INSTITUTE OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS OF INDIA

GHAZIABAD BRANCH OF
CIRC OF ICAI
SUMBITTED TO:
•
SUMBITTED BY:
MR. ABHINAV SHARMA
ANSHIKA TYAGI
(ITT FACULTY)
CRO0721767

BATCH NO. -
ICITSSITT__GHAZIABAD_29
•
•
 MS
EXCEL
 INDEX
CONTENT SLIDE
NUMBER.
Introduction to MS Excel and Protecting in Excel. 1-5

Statistical Functions, Filters and Shortcut Keys. 6-10

Financial and Mathematical Functions. 11-15

Charts and Graphs in MS Excel. 16-25

Pivot Table and Pivot Charts. 26-30

Cell Referencing. 31-35

Scenario Analysis , Consolidation and Sub Total Function. 36-40

Hyperlink, Dashboard and Conclusion. 41-45

 INTRODUCTION TO MS EXCEL 1

Microsoft excel consists of a proprietary spreadsheet application written

and distributed by Microsoft. Following are the important features :-

Ms Excel is a popular spreadsheet.

Contains Grid, made of cells.

Alpha numeric, text, numeric or formula.

Used for Financial & Non-Financial Data.

Allow multiple sheets.

Used in Planning, Production, Accounting, etc.

 FEATURES OF MS EXCEL 2

Graphing
Tools.

Data Calculations.
Sharing.

FEATURES
Optimize
Memory.
Database.
Remote
Access.
APPLICATION OF MS EXCEL 3

DATA ANALYTICS

FORECASTING

AUTOMATING REPETITIVE TASK

PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT

BUDGET & MANAGEMENT PLANNING

 SPREADSHEET DETAILS 4

1. Quick
Access
Toolbar

2. Ribbon

3.Name Box. 4. Formula Bar.

5.Column Letter.

7.Row Number.
6.Active Cell.

8.Sheet Tab
 WORKBOOK SECURITY 5

PROTECT WORKBOOK PROTECT WORKSHEET

Choose FILE >> INFO >> PROTECT Choose REVIEW >> Changes
WORKBOOK >> ENCRYPT WITH Group >> PROTECT SHEET.
PASSWORD >> Type password >> OK
SHORTCUT KEYS 6

• ALT F4 - Shut Down

• Ctrl shift D - Double underline
• Ctrl A - select all
• Ctrl Z – Undo
• Ctrl N – New workbook
• Ctrl W - For closing workbook
• Ctrl F1 -Hide or show the Ribbon
• Alt Shift D - Date
• Alt Shift T –Time
• Ctrl Shift > - Grow font
• Ctrl Shift < - Shrink font
• Ctrl += - Subscript
• Ctrl Shift + - Superscript
• Ctrl F – Find
• Ctrl H – Replace
• Ctrl Shift + - For adding Row
APPLYING FILTER IN
7

TABLE
CANDIDATE EYE SIGHT HEIGHT(cm) AGE IS ELIGIBLE
RAM Myopic 170 25 yes

SHYAM Normal 175 28 no

GHANSHYAM Normal 168 31 no

MOHAN Myopic 182 22 yes

SOHAN Hypermetropia 171 26 yes

ROHAN Myopic 157 34 no

 8

STATISTICAL FUNCTION IN MS EXCEL

Statistical functions are primarily used to
mathematically process a specified set of cells in a
worksheet. For example, to add values occupying a
large group of cells, you need to use the SUM
function. Functions are more extensively used than
formulas when a mathematical process is applied
to a group of cells.
There are some most common and useful functions. These include the COUNT function, 9
COUNTA function, COUNT IF function and many more. Let’s discuss one by one:
The COUNT function is used to count the number of cells containing a
1. Count function number. Always remember one thing that it will only count the number.

The AVERAGE function is one of the most used intermediate functions.

The function will return the arithmetic mean or an average of the cell in a
2.Average function given range.

COUNTIFS function is the most used function in Excel. The function

3.Count IF will work on one or more than one condition in a given range and
counts the cell that meets the condition.

The MAX function will return the largest numeric value within a
4. Max function
given set of data or an array.
The MIN function will return the smallest numeric value within a given
5. Min function set of data or an array.

The LARGE function is similar to the MAX function but the only
6. Large function difference is it returns the nth largest value within a given set of data or
an array.
7. Small fumction The SMALL function is similar to the MIN function, but the only difference is it
return nth smallest value within a given set of data or an array.
 10

EXAMPLES:

Roll NO. Name Gender ACCOUNTS LAW ECO TAX TOTAL MARKS

101 SAM Female 89 98 65 87 339

102 PAM Male 78 67 86 78 309

103 SITA Female 65 46 78 57 246

104 RITA Female 88 79 95 96 358

105 ROHIT Male 34 78 34 59 205

 11

FINANCIAL FUNCTIONS
Financial function calculates financial information such as net present value
and monthly payments.

Types of financial function

PMT Function: PMT function calculates the period payment for a loan (For the
Borrower or the Lender). Each PMT must be the same. Time period between each
PMT must be the same. Interest rate must remain constant.

RATE function: Calculates the period rate .Each PMT must be the same. Time
period between each PMT must be the same. Interest rate will remain constant
 12
NPER function: Calculates the total number of periods . Each PMT must be the
same. Time period between each PMT must be the same. Interest rate must
remain constant.

FV function: Calculates the future value of an investment, for either a lump sum or a
savings plan .Interest rate must remain constant. Each PMT must be the same. Time
period between each PMT must be the same

NPV Function : It calculates the net present value of an investment based on a

discount rate and a series of future payments (negative values) and incomes (positive
values ).

SLN Function : It returns the straight line depreciation of an asset for one
period.
MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONS
13

Mathematical function provide some of Excel’s most basic functionality ,allowing

you to perform various operations like sum and average.

Types of mathematical function

1) ABS Function : It returns the absolute value of a number , a number without
its sign

2)FACT Function: It returns the factorial of a number. The factorial of a number

is equal to 1* 2* 3*….*number.

3)GCD Function : It returns the greatest common divisor of two or more

integers.
4) INT Function : It rounds a number down to the nearest integer. 14

5) LN Function : It returns the natural logarithm of a number. Natural logarithms

are based on the constant.

6) LOG Function : It returns the logarithm of a number to specified base.

7) MOD Function : It returns the remainder after number is divided by divisor .The
result has the same sign as divisor.

8) MROUND Function: It returns a number rounded to the desired multiple.

9) POWER Function: It returns the result of a number raised to a power. 15

10) RAND Function: It returns an evenly distributed random real number greater than
or equal to 0 and less than 1. A new random real number is returned everytime the
worksheet is calculated.

11) RAND BETWEEN Function : It returns a random integer number between

the numbers specified . A new random integer number is returned every time the
worksheet is calculated.

12) ROUND Function : It rounds a number to a specified number of digits.

13) SUM IF Function: It adds the cells specified by a given condition or criteria.
 16

CHARTS GRAPHS &

REPORTS IN “MS EXCEL”
 17

CREATING CHARTS & GRAPHS ON MS EXCEL

● A chart or graph is a visual representation of a set of data .

● Select the data source with the range of data you want to chart.
● In the Charts group of the insert tab , click a chart type , and then click on
the chart subtype in the Chart gallery .
● In the location grouo of the Charts Tools Design tab , click on the Move
Chart button to place the chart in a chart sheet or embed it into a
worksheet .
 18
CREATING CHARTS & GRAPHS ON MS EXCEL
BAR GRAPH
CREATING CHARTS & GRAPHS ON MS EXCEL 19

PIE CHART
 20
CREATING CHARTS & GRAPHS ON MS
EXCEL
PIVOT CHART
 21

CREATING A COMBINATION CHART

● Select a data series in an existing chart that you want to appear as another
chart type .

● In the Type Group on the Chart Tools Design Tab , click the Change Chart
Type button , and then click the chart type you want .

● Click on the OK Button .

● A combination chart will appear on the screen .

22
 23
EDITING AND REVISING CHART DATA

● Modify the data range that the chart is based on ( do not directly modify data
in the chart .

● If values / labels in data source are changed , chart automatically updates yo

show new content .
24
 25
CONCLUSION

There are certain advantages of using Graphs And Charts , particularly in

Data Analysis
They are :
● It makes the data more presentable and easy to understand .
● By looking at the chart itself one can draw certain inferences or analysis
.
● It helps in summarizing a very large data in a vert crisp and easy
manner .
● It hels in better comparison of data .
 26

INTRODUCTIONTO PIVOT CHART

AND PIVOT TABLE
PIVOT TABLE PIVOT CHART
• Interactive excel report used to • Visualizes the summary data of a
summarize, analyze, and explore pivot table report.
data. • Helps to easily see comparisons,
• Great tools for comparing data patterns and trends.
using cross tabulation.
 27

USES OF PIVOT
TABLE
• Allow users to analyze a large amount of data and identify trends and
patterns between data points.
• Summarize data from table and display it in a more user-friendly
format.
• Pivot Charts provide visual representations of data and allow users to see
how different data points within the table interact with each other.
• Allow users to quickly sort and filter data so they can focus on specific
aspects of the data set at any given time.
 28
STEP-BY-STEP PROCESS TO CREATE
A PIVOT TABLE
1. Select the cells you want to create a PivotTable from.
• NOTE: Your data should be organized in
columns with single header now.
2. Select INSERT > PIVOT TABLE.
3. This will create a PivotTable based on an existing table or range.
• NOTE: Selecting Add this data to the Data
Model will add the table or range being used for
this PivotTable into the workbook’s
Data Model.
 29

4. Choose where you want the PivotTable report to be placed..

Select new worksheet to place the pivot table in a new worksheet or
existing worksheet and select where you want the new pivot table to
appear.

5. Click OK.
The PivotTable is created and you can
adjust and analyse your data using
the PivotTable options and Design
tabs
on the Excel ribbon.
 30

STEP BY STEP PROCESS TO CREATE A

PIVOT CHART
• Select a cell in your table.
• Select PivotTable Tools > Analyze > PivotChart.
• Select a chart and click ok.
 Cell Referencing 31

• Cell Reference
Most formulas we create include references to cells
or ranges. These references enable our formulas to
work dynamically with the data contained in those
cells or ranges.

Each cell on the spreadsheet has a cell address that

is the column letter and the row number.

Cells can contain text , numbers or mathematical

formulae.
 Cell Referencing
32

Types of Cell References

1 2 3
Relative Absolute Mixed
 33

Cell Referencing
Types of Cell References : Relative
This is the most widely used type of cell reference in
formulas.

The row and column references can change when you

copy the formula to another cell because the .
references are actually offsets from the current row
and column.

By default, Excel creates relative cell references in

formulas
 Cell Referencing
34

Types of Cell References : Absolute

The row and column references don’t change when
you copy the formula because the reference is to an
actual cell address.

An absolute reference uses two dollar signs in its

address: one for the column letter and one for the
row number (for example, $A$5)

Now if we copy paste a formula containing a

reference such as $A$5 to any cell the reference
will not change
 35

Cell Referencing
Types of Cell References : Mixed
Either the row or the column reference is
relative, and the other is absolute. Only one of
the address parts is absolute
(for example, $A4 or A$4)
.
If the reference says $A4 it means if we copy
this reference to any other cell the reference
will only offset the column number that is
“$A” but not the row number that is “4”.

Vice versa with A$4

 36

Scenario Analysis
Scenario manager in Excel allows you to change or substitute
input values for multiple cells (maximum up to 32).
Therefore, you can view the results of different input values
or different scenarios at the same time.
After adding different scenarios, we can create a summary
report in Excel from this scenario manager.
From the top of Excel, click the Data menu > On the “Data”
menu, locate the “Data Tools” panel > Click on the “What-If-
Analysis” item and select the “Scenario Manager” in Excel
from the menu.
 37

Scenario manager in Excel is a great tool when you need to do

sensitivity analysis. You can instantly create the summary report in
Excel to compare one plan with the other and decide the Most
Unexceptional alternative plan to get a better outcome.
 38

Consolidation Function
• To summarize and report results from separate worksheets, you can
consolidate data from each sheet into a master worksheet. The
sheets can be in the same workbook as the master worksheet, or in
other workbooks. When you consolidate data, you assemble data so
that you can more easily update and aggregate as necessary.
 39
Sub Total Function
• The SUBTOTAL function in Microsoft Excel returns the subtotal value
from a range of cells. It allows you to use other functions, like AVERAGE
or COUNT, to find custom totals from a dataset.
• You can insert a formula using SUBTOTAL into a range of cells without it
affecting the overall total
 40

Formula Error Messages

• Below is the list of some most common errors that we can find in
the Excel formula:

• #NAME? Error
• #DIV/0! Error
• #REF! Error
• #NULL! Error
• #N/A Error
• ###### Error
• #VALUE! Error
• #NUM! Error
 HYPERLINK 41

A hyperlink is a link from an excel file that opens a web

page or another file when it is created.
Steps to create a hyperlink:
Step:1 On a worksheet ,select the cell where you want
to create the hyperlink.
Step:2 On the insert tab, click on hyperlink....
Step:3 Under Display text; type the text you want to
use to represent the link.
Step:4 Under URL; type the complete uniform resource
locator(URL) of the webpage you want to link to.
 42
Step:5 Select OK.
OR
We can also create hyperlink by just using the
shortcut control + K.
 DASHBOARD 43

A dashboard is a visual display of the most important

information needed to achieve one or more objectives;
Consolidated and arranged on a single screen so the
information can be monitored at a glance.
Benefits of DASHBOARDS
•Better visual presentation of data.
•Easy to highlight exceptional data points.
•Instant visibility of all systems in total.
•Helps in making more informed decisions based on data
collected.
•Helps in generating detailed reports showing new
trends.
 44
CONCLUSION
• Excel is an invaluable tool for consolidation and data
analysis by grouping together related data and
rearranging it in the worksheet ,it becomes easier to
analyze and interpret data in excel.
• Excel helps us to protect cell ,worksheet and
workbooks so that nobody can temper with our excel
sheets.
• In excel through the use of pivot tables we can
examine the data for similarities, differences, highs and
lows. Compare one region to another, by making a few
quick changes to the pivot table, we can see our data
from a completely different angle.
 45
• In excel it is easy to take content/data from another non-
Office application and bring it into an Excel.
• In excel we can also import external data as refreshable/
changing dynamic data.
• Excel is a great tool for analyzing multi-dimensional data.
Slicers and timelines are great features to see reports on
different angles without going to filtering.
• Excel is a great tool for creating interactive and dynamic
dashboard and then analyzing multi-dimensional data in
different ways with the click of button.
• Excel is a very flexible instrument to perform analyses and
what-if scenarios. We use formulas in cells with one or more
input cells to calculate various situations.
THANK YOU