 𝑦 is 5,

and so on.
By observing the pattern, note that each input increases by 3 after
“going through” the function.
Hence, the function is 𝒚=𝒙+𝟑.
VERTICAL LINE TEST
presentation title 18

?
FUNCTIO NOT A NOT A
N FUNCTION FUNCTION

FUNCTION
or
NOT A FUNCTION

NOT A FUNCTIO FUNCTIO

FUNCTION N N
EXAMPLE:

Consider an electric fan as a function machine.

What you do you think is the input, the function,
and the output?

SOLUTION:
Pressing any button on the electric fan
(assuming it is plugged into a power source)
will cause the fan blade to spin.
Hence, the buttons are the input, the spinning
of the fan blade is the function, and the wind it
gives off is the output.
 20

a. Whatis a How do we How do we Why are

function? denote determine a functions
functions? function given important in our
its graph? life?