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Polynomials Class10 Styled Presentation

Polynomials are algebraic expressions composed of variables, coefficients, and non-negative integer exponents, with the degree being the highest power of the variable. Key concepts include the types of polynomials based on terms, operations on them, and the Remainder and Factor Theorems. Additionally, for quadratic polynomials, the relationships between the zeroes and coefficients are defined by their sum and product.

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48 views10 pages

Polynomials Class10 Styled Presentation

Polynomials are algebraic expressions composed of variables, coefficients, and non-negative integer exponents, with the degree being the highest power of the variable. Key concepts include the types of polynomials based on terms, operations on them, and the Remainder and Factor Theorems. Additionally, for quadratic polynomials, the relationships between the zeroes and coefficients are defined by their sum and product.

Uploaded by

markkisaac
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Polynomials

Class 10 Mathematics
Your Name | School Name | Date
Introduction to Polynomials

A polynomial is an expression consisting of variables (also called indeterminates),


coefficients, and non-negative integer exponents.

Example: 3x² + 2x − 5

Terms: Monomial, Binomial, Trinomial


Degree of a Polynomial

Degree = highest power of the variable

Examples:
5x³ + 2x² − 1 → Degree = 3
Constant term 7 → Degree = 0

Types:
Linear (Degree 1)
Quadratic (Degree 2)
Cubic (Degree 3)
Types of Polynomials Based on Terms

Monomial: One term → 7x


Binomial: Two terms → x + 5
Trinomial: Three terms → x² + 2x + 1
Multinomial: More than three terms
Operations on Polynomials

Addition & Subtraction: Combine like terms


Multiplication: Distributive property, FOIL

Example:
(x + 2)(x + 3) = x² + 5x + 6
Zeroes of a Polynomial

The value(s) of x for which f(x) = 0


Graphical Meaning: Points where the curve cuts the x-axis

Example: f(x) = x² − 4 has zeroes at x = −2, 2


Remainder Theorem

If a polynomial f(x) is divided by (x − a), then the remainder = f(a)

Example:
f(x) = x² − 3x + 2, find remainder when divided by x − 1
f(1) = 1 − 3 + 2 = 0
Factor Theorem

If f(a) = 0, then (x − a) is a factor of f(x)


Useful for factorizing polynomials

Example:
f(x) = x² − 5x + 6
f(2) = 0, so x − 2 is a factor
Relationship Between Zeroes and Coefficients

For quadratic polynomial ax² + bx + c:


Sum of zeroes = −b/a
Product of zeroes = c/a

Example: x² − 5x + 6: Sum = 5, Product = 6


Summary

• Polynomials are algebraic expressions with variables and non-negative integer


exponents.
• The degree is the highest power of the variable.
• Zeroes of a polynomial are the values that make it zero.
• Remainder Theorem: When divided by (x − a), remainder = f(a).
• Factor Theorem: If f(a) = 0, then (x − a) is a factor of f(x).
• For ax² + bx + c:
- Sum of zeroes = −b/a
- Product of zeroes = c/a

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