Types of Information System

process unit design

 GROUP 1
Group 1 MEMBERS

 Blessing Zata R211959H

 Edwin Katsande R211935H
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

o Definition
o Key components of an information system
o Types of Information System
 What is Information System?

 An information system (IS) is a system that collects, processes, stores,

analyses, and disseminates information for a specific purpose within an
organization or society. It encompasses both the technology and the people
and processes involved in managing information.
 Key components of an information system
include:
 Hardware: The physical parts like computers and servers.
 Software: Programs and apps for managing data.
 Data: Raw information like text, numbers, images.
 Procedures: Rules and processes for using the system.
 People: Users and stakeholders, including employees and managers.
 Communication Networks: Infrastructure for sharing data, like Wi-Fi and
internet connections.
Types of Information System process unit
design:
1. Transaction Processing System (TPS) is the backstage manager of a business. It
takes care of all the day-to-day tasks like sales, payroll, and inventory, making
sure everything runs smoothly and accurately. It's like a super-efficient, always-
reliable assistant keeping things in order behind the scenes.

 TPS consist of invoicing systems, payroll systems and stock control systems.
They support operational level employees in a business. TPS is known for its
high performance standards, consistency and reliability. It is also known as
transaction processing or real-time processing.
 Examples of TPSs include point-of-sale systems in retail stores, ATM
(Automated Teller Machine) networks in banking, airline reservation systems,
online booking systems, and order processing systems in e-commerce. These
systems play a critical role in ensuring the smooth operation of business
processes and providing accurate and timely information to support decision-
making at various levels of the organization.

 The following image is a simplified explanation of TPS:

Example:
 Example:

 The Online Ticket Booking System use case diagram provides a clear overview
of the key functionalities and interactions involved in an online ticket booking
platform. The diagram illustrates the actions performed by the User, including
searching for events, selecting specific events, choosing seats, entering
personal details, updating event information, adding new events, and
deleting events.
 2. Decision Support System.
 It is an interactive computer-based system that supports decision-making
activities within an organization. DSSs are designed to help managers and
decision-makers analyse information, evaluate alternatives, and make better
decisions.
 The three main components of a DSS framework are:
• Model Management System
 The model management system are models that managers can use in their decision-
making. The models are used in decision-making regarding the financial health of the
organization and forecasting demand for a good or service.
• User Interface
 The user interface includes tools that help the end-user of a DSS to navigate through the
system. For example
 Menu options for choosing functions.
 Visual elements like icons and buttons.
 Searching for specific info.
 Visual summaries (dashboards) of important data.
 Links to connect related info or move between sections.

• Knowledge Base
 The knowledge base includes information from internal sources (information collected in a
transaction process system) and external sources (newspapers and online databases).
 DSSs play a vital role in helping organizations make informed decisions by
providing access to timely and relevant information, facilitating analysis and
evaluation, and supporting collaborative decision-making processes. They are
used across various industries and functions, including finance, marketing,
operations, and strategic planning.
 3. Knowledge Management systems refers to the process of capturing, storing,
sharing, and utilizing knowledge and expertise within an organization to
improve decision-making, innovation, and efficiency.
 KM systems leverage technology and organizational practices to facilitate
knowledge creation, transfer, and retention.
 The process of knowledge management is universal for any enterprise.
Sometimes, the resources used, such as tools and techniques, can be unique
to the organizational environment.
Examples of knowledge management systems:
 Knowledge repositories or databases store explicit knowledge in the form of
documents, manuals, procedures et cetera.
 For example, in a company's marketing team, there might be a group that
meets to talk about social media tricks.

 Learning and Development Programs are like school for grown-ups that
companies pay for. They offer all sorts of classes and activities to help
employees get better at their jobs. This can be anything from sitting in a
classroom to doing online courses. The idea is that when employees learn
more, they do their jobs better, which helps the company do better overall.
 4.Learning Management Systems (LMS) are software platforms designed to
manage, deliver, and track online training and educational courses. They
provide a centralized hub for organizing learning materials, administering
assessments, tracking learner progress, and facilitating communication
between instructors and learners.
 Another example of a popular Learning Management Systems is Moodle
which is an open-source LMS widely used in educational institutions,
corporate training, and other organizations. It offers features such as course
management, online assessments, discussion forums, and collaboration tools.
Moodle is highly customizable and extensible, with a large community of
developers and users contributing to its development.
 Also Google Classroom is a free LMS developed by Google for educational use.
It integrates with Google Workspace (formerly G Suite) tools such as Google
Drive, Google Docs, and Google Meet to facilitate collaboration,
communication, and assignment management.
 Google Classroom is used by teachers to deliver digital course materials and
other online content to their students. Teachers may also use the platform to
receive course work submissions and assign grades to students.
 When selecting an LMS, it's essential to consider factors such as ease of use,
scalability, integration capabilities, support services, and cost.
 5. Information Operating System: as the brain of a company. It's like a big computer
program that helps organize and handle all the information the company uses. This
includes stuff like storing data, finding it when needed, changing it around, and
showing it to the right people. It also helps employees talk to each other and work
together on projects. Basically, it's the behind-the-scenes tool that keeps everything
running smoothly.

 In essence, an Information Operating System serves as the backbone of an

organization's information management infrastructure, enabling efficient and
effective handling of data and supporting various business processes and decision-
making activities.
 It may include components such as database management systems, communication
protocols, security mechanisms, and user interfaces tailored to the organization's
specific needs and requirements.
 examples:

 Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems like SAP, Oracle E-Business Suite,
and Microsoft Dynamics are comprehensive software platforms that integrate
various business processes and functions, including finance, human resources,
supply chain management, and customer relationship management. They
serve as centralized information operating systems for managing critical data
across an organization.
 CMS platforms like WordPress are used for creating, managing, and publishing
digital content on websites and other digital platforms. They serve as
information operating systems for content creation, storage, retrieval, and
distribution, enabling collaborative content management and website
administration.
 Database Management Systems (DBMS) software like MySQL, Oracle Database,
and Microsoft SQL Server provides tools for managing and organizing
structured data in databases. They serve as foundational components of
information operating systems, facilitating data storage, retrieval,
manipulation, and security.
THE END