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UCSP Module 6 Part 2

The document discusses different types of social groups including primary and secondary groups, in-groups and out-groups, and reference groups. It covers the key characteristics, functions, and formation of social groups and how they influence individuals and society.

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68 views20 pages

UCSP Module 6 Part 2

The document discusses different types of social groups including primary and secondary groups, in-groups and out-groups, and reference groups. It covers the key characteristics, functions, and formation of social groups and how they influence individuals and society.

Uploaded by

Jhimar Peredo Jurado
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Understanding Culture

Society and Politics


Quarter 1: Week 6 - Module 6 Part
2
Forms of Social Group

Groups are formed as an assemblage of people who


often interact with each other on the basis of a
common outlook concerning behavior and a sense of
common identity. A social group may consist of two or
more individuals who do things together with a
common goal and interest.
Group

- is any collection of people who interact on the basis of shared expectations regarding one another’s
behavior ( Kornblum, 2003).
- is consist of two or more people who are bound together in relatively stable patterns of social
interaction and who share a feeling of unity ( Hughes and Kroeler, 2009)
- is comprised of two or more persons who are in social interaction, who are guided by similar norms,
values and expectations, and who maintain a stable pattern of relationship over a period of time.
- Is a specified number of individuals where each recognizes members from non-member;
- it is a collection of individuals characterize by:
a) Communication
b) Recognition
c) Specialized roles
THREE REQUIREMENTS FOR A GROUP

 1. There must be two or more people.

 2. There must be interaction.

 3. The members must be together physically.


Factors that influence Groups

 1. Motivational base shared by individuals (based on needs,


interests, desires, noble activities, insecurities, or problems)
 2. Size of the group
 3. Type of group goals
 4. The kind of a group cohesion/unity (the capability to function
and interact collectively in the direction of their goals)
General Characteristics of a Group

 Group is characterized by the following:


 1. A group has identity identifiable by both its members and outsiders.
 2. A group has a social structure in the sense that each part or member
has a position related to other positions.
 3. Each member in a group has roles to play.
 4. There is mutual reciprocity among members in a group.
Group as distinguished from other Collection of People like:

 1. Aggregate - a simple collection of people who are in the same place at the same time without
interacting with each other
Eg. People inside the movie house, people riding in an LRT/MRT
 2. Category - a simple collection of people who share distinctive characteristics (age, sex, race,
income/social class, occupation, religion, political beliefs, ethnicity
Eg. Males/females in the society; the infants; children; youth; adults/ the aged; slum dwellers; the
middle class; the millionaires
 3. Collectivity - Collection of people in a given place and time
Eg. Crowds, masses, public and social movements are temporary groups
IMPORTANCE OF A GROUP

 1. A group is a major source of solidarity and cohesion.


 2. A group reinforces and strengthens our integration into society.
 3. A group shares basic survival and problem-solving techniques to
satisfy personal and emotional needs.
 4. A group gives meaning and support to an individual.
HOW IS A GROUP FORMED?

1. The desire to achieve an objective


2. To meet the needs of the individual member
3. People are treated alike by others
CLASSIFICATION OF GROUPS

A. PRIMARY GROUPS B. SECONDARY GROUPS


- personal and intimate relationship - Large
- face to face communication - impersonal, aloof relationship
- permanence duration - indirect communication
- a strong sense of loyalty or “we” - temporary duration
feeling - weak group cohesiveness based
- small in size on self-interest
- informal structure - rational decision-making
- traditional or non-rational - formal structure
decision-making
GROUP BOUNDARIES

 A. IN- GROUP
 B. OUT-GROUP
 C. REFERENCE GROUP
A. IN- GROUP

- group with which the individual identifies and which gives him sense of
belonging, solidarity, camaraderie, esprit de corps, and a protective
attitude toward the other members.

- The members are loyal to each other and share common norms,
activities, goals and background.
B. OUT-GROUP

- viewed as outsiders by the in-group;


- Any member of the in-group has insufficient contact with
the members of the out-group
- Members of the in-group have feelings of strangeness,
dislikes, avoidance, antagonism, indifference and even hatred
toward the out-group
C. REFERENCE GROUP

- Group that is significant to us as models even though we ourselves


may not be a part of the group.
- Is one which an individual does not only have a high regard for but
one after which he or she patterns his/her life
- Its central aspect is self-identification rather than actual
membership
TYPES OF GROUP BOUNDARIES

 A. FORMAL GROUP BOUNDARIES

 B. INFORMAL GROUP BOUNDARIES


A. FORMAL GROUP BOUNDARIES

- groups in which duties and privileges are clearly defined and


expectations are prescribed, independent of the person who
happens to occupy a given position
- Individual roles are explicitly designed as president, v-
president, secretary, and treasurer
- With constitution or set of by-laws
B. INFORMAL GROUP BOUNDARIES

- Arises spontaneously out of the interactions of two or more


people
- They are unplanned, have no explicit rules for membership, and
do not have
- specific objectives to be attained
- The members exchange confidences, share a feeling of intimacy
and acquire a sense of belongingness.
CONSEQUENCES OF GROUP BOUNDARIES

 a. people gain a clearer sense of their diversity

 b. ethnocentrism may grow

 c. serious personal and social problems may arise


Functions of Social Groups
 We typically belong to a certain type of social group, with each group having its
own functions.
 The primary group plays a vital part in the socialization process. It forms the
social nature and ideals of individuals especially in shaping the culture and
personality where a person learns social norms, beliefs, morals, and values. On
the other hand, secondary group members tend to relate to others only in specific
roles and for practical reasons. This group helps in fulfilling various types of
human needs and brings about social awareness and social change. Also, this
group helps fulfill various special interests in such fields as sports, dance, music,
and others.
Functions of Social Groups

 An in-group may form within our secondary group such as our workmates, group
mates, or assembly which functions as a group of people who can connect with each
other because of their sense of identity and belongingness while out group functions
as a competitor or rival group that an individual is opposed to.
 Reference group provides a standard of measurement. This group has a strong impact
on how a person thinks and acts as it may serve as guide to a member’s behavior and
social norms. Thus, networks function as a social media influencer.
 Social networks are influential in a wide range of online platforms used for building
social relationships with other people including sharing of political opinions, likes
and dislikes, and can even show trending societal issues or personalities.

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