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Lecture 1

The document outlines the structure and components of a Computer Networks course, including delivery methods, assessment criteria, and essential learning resources. It covers various network devices such as repeaters, hubs, switches, and routers, along with their functionalities and classifications of networks like LANs. Additionally, it discusses network topologies, media access control protocols, and standards like IEEE 802.3, 802.4, and 802.5.

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13 views43 pages

Lecture 1

The document outlines the structure and components of a Computer Networks course, including delivery methods, assessment criteria, and essential learning resources. It covers various network devices such as repeaters, hubs, switches, and routers, along with their functionalities and classifications of networks like LANs. Additionally, it discusses network topologies, media access control protocols, and standards like IEEE 802.3, 802.4, and 802.5.

Uploaded by

manulaweerarathne.greatview
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Networks

EC 2403
Lecture 01

Charith Sucharitharathna

+940707070101
charith.s@sliit.lk

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering


Method of delivery
Lecture 2 hours/week
Tutorial 1 hour/week
Lab practical 2 hours/ 2weeks

Important

Do not miss any lecture, lab session or


tutorial as both the
mid-term and semester end examination will
be based on all 3 components of delivery.
Assessment Criteria

Mid-term examination 20%


Assignment / Lab 20%
Semester end examination 60%
Learning Resources
 Data Communications, Computer Networks, and Open Systems (4 th
Edition) – Fred Halsall
 Data and Computer Communications (8th Edition) – William Stallings
 Data Communications and Networking (2nd Edition) – Behrouz A.
Forouzan
Network Devices
Outline
 Network Devices

 Repeater

 Hub

 Switch

 Routers
Collision Domain
A collision domain is a network segment
connected by a shared medium or through
repeaters where simultaneous data
transmissions collide with one another.

Broadcast Domain
A broadcast domain is a logical division of a
computer network, in which all nodes can
reach each other by broadcast at the data
link layer.
Repeater
Repeater Cont.

 One Collision Domain


 One Broadcast Domain
Hub

 Operates in physical layer


Hub Cont.

 One Collision Domain


 One Broadcast Domain
Install a LAN using a Hub

Required
 Hub

 UTP cables

 RJ45 connectors

 Network Interface Card UTP cable HUB


Network
Interface Card

RJ 45 connector
Network Interface Card (NIC)

 NIC is the interface between computer and LAN media

 Operates in half duplex / full duplex mode

NIC performs
 Carrier sense

 Conversion of binary signal to

Manchester coded signal


 Media access control
Switch

 An intelligent device
Operates in layer 2 – layer2 switch
Operates in layer 3 – layer3 switch
 Operates in half duplex / full duplex mode
 Supports 10Mb/s and 100 Mb/s
Switch Cont.

 When switch receives a frame, it analyzes frame and

obtains destination MAC address


 Then it refers MAC address table and find the port to which

the destination address host is connected


Switch Cont.

1 Broadcast Domain 3 Collision Domains


Router

 Routers can be used to connect


- dissimilar types of LANs
Router Cont.

WAN port can be connected


to a
PSTN – Dial Up Connection

Leased Line

Frame Relay

ISDN

ADSL

IP-VPN
Router Cont.
Router Cont.

4 Broadcast Domains 4 Collision Domains


Router Switch Hub

Port 3 port 24 Port 16 Port

CD 3 24 1

BD 3 1 1
Classification of
Networks

 Based on the covered geographical distance (size or scale)


Local-Area Networks
(LANs)

 Connects a set of devices in a relatively small geographical

area to exchange information and share resources


LAN Features

 Smaller Scope (Building or Small Campus)


 Usually owned by same organization
 Data rates are much higher
 Usually broadcast systems
 Easy to manage
LANs cont.

Technologies Devices

 Ethernet  Repeaters
 Fast Ethernet  hubs
 Gigabit Ethernet  LAN switches
 Token Ring

 Token Bus
Network Topology

 The way in which a network is physically laid out (physical


structure)
Mesh Topology

 Every device has a dedicated point-to-point link to every

other device
Star Topology
Bus Topology

Share a common media


Ring Topology

Share a common media


Broadcast Networks

 Bus Topology
 Ring Topology
Media Access Control
(MAC)
 When several stations are sharing a common link a protocol is

needed to coordinate access to the link


- Only one can transmit at a time
- If several stations transmit at same time, their frames
collide and become corrupted (collision)
CSMA/CD
 Station senses the link before start to transmit the signal
( Carrier Sense – CS )
 So, multiple computers access media at different times
( Multiple Access – MA )
 Once the station starts to transmit, it monitors the medium to
see if transmission is successful (Collision Detection – CD)
 If collision detected, the station stops the transmission
immediately
 It will retransmit the signal, when medium is free
Control Token

 A small frame (Token) is continuously going through the

media
 If the station wants to transmit the signal it should checks

the token in the media


 If the token is available, station gets the token and

transmits the signal


 After the transmission station releases the token
IEEE 802.3 Ethernet
IEEE 802.4 – Token Bus
IEEE 802.5 – Token Ring

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