REVIEW

REQUIREMENTS FOR
INTERNET SEARCH
 OBJECTIVES

At the end of the learning period, the students should be able to:
A. discuss the requirements for internet search;
B. use basic functions in different browsers to locate information; and
C. enter appropriate search criteria/or URL, relevant links to locate
the required information.
 TRUE OR FALSE

Web browser is a software application

for accessing information on the World
Wide Web.

TRUE
 TRUE OR FALSE

Also known as a web address, a URL

(Uniform Result Locator) a standardized
naming convention for addressing
documents accessible over the Internet
and Intranet.
FALSE
 TRUE OR FALSE

The "http" stands for

Hypertext Transfer Protocol.

TRUE
 TRUE OR FALSE

A Link is short for hyperlink. It

could be an image or any HTML
elements that direct you to a new
page.

TRUE
 TRUE OR FALSE

When you bookmark a web page, you

are creating a shortcut for quick access
to that web page and can be accessed
anytime even without internet

FALSE
“Collect What You Need, Discard
What You Don't Need”
 Web searching can be a frustrating task. In a
search engine, you enter a word or phrase and comes to
a stack of irrelevant information. The ability to refine
your search is what you need to learn to get exactly
what you want on the net.
Strategies for finding the latest and most
appropriate content include the
following:
 STRATEGIES FOR FINDING THE LATEST AND MOST
APPROPRIATE CONTENT INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:

1. Use different search engine: get used in using multiple search engines as

they have different strengths.

Example: If you're looking for scientific research on climate change, you might

use Google Scholar, PubMed, and ResearchGate in addition to traditional

search engines like Google. Each may yield different results, providing a more

comprehensive view.
 STRATEGIES FOR FINDING THE LATEST AND MOST
APPROPRIATE CONTENT INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:

2. Use specific keywords: In searching, be as specific as you can.

Example: Instead of searching for "healthy recipes," use more specific

keywords like "low-calorie vegetarian recipes" to get more targeted and

relevant results.
 STRATEGIES FOR FINDING THE LATEST AND MOST
APPROPRIATE CONTENT INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:

3. Simplify search terms: remove needless word stops and avoid suffixes.

Example: If you're searching for information on renewable energy

sources, simplify your query by using terms like "solar power," "wind

energy," and "hydropower" instead of a complex sentence.

 STRATEGIES FOR FINDING THE LATEST AND MOST
APPROPRIATE CONTENT INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:

4. Use quotation marks: It narrows the searches for words and phrases in

particular.

Example: If you're interested in articles about artificial intelligence, searching

for "artificial intelligence" in quotes will ensure that the search engine returns

results with that exact phrase, rather than individual occurrences of

"artificial" and "intelligence."

 STRATEGIES FOR FINDING THE LATEST AND MOST
APPROPRIATE CONTENT INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:

5. Remove unhelpful words: just remove confusing or misleading terms

from your searches with the - (minus) operator.
Example: If you want information about jaguars, the animal, and not
the car, you could search for "jaguar -car" to exclude results related to
the car brand.
 STRATEGIES FOR FINDING THE LATEST AND MOST
APPROPRIATE CONTENT INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:

6. Refine your search using operator: use an operator to search for

specific sites, related or relevant sites, and specific combinations of
terms.
Example: If you want to find information about climate change only on
educational websites, you can use the site operator like this: "climate
change site:.edu". This limits results to educational institutions.
 STRATEGIES FOR FINDING THE LATEST AND MOST
APPROPRIATE CONTENT INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:

7. Avoid pitfalls in searching: the internet is a selling tool as well as a fantastic

resource. Be sure you’re only looking at advertisements if you want to.
Example: When searching for the latest smartphones, be cautious of
websites that are focused on selling products. Use reliable review sites or
official manufacturer websites to get unbiased information rather than
falling for promotional content.
 ACTIVITY

Answer the following questions:

 ACTIVITY:
You're researching a school project on renewable energy
and need information about solar power specifically. How
can you use quotation marks to refine your search?
“solar power ”
 ACTIVITY:
2. You're interested in learning about penguins but want
to exclude results related to the cartoon character
"Penguin" from Batman. How can you refine your search?
"penguins -Penguin"
 ACTIVITY:

3. You're looking for definition on computer but

only want results from a trusted source like
Wikipedia. How can you utilize the site operator?
"computer site:wikipedia.org"
 ACTIVITY:
4. You want to find articles about artificial intelligence and
machine learning, but you only want results from
educational institutions. How can you enhance your search
with operators?
"artificial intelligence machine learning site:.edu"
 ACTIVITY:
5. You're planning a trip to New York and need information
about the weather forecast but want to exclude results from
the New York Times newspaper. How can you ensure you get
weather-related information only?
New York weather -site:nytimes.com
 ACTIVITY: GIVE THE CORRECT SEARCH QUERIES TO THE
FOLLOWING SITUATIONS USING VARIOUS SEARCH STRATEGIES
AND OPERATORS.

1. You are a student researching the impact of social media on mental health and
want to find scholarly articles. How can you use operators to refine your search?
2. You are a tech enthusiast looking for the latest smartphone reviews but want to
exclude results from e-commerce websites. How can you refine your search?
3. You're a history buff researching World War II and want information from
government websites. How can you use operators to narrow down your search?
4. You are a health-conscious individual looking for information about the benefits
of meditation, but you want to avoid promotional content. How can you refine
your search?
5. You are planning to buy a new laptop and want reviews from technology forums.
How can you refine your search to target forum discussions?
 BROWSERS

A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is a

software application to obtain information on the World
Wide Web. The web browser will retrieve the necessary
content from a web server and then display the page on
the screen once a user requests a web page from a
specific website
 BROWSERS

A search engine is not the same as a web browser

although they are often confused. Usually, a search engine is
just a website, such as Google Search, Bing, Yahoo, Yandex,
or DuckduckGo, which stores searchable information about
other websites. A user must have a web browser installed to
connect to a web server and display its web pages.
 BROWSERS

Tim Berners-Lee developed the first web

browser, called the World Wide Web in, 1990. On the
year 1991 Nicola Pellow joined to write the Line Mode
Browser which showed the web pages on dumb
terminals.
 BROWSERS

In 1995, Microsoft debuted Internet Explorer which

led to a browser war with Netscape. For two reasons,
Microsoft was able to achieve a dominant position: it
bundled Internet Explorer with its iconic Microsoft
Windows operating system and did so as freeware
without use restrictions.
 BROWSERS

In 1998, Netscape released what would become

the Mozilla Framework, using the open-source
software model to build a new browser. Firefox
achieved a 28% in market share in 2011 which was
first released by Mozilla in 2004.
 BROWSERS

In 2003 Apple released its browser Safari. It

remains the dominant browser on Apple platforms,
although not popular elsewhere.
Google launched its Chrome browser in 2008, since
then, Chrome has remained dominant.
 BROWSERS

In 2003 Apple released its browser Safari. It

remains the dominant browser on Apple platforms,
although not popular elsewhere.
Google launched its Chrome browser in 2008, since
then, Chrome has remained dominant.
 FUNCTION OF WEB BROWSERS

1. To provide the user with resources or information when needed.

2. It processes user inputs in the form of URL like
http://www.google.com in the browser and allow access to that
website.
3. It allows users to browse through the entire web page and view
the source code in HTML format.
 FUNCTION OF WEB BROWSERS

4. It provides access to the data and service available on

the network by the use of encrypted methods. Web pages
usually contain hyperlinks to other sites and resources.
To retrieve information by the user through a browser
and URL a link may help you to redirect to a new page or
site.
 FUNCTION OF WEB BROWSERS

5. It uses web page resources internal cache to improve

loading times for subsequent visits to the same page an
internal cache of web page resources to improve loading
times for subsequent visits to the same page. Many items,
such as large images cache stored in the cache so they do
not need to be downloaded from the server.
 FUNCTION OF WEB BROWSERS

6. It has incognito surfing that requires the use of

firewalls and proxy servers to avoid actions
conducted by the user. It prevents the world from
viewing the activity and allows limited sharing to be
done in incognito mode.
 PRIVACY RULES

Cookies received from various websites are stored by

the browser while browsing. Some have login credentials
or preferences for the site. While others used to monitor
user activity over a long period, so browsers usually have
cookie removal settings when exiting the new window.
 FEATURES

1. It grants users to browse in a private mode and use

bookmarks. Some of them provide a sync service and can be

customized with extensions.

2. It allows several pages to be opened simultaneously, either in

different browser windows or in separate tabs of the same

window.
 FEATURES

3. It has a back and forward button to go back to the previous

page you have visited. The back button was originally invented
around 1967 by Ted Nelson at Brown University.

4. It has a reload and refresh button to restore the current

tab.
 FEATURES

5. It also has a stop button to cancel the page loading. (Stop

button emerged with reload button in some browser.)
6. It has a home button to get back to the home page of the
user.
7. It has an address bar to input and display the page of the
URL.
 FEATURES

8. It has a search bar to input words. (The search bar

emerged with the address bar in some browsers.) Other
browsers also offer distinct features. One example is
text-only browsers that can benefit slow Internet
connection even those with visual impairments.
 SECURITY

- Most hackers use the browser to destroy files, steal

information, and other malicious activities.
- Such security holes are frequently fixed by browser so users
are strongly encouraged to upgrade their browsers.
- Anti-virus software and the avoidance of suspected malicious
websites are two security measures.
 URL

Otherwise known as a web address or URL stands for

Uniform Resource Locator. It is a structured naming
convention for Internet and Intranet accessible file address.
An example of a URL is https://www.depedpasig.com
which is the website URL for the division of Pasig.
 HTTP:// OR HTTPS://

- The "HTTP" stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol.

- It lets the browsers know which protocol they will use to access the
data specified in the domain.
- The "https" protocol is short for "Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure"
and indicates that the data transmitted through HTTP is encrypted
- HTTP or https is followed with colon (:) and two forward slashes (/)
that separate the protocol of the URL.
 WWW

- "www" is the World Wide Web and is used to distinguish the content.
- This part of the URL is not required and might be left out.
- Typing http://www.depedpasig.com for instance will still get to the
DepEd Division of Pasig website.
- This portion of the address can also be substituted for an important
sub-page known as a subdomain.
 DEPEDPASIG.COM

• The domain name for the website is "depedpasig.com". The last part
of the domain is known as the suffix of the domain, or top-level
domain (TLD).
• This is used to describe the website type or location
“.com” for example is short for commercial purposes, “.org” is short for
an agency, and “. gov.ph” is a shortcut for the Philippine government.
 /MEMO/U/

• - The directories where the web page is

• located on the server are "memo" and "u" which contains
memorandum. For this case, the web page is two directories
deep so it will be in the /public_html/memo/u directory to
find the file on the server. The public_html directory is the
default directory that contains the HTML files.
 WORDPRESS.HTM

- Finally, the real web page on the domain that you are browsing is
url.htm.
- The .htm is the file extension of the web page showing that the script
is an HTML file. A lot of file extensions are used
like .jpg, .gif, .php, .asp, .html .cgi, and .xml.
- Each of these file extensions has a different purpose, much like all of
the other file types on your computer.
https://www.techtarget.com/searchcio/
resources/Digital-transformation
https://www.techopedia.com/topic/4/
cybersecurity
https://www.nagb.gov/about-us/quarterly-
board-meetings/2023/2023-august/adc-08-
2023.html
 GROUP ACTIVITY:

Choose 5 URLs from the internet and identify the following on each of
the URLs:
• Protocol
• Subdomain
• Domain
• Domain suffix
• Directories
• Web page
 WHERE IS THE URL LOCATED?

-Depending on your browser window a URL is located at the top of the

browser window in the address bar or Omnibox. On desktop computers and
laptops, the URL will always be visible unless your browser is displayed on
the full screen.

-The address bar containing the URL will disappear in most smartphone and
tablet browsers as you scroll down and only show the domain when viewable
 HOW TO OPEN AN URL?

A URL can be opened by clicking on a hyperlink. For example, if in this

paragraph you click on “hyperlink,” it opens a page explaining the
content of the hyperlinks.
 HOW TO OPEN AN URL?

If a URL is written in a magazine where it is not a hyperlink, the

page may be accessed by typing the URL in the address bar of the
browser. But if it is in an e-mail, you may copy and paste the URL into
the Omnibox of the browser. Nevertheless, it is also necessary to note
that the URL can contain only alphanumeric characters like! $-+*().
Any other characters needed to be encoded in the URL.
 SEARCH ENGINE

A web search engine or Internet search engine is a software

program designed to search the web, meaning systematically searching
the World Wide Web for the relevant information described in a textual
web search query. The results of the search engine are generally
presented in a result line, also referred to as the Search Engine
Results Page (SERPs).
 SEARCH ENGINE

Some search engines like the files in databases or open directories are
available. It could be a combination of links to web sites, photos, videos,
infographics, research papers, posts, and other forms of files. There is part of the
internet called a deep web that is not searchable by a web search engine. They
are hidden mostly contains sensitive and delicate information so do not
attempt to access. Information is real-time by running an algorithm on a web
crawler often hold by human editors and search engines like web archives.
 BOOKMARK

A bookmark may refer to the following:

• A bookmark or electronic bookmark is a way of
saving the address of a web page when connecting
to an Internet browser.
• While using most browsers, pressing Ctrl+D
bookmarks the page you are viewing.
• Are called favorites in Microsoft Internet Explorer.
 BOOKMARK

Tip: You can access your user history if

you want to bookmark a page and have
forgotten its URL.
 WHY USES A BOOKMARK?

Using a bookmark help you find a web page that you want to

look for the following day because the webpage remembers it.

Once you bookmark a web page, a shortcut is created to allow

easy access to that web page. You can always access that

bookmark and view the web page as many times as you want

without having to search the web to find it again.

 HOW TO USE SHORTCUTS TO VIEW
BOOKMARKS?
Below is a list of keyboard shortcuts used to view bookmarks in your

browsers:

● Google Chrome - Ctrl+Shift+O or Cmd+Shift+B on

● Mozilla Firefox - Ctrl+B or Ctrl+Shift+B

● Microsoft Edge - Ctrl+I

● Internet Explorer - Ctrl+I

● Opera - Ctrl+Shift+B
 LINK

A link is an HTML element or short for a hyperlink

that allows you to jump to a new location when you

click or tap. Links are found on nearly every web page

and provide a simple way to navigate between web

pages.
 LINK

• Links can be part of the images, text or other HTML elements.

Many text links are blue since this is the normal web browser

color that is used to view links.

• Nevertheless, links can be any color because the link style can be

modified using either HTML or CSS styles. By default, links were

underlined blue text. Today, underlining links is less common.

 LINK
• Below is an example of the HTML for a text and image link:

• Text Link: <a href="/definition/computer">Computer

Definition</a>

• Image Link:
• <a
href="https://techterms.com/definition/computer"><img
src="/images/computer.jpg" alt="desktop PC"></a>
 RELATIVE AND ABSOLUTE LINKS

• The first link above is an example of a relative link since the domain

name is not included. Instead its link to the current website is relative.
The path starts with the root directory because the connection starts
with a forward slash. Also, the path is relative to the current URL if
there is no relative relation starting with a forward slash.
• While an absolute links includes a domain name just like on the second

link above.
 RELATIVE AND ABSOLUTE LINKS

• Note: Hypertext documents are mostly connected to

anchors (or markers) inside a page rather than other pages,
the “a” in the <a> tag stands for “anchor”. The “href” inside
a <a> stands for “reference to hypertext
 RELATIVE AND ABSOLUTE LINKS

1. What are the requirements for internet search? Give at

least three (3). Discuss each briefly.
2. Using your tablet/desktop or cell phone search on the
internet about the web browser. List down top 5 most
popular browsers