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Topic 1.1a SystemConcept 2022

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21 views16 pages

Topic 1.1a SystemConcept 2022

Uploaded by

Danial Haziq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SC015

Session 2022/2022

1.0 COMPUTER SYSTEM


1.1a System Concept
Learning Outcome :
At the end of this lesson students will able to:
a) Explain the operations involved in information processing cycle
i) Input
ii) Process
iii) Output
iv) Storage
What is a Computer?

• An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions


stored in its own memory, that:
– accept data (input),
– process data,
– produce information (output), &
– store information for future use.

• Discovering Computer 2018


A Computer System is :
 A collection of related computer components (hardware &
software) that have been designed to work together
smoothly.

Computer Are Your Future


(Twelfth Edition)
The Components of a Computer: Hardware
The Components of a Computer: Software
What is the difference between
data and information?
Computers process data into information
Operations involved in information processing cycle :
Information Processing Cycle

Input-Process-Output (IPO) Model

Input Process Output

Storage
Input operations
• This is the first event in the information processing cycle, where data is supplied
for processing and obtaining information.
• Computer receives data and instructions.
• Data may be entered or captured electronically for processing by using various
input devices such as computer keyboard, bar code readers, scanners, or other output
devices
Examples of input operations:
 The computer at Point of Sale counter accepts the Product name and price
captured using barcode Scanner
 The ATM machine accepts user’s debit card information read by the ATM card
reader
 The ATM machine accepts the pin number and amount to withdraw entered by
user through the keypad
Process operations
• Once the input is provided the raw data is processed by a suitable or selected
processing method. This is the most crucial step as it allows for the processed data
in the form of output to be used further.
• Computer applies instructions to data to produce information.
• The operations performed on data may involve arithmetic, comparison or logical
operations which are usually done by CPU (Central Processing Unit) in a
computer

• Examples of process operations:


 computer calculates the total price of all products bought by user
 computer calculates the account balance after the money withdrawal
 computer checks whether the pin number entered matched the card information
Output operations
• The output operation involves the presenting or conveying. Computer
presents or conveys the results of data processing to user.
• Computer sends information to people in a usable format.
• The results or output may be presented in many forms such as printed
or displayed information, in the form of audio as well as video, and even
in the form of movement
• Examples of output operations:
 displays the total amount to be paid on a POS screen
 dispense the money withdrawn through the ATM money dispenser
 Prints the receipt of a purchase made by user o lift the bar at toll gate
Storage operations
• This last operation of information processing cycle is done after the data
has been processed, and while the output is presented to user.
• Computer saves the information for a subsequent use or use in future.
• Storage can be done on hard disk, pen drives, compact discs or other
storage media
• Examples of storage operations:
 computer stores the balance of user’s account after a fund transfer
 computer saves a user’s hotel booking information after a reservation is
made.
 computer saves the latest seat available of a flight after a reservation is
made.
Summary of IPC
Input Process Output Storage
Computer role Accept raw data Process data into Store result for Store result for
Computer accept information future use Computer future use Computer
input from user Computer process saves the saves the
through input the input entered. information to information to
device. storage disk or drive storage disk or drive

User role User enter input User wait for the User may accept or
through input device computer to process reject the result.
the input entered.
Activities Data collection Data Performing Decoding Storing data
capture Encoding instructions Presenting data to
Data transmission Transform raw data user
Data communication into information

Device Keyboard Mouse CPU Monitor ,Projector Hard Disk Tape Pen
Microphone Scanner RAM Printer, Speaker drive
Link For Exercise in GC

https://forms.gle/nBLiFwUmXy6DUvvF7

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