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Conditional Probability

The document presents various problems related to conditional probability, categorizing events as independent or dependent, and calculating their probabilities. It includes examples involving chocolates, cards, COVID-19 infection rates, and survey results from students regarding learning modalities. Additionally, it features a quiz section with problems on community programs and student performance in Mathematics and English.

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Caye Ann Sopsop
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8 views12 pages

Conditional Probability

The document presents various problems related to conditional probability, categorizing events as independent or dependent, and calculating their probabilities. It includes examples involving chocolates, cards, COVID-19 infection rates, and survey results from students regarding learning modalities. Additionally, it features a quiz section with problems on community programs and student performance in Mathematics and English.

Uploaded by

Caye Ann Sopsop
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONDITIONAL

PROBABILITY
Checking of Assignment!
ASSIGNMENT
Determine if the events in each problem are independent or
dependent, then find the probability of the occurrence of the events.

1. A box of chocolates contains ten milk chocolates, eight dark


chocolates, and six white chocolates. Lance randomly chooses
another chocolate, eats it, and then randomly chooses another
chocolate. What is the probability that Lance chooses a milk chocolate
and a dark chocolate?

2. From a standard deck of 52 cards, two cards are drawn at random. If


the first card drawn is returned in the deck of cards before picking the
second card, what is the probability of drawing a numbered card and
then a face card?
1. DEPENDENT EVENTS
Solution:
1st Chosen 2nd Chosen
n(milk) = 10 n(milk) = 9
n(dark) = 8 n(dark) = 8
n(white) = 6 n(white) = 6
n(S) = 24 n(S) = 23
P(milk first) = P(dark second after milk) =
Let A be the event of choosing milk chocolate first
B be the event of choosing dark chocolate after the first chocolate
was eaten
P(A) = P(A) =
2. INDEPENDENT EVENTS
Given:
n(S) = 52
n(numbered card) = 36
n(face card) = 12
Solution:
Let A be the event that the first drawn card is a numbered
card
B be the event that the second drawn card is a face card
P(A) = P(A) =
Learning Objectives:
01 Determine events which
involves conditional probability;

02 Solve problems involving


conditional probability; and

03 Participate in the activities


actively.
“A nurse works in a hospital located in a city with a populationof 3.8
million. Because of the pandemic caused by COVID-19, he assumes that
approximately 0.8% of the city is infected since the citizens do not
practice any precautionary measures like physical distancing, wearing
of masks, and frequent washing/sanitizing of hands.

A man walks into the hospital for consultation, what is the probability
that the man is infected with the virus? Upon consultation, it was found
out that he has a fever and dry cough, very common symptoms of the
virus infection. With this additional information, do you think that the
probability now of the man having COVID-19 could be changed.

This would show that the probability of events could occur


conditionally”
Sample Problem
Three hundred fifty returning OFW’s were quarantined in two different
locations, Nova Hotel and Diplomat Lodge. After the mandatory 14-day
quarantine, they were interviewed whether they were satisfied or dissatisfied
on the services available during the quarantine. The following table
summarizes their responses.
LOCATION SATISIFED DISSATISFIED TOTAL
NOVA HOTEL 143 54 193
DIPLOMAT 127 26 153
LODGE
TOTAL 270 80 350

If the person from the 350 OFW’s is chosen at random, find the
probability that the person
a. Is not satisfied given that he stayed at Diplomat Lodge.
b. Is known to have stayed at Diplomat Lodge and was satisfied.
Activity 2
A survey was conducted among junior and senior high students. They were
asked which modality of learning they preferred for the first semester of the
school year. The results of the survey is as follows:
MODULAR ONLINE BOTH TOTAL

JUNIOR HIGH 290 85 75 450

SENIOR HIGH 217 125 88 430

TOTAL 507 210 163 880

If one student who was in the survey is selected at random, find the
probability of each of the following:
a.The student is from junior high given that he prefers online learning.
b.The student prefers both modalities if he/she is from senior high.
QUIZ (Individual)
Instructions: Read and understand each problem then solve for the
probability in each item. Show your solution.
1. In a certain community, 28% are SAP (Social Amelioration Program)
beneficiaries, 12% are members of 4P’s (Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino
Program), and somehow 2% are beneficiaries of both SAP and 4P’s. If a
citizen from the community is a SAP beneficiary, what is the probability
that he also is a beneficiary of 4P’s?

2. It is commonly said that those who are good in Mathematics are not
good in English. A teacher tried to observe 4 sections of grade 10
students. She recorded that 40% of the surveyed students were good in
Mathematics, 65% were not good in English, and 15% were good in
Mathematics but not in English. What is the probability that a student
chosen at random from the respondents was not good in English,
given that he/she was good in Mathematics?
Thank You
For Listening!!!

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