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Algebraic Expressions and Terms

The document defines key algebraic concepts such as expressions, terms, coefficients, constants, and like terms. It explains how to identify each part of an algebraic expression and how to simplify expressions by combining like terms. Examples are provided to demonstrate simplifying expressions and identifying coefficients, constants, and like terms. Keywords to look for when writing algebraic expressions from word phrases are also identified.

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136 views32 pages

Algebraic Expressions and Terms

The document defines key algebraic concepts such as expressions, terms, coefficients, constants, and like terms. It explains how to identify each part of an algebraic expression and how to simplify expressions by combining like terms. Examples are provided to demonstrate simplifying expressions and identifying coefficients, constants, and like terms. Keywords to look for when writing algebraic expressions from word phrases are also identified.

Uploaded by

Oliver
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Algebraic

Expressions and
Terms
YEAR 7
CGSWH
Expressions

You are familiar with the following type of numerical


expressions:

12 + 6
3 (12)
6 (3 + 2)
15 - 4 (6)
Using pronumerals
 A pronumeral is a letter or symbol which stands for a
number.
What is a variable?

In the expression 12 + B, the letter “B” is a variable.

A variable is a letter or symbol that represents an unknown


value.
Algebraic Expressions

When variables are used with other numbers, parentheses, or


operations, they create an algebraic expression.

a + 2
(a) (b)
3m + 6n - 6
What are coefficients?

A coefficient is the number multiplied by the variable in an


algebraic expression.
Algebraic Expression Coefficient
6m + 5 6
8r + 7m + 4 8, 7
14b - 8 14
What is a term?
A term is the name given to a number, a variable, or a number
and a variable combined by multiplication or division.

Algebraic Expressions Terms


a + 2 a, +2

3m + 6n - 6 3m, +6n, - 6
What are constants?

 A constant is a number that cannot change its value.

In the expression: 5x + 7y - 2
the constant is - 2.
Figure it out!

Identify the terms, coefficients, and constants.

1. 12a - 6b + 4
2. 4x - 2y
3. c - 32
4. 3x + 2
Writing Algebraic Expressions

 You can translate word phrases into


variable expressions.
 Examples:
1. Three more than a number = x + 3
2. The quotient of a number and 8 = y/8
3. Six times a number = 6 x n or 6n
4. 15 less than a number = z – 15
5. The quotient of 30 and a number plus 10 = 30/x + 10.
Key words to look for:
 Addition:  Subtraction:
Add Minus
Plus Difference
Sum Subtract
Total Less than
Increased by Decreased by
More than less
Cont…
 Multiplication  Division
Product Quotient
Times divide
multiply
Write algebraic expressions for
these word phrases
1. Four more than
2. The product of 7 and c
3. Nine less than x
4. A number divided by the sum of 4 and 7.
5. Twice the sum of a number plus 4.
6. The sum of ¾ of a number and 7.
7. Ten times a number increased by 150.
Write an algebraic phrase for
these situations
1. A car was traveling 35 metres per
hour for a number of hours.
2. Bob ran 7 times a week for a number
of weeks.
3. The plumber added an extra $35 to
her bill.
4. Thirty-five fewer people came than
the number expected.
Substitution

 A formula is a mathematical rule, usually written using


pronumerals.
 NOTES:
 A) Read the sentence before question mark FIRST,
knowing what you are looking for by HIGHLITING the
keywords
 B) Identify the relationship between the Variables
 C) Write the formula down
 D) Search for the numbers that fit into the formula
Textbook question
 An expression is a math sentence
Simplifying that does not have an equal sign.
Expressions
For example: 3x + 7 – 4x -2

Remember:
We evaluate expressions.
We solve equations.
Simplifying Expressions
Each part of an expression is called a term.
In the expression 3x + 7 - 4x -2
the terms are:

3x, 7, -4x, and -2


Notice that the sign in front of each term
goes with that term
.
Simplifying Expressions
Terms that have identical variable
parts are like terms.
In the expression 3x + 7 – 4x -2

3x and -4x are like terms


7 and -2 are like terms

We can combine like terms.


Simplifying Expressions
Thecoefficient of a term is the
number part of the term.

In the expression 3x + 7 – 4x -2
the coefficients are 3 (from 3x) and -4
(from -4x).

If a variable has no number in front of it,


the coefficient is 1.
Simplifying Expressions
A term that has a number, but no variable,
is a constant term.

In the expression 3x + 7 - 4x -2
the constants are:
7 and -2.
Your Turn - Identify the
coefficients, constant term(s),
and like terms
1. 4, 1; -5; a and 4a
1. a – 5 + 4a
2. -2, 1; 7, -8; 7 and
2. 7 – 2b + b -8 -8, -2b and b

3. -3 and 6; 2 and
3. -3c + 2 + 6c + 5 5; -3c and 6c, 2
and 5
Combining Like Terms
 We can only add or subtract terms that
are alike. 2x + 2 cannot be added
because 2x and 2 are not like terms.

 Liketerms have identical variable parts


and identical exponents!
Combining Like Terms
Example: 11x + 1 – 4x

11x and -4x are like terms, so we can


combine them:
11x – 4x = 7x

Rewrite the simplified expression:


= 7x + 1
Combining Like Terms
Example: 12m + 9 -2m -16

12m and -2m are like terms.


9 and -16 are like terms.

12m – 2m = 10m
9 – 16 = -7

So, we can rewrite the expression to be: 10m -


7
Your Turn - Simplify Each Expression
1. 10k + 6km + 5k 1. 15k + 6km

2. 8g – 9g + 2 2. -g + 2

3. y+y+y 3. 3y

4. 4a + 7b + 4b + 5a 4. 9a + 11b

5. 8 – 6a + 2b - 8 5. -6a + 2b
These Expressions are equivalent

24a + 56b = 3(8a + 7b)


These Expressions Are
equivalent

7(2x + 9) = 21x + 63
These expressions are
equivalent

y + y + y = 3y
These expressions are
equivalent

12a + 60 = 6(2a + 10)


These Expressions are
equivalent

31x + 72 = 9(3x + 8)
These expressions are
equivalent

t+ t + t = 3t
4 4

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