Scribd
Upload
22 views36 pages

Climate

The document explains the difference between climate and weather, highlighting that climate refers to long-term average weather conditions while weather describes current conditions. It outlines various climate types, factors affecting climate such as latitude, altitude, proximity to water, ocean currents, and topography, and discusses climatic phenomena like climate change, global warming, El Niño, and La Niña. The document emphasizes how these factors and phenomena influence temperature and precipitation patterns globally.

Uploaded by

keanwestlydiosomito
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
22 views36 pages

Climate

The document explains the difference between climate and weather, highlighting that climate refers to long-term average weather conditions while weather describes current conditions. It outlines various climate types, factors affecting climate such as latitude, altitude, proximity to water, ocean currents, and topography, and discusses climatic phenomena like climate change, global warming, El Niño, and La Niña. The document emphasizes how these factors and phenomena influence temperature and precipitation patterns globally.

Uploaded by

keanwestlydiosomito
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 36

CLIMATE

AND
WEATHER
Climate is the average
weather conditions over a
long period of time
- Includes average
temperatures and
precipitation, wind
patterns, humidity, air
pressure
Weather is what
it is NOW,
climate is what it
SHOULD BE.
How is CLIMATE different from
“WEATHER”?
• Weather changes day to day.
• Weather can fall inside normal ranges
or outside of what is expected from
the climate- “above or below
average”
• Climate is the benchmark; what we
expect
Types of Climate
• Tropical Zone – region between 23.5º north and
23.5º south of the equator; sun’s rays are most
intense; generally warm year-round.

• is characterized by high temperatures during all 12


months of the year, with an average temperatures
of more than 64 degrees Fahrenheit or 18 degrees
Celsius.
•Dry/ Arid Climates is
characterized by a deficient
amount of precipitation
throughout the year. Dry
climates include deserts,
such as the Sahara.
• Temperate Zone – region located between 23.5º and
66.5º north and south of the equator; sun’s rays
strike Earth at a smaller angle; hot summers and
cold winters
• recognized as moderate or temperate climates, has
temperatures higher than 50 degrees Fahrenheit or
10 degrees Celsius during warm months, and
temperatures higher than 27 Fahrenheit or 3
degrees Celsius during cold months. Temperate
climates have warm summers and mild winters.
• Polar Zone – the region between 66.5º
north and south of the equator and the
poles; sun’s rays strike at a very low
angle; experience cold temperatures
year-round
• has extremely cold summers and
extremely cold winters. Polar climates
include Antarctica and the North Pole.
THE FACTORS
THAT AFFECT
CLIMATE
As latitude increases,
the intensity of solar
energy decreases
Near the equator, the
sun’s energy strikes the
planet at nearly right
angles, therefore the
sun’s ray’s are more
intense here
How does latitude
affect climate?
As latitude increases
________, the average
annual temperature decreases
Temperature _________.

0° Latitude 90°
How does Altitude affect climate?
As you go up
in altitude,
you go down
in temperature
and sometimes
precipitation
Elevation
• The higher the
elevation is, the
colder the climate
How does elevation
affect climate?

increases the average


As elevation _________,
decreases
annual temperature __________.
Temperature

Elevation
Distance to Large Bodies of Water
Distance to Large Bodies
of Water
Large bodies of water such as lakes and oceans
have an important effect on the temperature of an
area because the temperature of the water body
influences the temperature of the air above it.
Places downwind of a large body of water generally
have cooler summers and milder winters than
places at the same latitude that are farther inland
How does closeness to a large
body of water affect climate?
Water __________
moderates the temperature.
Warmer winters.
Cooler summers. _______
_______
Cities A & B are located
at the same latitude.
City B is closer to a large body of water.

Its temperature line is flatter


(moderated).
Ocean Currents
the continuous,
predictable,
directional
movement of
seawater driven
by gravity, wind
(Coriolis Effect),
and water
How do nearby Ocean Currents affect
the climate?
• Warm and cold
ocean
currents bring
warm moist
air near to
coastal areas.
Prevailing winds
Prevailing
winds are winds that blow
predominantly from a single
general direction over a
particular point on the Earth's
surface.
How do Prevailing winds affect
climate?
• Prevailing winds (like
the Trade Winds)
regulate climate
• Winds bring storms,
air masses of
different
temperatures
TOPOGRAPHY
- the study of the forms
and features of land
surfaces. The topography
of an area may refer to
the land forms and
features themselves, or a
description or depiction in
TOPOGRAPHY
• Topographic features such as mountains
play an important role in the amount of
precipitation that falls over an area
• Heavy precipitation often falls on the
windward side of mountains
• By the time the air reaches the leeward
side, much of the moisture is lost (rain
shadow)
• Rain shadows can extend for hundreds of
kilometers downwind of a mountain range
Topography
How does the
topography
affect climate?
Windward Side: ___________
cool, moist
Leeward Side: _____________
warm, dry
Climatic
Phenomena
Occurring on a
Global Level
CLIMATE CHANGE
a change which is attributed directly or
indirectly to human activity that alters
the composition of the global atmosphere
and which is in addition to natural
climate variability observed over
comparative time periods
GLOBAL WARMING
Global warming is an aspect of climate
change, referring to the long-term rise of the
planet's temperatures. It is caused
by increased concentrations of greenhouse
gases in the atmosphere, mainly from
human activities such as burning fossil fuels,
and farming.
Global warming is the change in the
climate of the earth causing it to heat
up whereas the greenhouse effect is a
naturally occurring phenomena,
constantly occurring due to the
atmosphere and sunlight.
EL NIÑO AND LA NIÑA
- climate patterns in
the Pacific Ocean
that can affect
weather worldwide.
El Niño
• Scientist blame El Niño for
severe droughts and floods
in Peru, eastern Africa and
in Indonesia
• Resulted from the combination
of wind, temperature and effects
of water in the Pacific
• Takes place in Christmas
season as it also refers to the
child Jesus born on Christmas
day
• Forms warmer water that
pushes energy and
moisture in the
atmosphere causing
changes in global wind
and rainfall pattern.
La Niña
• Spanish term for a girl
• Brings heavy clouds that form
in western Pacific due to the
winds from the east which
becomes so strong cooling
more of the Pacific

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy