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LESSON 3 - Variables in Quantitative Research

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19 views29 pages

LESSON 3 - Variables in Quantitative Research

Uploaded by

Richard Montero Belandres
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Unit 1: Nature of Quantitative Research

Lesson 3
Variables in Quantitative
Research

Practical Research 2
Senior High School Applied - Academic
Why is there a
need to
understand
the different
variables in
research?

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Learning ● Differentiate the kinds of
Objective variables used in quantitative
s research and their uses.
At the end of the ● Write a research title inline to
lesson, you
should be able to their academic track or strand
do the following:

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1. How do you think our body changes when we eat
nutritious food and exercise regularly?
2. What do you think causes our body to become
unhealthy?

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Variables in Quantitative
Research

Variables are anything that can be


observed by the researchers. A variable
may be a person, thing, place, situation,
or phenomenon.

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Different Variables can be categorized
Types of
depending on the level of
Variables
measurement and role.

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Why is it
important to
understand
the roles of
variables in
research?

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Independent and
Dependent Variables

The independent variable,


Roles of
also called causal variable, is
Variables
presumed to cause the change
towards another variable, which
is known as the dependent
variable or the outcome
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The independent variable may influence
another variable to change. In experimental
research, independent variables may also
be manipulated to examine the specific
effect they may have toward the dependent
variable.

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The dependent variables are the
variables that are influenced by the
independent variables.

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Example:

1. A researcher is determining the effects of self-


motivation on the productivity of employees.
Independent variable: Self-motivation
Dependent variable: Productivity of employees

How do you think self-motivation can have an effect


on employee productivity?

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Mediating Variables

Mediating variables are also known


as intervening variables since
they intervene between the
independent and dependent
variables to show their connection.
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Example
A researcher wants to know the effects of working
seven days a week on the employee’s productivity
level.
Independent variable: Seven-day work week
Dependent variable: Productivity level
Mediating variable: Job satisfaction

What do you think makes job satisfaction the


mediating variable?
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Did you know?

A mediating variable may


act as a dependent variable
and independent variable at
the same time.

17
Moderating Variables

Moderating variables are


variables that have a strong
conditioned effect, which
may modify the relationship
between the independent
and dependent variables.
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Example

A researcher wants to know the effects of


exercising regularly on one’s weight loss.
Independent variable: Regular exercise
Dependent variable: Weight loss
Moderating variable: Gender

What do you think makes gender a moderating


variable?
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Tip

A mediating variable should act as a


dependent variable with respect to the
independent variable and may also cause
change to the dependent variable, while a
moderating variable must not be directly
affected by the independent variable and
should not result to it in any way.
21
Remember

It is important that as researchers, we are


knowledgeable about our variables because
research mainly revolves around them.

22
List down as many variables as you
can with the given phenomena:
Practice ● Climate change
● Political system in the Philippines
● Low customer retention

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Quick Check

These are the four variables that are based


on level of measurement.

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Quick Check

What are the variables that are based on


their role?

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Quick Check

You want to experiment on the use of fish


oil as an aid in enhancing memory
performance among students. Identify the
independent and dependent variables.

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Wrap Up
Variables are anything that can be
subjects for observation done by the
researcher.

Variables vary in terms of their role and


level of measurement in the research.

The level of measurement can be classified as 27


Wrap Up

In terms of the role of variables, there


are independent, dependent,
mediating, moderating, typically
encountered in research writing.

28
Bibliography
Mcleod, Sam. “What are Independent and Dependent Variables?.”
Simply Psychology. August 1, 2019.
https://www.simplypsychology.org/variables.html.

Mcleod, Sam. “Extraneous Variables.” Simply Psychology. July 30, 2019.


https://www.simplypsychology.org/extraneous-variable.html

Trochim, William. “Variables.” Research Methods Knowledge Base.


January 22, 2020.
https://socialresearchmethods.net/kb/understanding-variables/.

Tsang, Tawny. “Mediating and Moderating Variables Explained.”


Psychology in Action. February 16, 2015.
https://www.psychologyinaction.org/psychology-in-action-1/2015/02/0
6/mediating-and-moderating-variables-explained
.
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