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Vectors

The document provides an overview of vectors, including their properties, addition, scalar multiplication, and components. It contains multiple reading quizzes and class questions to assess understanding of vector concepts such as displacement, vector decomposition, and coordinate systems. The material emphasizes the distinction between vectors and scalars and illustrates how to manipulate and analyze vectors in various contexts.

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nitin marwah
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109 views33 pages

Vectors

The document provides an overview of vectors, including their properties, addition, scalar multiplication, and components. It contains multiple reading quizzes and class questions to assess understanding of vector concepts such as displacement, vector decomposition, and coordinate systems. The material emphasizes the distinction between vectors and scalars and illustrates how to manipulate and analyze vectors in various contexts.

Uploaded by

nitin marwah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Vectors

Vector Properties
Vector Addition
Scalar Multiplication
Vector Components
Reading Quiz
How many hours did you spend working on the homework?

1) zero.
2) ½ an hour.
3) one hour.
4) one and a-half hours.
5) two hours.
Reading Quiz
This picture from your text is trying to illustrate

1) that displacement is a vector.


2) that vectors are used to
describe displacement.
3) that the sum of distance is
displacement.
4) that distance and displacement
are different.
5) that it is hard to water ski on
a curved river.
Reading Quiz
This picture from your text is trying to illustrate

1) that displacement is a vector.


2) that vectors are used to
describe displacement.
3) that the sum of distance is
displacement.
4) that distance and displacement
are different.
5) that it is hard to water ski on
a curved river.
Reading Quiz
This figure from your text is illustrating
1) that the sum of two vectors is a vector.
2) that displacement is a vector.
3) that vectors are independent of location.
4) that distance is different from displacement.
5) that Sam’s house is south of Bill’s house.
Reading Quiz
This figure from your text is illustrating
1) that the sum of two vectors is a vector.
2) that displacement is a vector.
3) that vectors are independent of location.
4) that distance is different from displacement.
5) that Sam’s house is south of Bill’s house.
Reading Quiz
What is a vector?
1) A quantity having both size and direction
2) The rate of change of velocity
3) A number defined by an angle and a magnitude
4) The difference between initial and final displacement
5) None of the above
Reading Quiz
What is a vector?
1) A quantity having both size and direction
2) The rate of change of velocity
3) A number defined by an angle and a magnitude
4) The difference between initial and final displacement
5) None of the above
Reading Quiz
What is the name of the quantity represented as
1) Eye-hat
2) Invariant magnitude
3) Integral of motion
4) Unit vector in x-direction
5) Length of the horizontal axis
Reading Quiz
What is the name of the quantity represented as
1) Eye-hat
2) Invariant magnitude
3) Integral of motion
4) Unit vector in x-direction
5) Length of the horizontal axis
Reading Quiz
To decompose a vector means
1) To break it into several smaller vectors.
2) To break it apart into scalars.
3) To break it into pieces parallel to the axes.
4) To place it at the origin.
5) This topic was not discussed in Chapter 3.
Reading Quiz
To decompose a vector means
1) To break it into several smaller vectors.
2) To break it apart into scalars.
3) To break it into pieces parallel to the axes.
4) To place it at the origin.
5) This topic was not discussed in Chapter 3.
Vectors
A vector is defined as a mathematical quantity with
magnitude and direction.

• displacement
• temperature
• velocity
• pressure
• acceleration

A scalar is a mathematical quantity that has


magnitude only
Vectors
Vector addition The resultant (sum) is
   a vector from the tail
A  B C of the first to the head
of the last

 
A Place vectors  B
head-to- tail
C
 
B A
Vectors
Scalar multiplication of a vector
     
cA B cA  B  cA  cB
Vectors

Vector Properties
   
A  B B  A

     
A  B  C  A  B  C 
Class Quiz
Which figure shows

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)


Class Quiz
Which figure shows

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)


Student Workbook

No, in order to have the smallest magnitude they must


be antiparallel. Thus, for a zero total magnitude they
must have the same magnitude.

No, in order to have zero magnitude both components


must be zero. Thus, for a vector to be zero the
magnitude of both components must be zero.

A  A2x  A2y
Vectors
Coordinate System and Vector Components

II I

Ay

Ax
III IV
  2  Ay
AAA cos
A  A2y
Ax  Ay Asin
tan 1 
x Ax
Vectors
Components
Vectors
Components
Student Workbook

Ay positive Ax negative
Ax negative Ay negative Ax negative
Ay 0
Student Workbook
Don’t forget units like Randle Knight did!

m 3150 or -450

5m*cos(1300) = - 4.92m 4m*cos(2100) = - 3.95m 4m*cos(-450)


5m*sin(1300) = 3.83m 4m*sin(2100) = - 0.63m 5m*sin(-450)
Class Question
What are the x- and y-components Cx and Cy of vector

1) Cx= –3 cm, Cy = 1 cm
2) Cx= –4 cm, Cy = 2 cm
3) Cx= –2 cm, Cy = 1 cm
4) Cx= –3 cm, Cy = –1 cm
5) Cx= 1 cm, Cy = –1 cm
Class Question
What are the x- and y-components C and C of vector
x y

1) Cx= –3 cm, Cy = 1 cm
2) Cx= –4 cm, Cy = 2 cm
3) Cx= –2 cm, Cy = 1 cm
4) Cx= –3 cm, Cy = –1 cm
5) Cx= 1 cm, Cy = –1 cm
Vectors
Components and Unit Vectors
Student Workbook
Student Workbook

3iˆ 1 ˆj  1iˆ  2 ˆj
Student Workbook
 2  A2 Ay
A A  Ax y  tan 1
Ax

( 2m)2  (2m)2  8m
tan  1 ( 2m / 2m ) 450
Vectors
It also works for more than two vectors.

Rx Ax  Bx Cx
R y Ay  B y C y
Vectors
Coordinate System with a Tilted Axes
Student Workbook

3450 or -150

Ay or Ay ˆj


Ax or Axiˆ

5m*cos(600) = 2.50m 5m*cos(-150)


5m*sin(600) = 4.33m

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