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1) Physics 31.08.2020 Semester I (Semester 5)

This document outlines the course objectives and content for a course on oral and maxillofacial radiology. The course will cover topics like radiation physics, safety, biology, imaging techniques, interpretation, and pathology. The first semester focuses on basic principles like radiation properties and imaging methods. The second semester covers interpreting diseases, disorders, and injuries of the jaws, teeth, sinuses and facial structures seen on radiographs. Lectures will explore atomic structure, ionization, x-ray production, and the components of the x-ray machine like the cathode, anode and timer. References are provided for further reading.

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Reda Ismaeel
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31 views28 pages

1) Physics 31.08.2020 Semester I (Semester 5)

This document outlines the course objectives and content for a course on oral and maxillofacial radiology. The course will cover topics like radiation physics, safety, biology, imaging techniques, interpretation, and pathology. The first semester focuses on basic principles like radiation properties and imaging methods. The second semester covers interpreting diseases, disorders, and injuries of the jaws, teeth, sinuses and facial structures seen on radiographs. Lectures will explore atomic structure, ionization, x-ray production, and the components of the x-ray machine like the cathode, anode and timer. References are provided for further reading.

Uploaded by

Reda Ismaeel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 28

ORAL AND MAXILLO-

FACIAL RADIOLOGY
Principles and
Interpretation

Presented by
Dr. Mohamed Hussein
The National Ribat University
COURSE OBJECTIVES
( I ) SEMESTER 5
By the end of this course you should be able
to know the following:
1 ) Radiation Physics
2 ) Radiation safety and protection
3 ) Biologic effects of radiation
4 ) Projection geometry
5 ) Image receptors
6 ) Common causes of faulty radiographs
7 ) Intraoral radiographic examinations
8 ) Extraoral radiographic examinations
9 ) Specialized radiographic techniques
Radiographic interpretation ) 10
Normal radiographic anatomy ) 11
Guidelines for prescribing dental ) 12
radiographs
Principles of radiographic ) 13
interpretation
( II ) SEMESTER 6
14 )
Dental caries
15 )
Periodontal diseases
16 )
Dental anomalies
17 )
Inflammatory lesions of the jaws
18 )
Cysts of the jaws
19 )
Benign tumors of the jaws
20 )
Malignant diseases of the jaws
21 )
Diseases of bone manifested in
the jaws
22 ) Systemic diseases manifested in
the jaws
23 ) Disorders of the TMJ
24 ) Paranasal sinuses
25 ) Soft tissue calcification and
ossification
26 ) Trauma to teeth and facial
structures
27 ) Developmental disturbances of the
face and jaws
28 ) Salivary gland radiology
29 ) Orofacial implants
REFERENCES
• ( 1 ) STUART C. WHITE, MICHAEL J
PHAROAH, 2000. Oral Radiology :
Principles and Interpretation
• ( 2 ) Eric Whaites, R. A. Cawson, 1996.
Essentials of Dental Radiography and
Radiology. (second edition)
• ( 3 ) Rita Mason and Sarah Bourne, 1998. A
Guide to Dental Radiography (Fourth Edition)
• ( 4 ) Olaf E. Langland, Robert P. Langlais
and John W. Preece, 2002. Principles of
Dental Imaging. (second edition)
• ( 5 ) Joen Iannucci Haring, Laura Jansen,
2000. Dental Radiography : Principles and
techniques. (second edition)
• ( 6 ) Laetitia Brocklebank, 1997. Dental
Radiology : Understanding the X-Ray
Image
• ( 7 ) Prof. Dr. Mouchira Salah El-din, Dr.
Mushira M Dahaba, Dr. Hala Zakaria
Mahmoud and Dr. Nashwa Salah
Mohamed. Oral Radiology : Principles
and techniques. Part 1 and Part 2
(1)
RADIATION
PHYSICS
LECTURE
OBJECTIVES
By the end of this lecture you
should be able to know the
:following
Atomic Structure ) 1
2 ) Ionization
3 ) Nature of radiation
Introduction
• X-rays were discovered by Roentgen in
1895.
• He called them x-rays because their
nature was then unknown.
• To understand the production and
interactions of x-rays a basic knowledge
of atomic physics is essential.
Atomic Structure
• Atoms consist of a nucleus
(protons and neutrons) surrounded by
electrons in specific orbits or shells.
• The orbits, or shells, are identified by
a letter (K, L, M, N, O, P, and Q
shells).
Atomic structure
IONIZATION
• If an electrically neutral atom
loses an electron, it becomes
a positive ion, and the free
electron is a negative ion. 
This process is termed
ionization.
Nature of radiation
• Radiation is the
transmission of energy
through space and
matter
• Some of the properties of
electromagnetic radiation are
best expressed by wave
theory, whereas others are
most successfully described
by quantum theory.
The Wave Theory
• Radiation is propagated in the
form of waves.
• Such waves consist of
electrical and magnetic fields.
Quantum Theory
• Quantum theory depicts
electromagnetic radiation as
small bundles of energy
called photons.
• Each photon travels at
the speed of light and
contains a specific
amount of energy.
The x-ray machine
• The heart of an x-ray machine
is the x-ray tube and its
power supply.
• The x-ray tube is positioned
within the tube head.
• Tube head including the recessed x-ray
tube, components of the power supply,
and the oil yoke
X-ray Tube
• The x-ray tube, is composed of a
cathode and an anode.
• The cathode serves as a source of
electrons to be directed at the anode.
• When electrons from the cathode strike
the target ( focal spot ) in the anode,
they produce x-rays.
• X - ray tube with the major
components labeled.
• X - RAY TUBE. A, Focusing cup (arrow). B,
Focal spot area (arrows).
Timer
• The timer controls the time
that high-voltage is applied to
the tube and therefore the
time during which x-rays are
produced.

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