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GROUP-11. Assignment-1 (made by 伊思蓝)

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24 views14 pages

GROUP-11. Assignment-1 (made by 伊思蓝)

Uploaded by

tariqul
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Assignment-1

Presents by group-11
Student name ID number
伊思蓝 27180100
马蒙 27180099
海瑞 27180103
纳西姆 27180104
In this assignment we are talking about the
following topics:
Introduction:

what is number system?


It is a system for representing numeric values or quantities
using different symbols (digits).

In early days when there were no means of counting, people


use to count with help of fingers, stones, sticks etc.
After that there are many number system were introduced with
the passage of time like :

Decimal number system


Binary number system
Octal number system
Hexadecimal number system
Decimal number system

The decimal number system consist of ten digits -


0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 with the base 10.

Each number can be used individually or they


can be grouped to form a numeric values as 46,
85, 97, 489 etc.
Binary number system

The binary number system consist of only two


digits - 0 and 1 with the base 2.

All digital computer use this number system and


convert the data input from the decimal format
into its binary equivalent.
such as 01, 101, 1011, 1010 etc.
Explaining binary number system

In normal math we don’t use binary. We were


taught to use our normal number system. Binary is
much easier to do math in than normal numbers
because we only are using two symbols - 1 & 0
instead of ten symbols – 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9.

Computers use binary because they can only read


and store an on or off charge. So, using 0 as “off”
and 1 as “on”, we can use numbers in electrical
wiring.
Convert Decimal to Binary

The method of converting decimal to binary is


repeated-division method. For conversion follow the
rules:
1. Divide the given decimal number with the base 2.
2. Write down the reminder and divide the quotient
by 2.
3. Repeat step 2 till the quotient is zero(0).
Calculation table
Decimal Binary
0 0000

1 0001

2 0010

3 0011

4 0100

5 0101

6 0110

7 0111

8 1000

9 1001

10 1010
Octal number system

The octal number system consist of eight digits-


0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 with the base 8.

Octal numerals can be made from binary by


grouping consecutive binary digits.
Hexadecimal number system

Hexadecimal number system consist of sixteen


digits- 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F with
the base 16.

It uses sixteen distinct symbols, most often the


symbols 0-9 to represent values zero(0) to nine(9)
and A, B, C, D, E, F to represent values ten(10) to
fifteen(15).
Common number systems

Number Base Symbols Used by Used by Example


system human computer

Decimal 10 0, 1, 2, 3 .…. 9 Yes No (47)10

Binary 2 0, 1 No Yes (101)2

Octal 8 0, 1, 2, …… 8 No No (527)8

Hexadecimal 16 0, 1, 2, 3 .…. 9, A, No No (29AC3)16


B ….. F
Turing machine

 The Turing machine was invented in1936 by Alan Turing, who called it
an a-machine (automatic machine).
 A Turing machine is a mathematical
model of computation that defines an
abstract machine, which manipulates
symbols on a strip of tape
according to a table of rules.
Despite the model’s simplicity,
given any computer algorithm,
a Turing machine capable of
simulating that algorithm’s logic
can be constructed.
Relationship
the Turing machine & the present Computer

The relation between the two term is that computer


is a general word, that is used to describe a variety of
phenomena and objects, whereas Turing machine is a
mathematical concept.

A computer is a word that denotes a device that


“computes” i.e., it can process information. Typical
form of computer has memory and can execute
instruction.
A Turing machine is an abstract, idealized,
mathematical model of a computer.
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION
THE END

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