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肺水腫

維基百科,自由的百科全書
肺水腫
Pulmonary edema
又稱Pulmonary oedema
肺水腫,兩側有少量胸腔積液
類型呼吸衰竭respiratory signs and symptoms[*]疾病
分類和外部資源
醫學專科心臟病學, 重症醫學
ICD-11CB01
DiseasesDB11017
MedlinePlus000140
eMedicine360932
[編輯此條目的維基數據]

肺水腫(pulmonary edema)俗稱「肺積水」[1],是由各種原因引起肺泡腔內含有水腫液的臨床症候群[2],其發病機制是因肺臟血管淋巴管組織之間液體交換功能紊亂所致的肺含水量增加,肺間質和肺泡內均有液體聚集[3]

肺水腫的臨床表現為呼吸困難、發紺、咳嗽、咳白色或粉紅色泡沫痰,兩肺散在濕囉音,X線表現為兩肺蝶形片狀模糊陰影,是臨床急症之一[4]。常發生在充血性心力衰竭時,如心臟瓣膜疾病左心衰竭導致肺充血、水腫[5],或由肺泡間隔血管的直接損傷所致[6]

肺水腫會導致氣體交換出現障礙,並可能引發呼吸衰竭。引發肺水腫的原因有兩種,一種稱為心源性肺水腫,是由於心臟左心室充盈壓升高,使得血漿毛細血管滲出到肺間質和肺泡,從而引起肺水腫[7],另一種稱為非心源性肺水腫,肺部中的薄壁組織或肺血管出現損傷,也會產生肺水腫。

參考文獻

[編輯]
  1. ^ 肺水腫頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)KB康健知識庫
  2. ^ Dorland's illustrated medical dictionary 32nd. Saunders/Elsevier. : 593. ISBN 9781416062578. 
  3. ^ Ware LB, Matthay MA. Clinical practice. Acute pulmonary edema. N Engl J Med. 2005 Dec 29;353(26):2788-96. doi: 10.1056/NEJMcp052699. PMID 16382065.
  4. ^ Assaad S, Kratzert WB, Shelley B, Friedman MB, Perrino A. Assessment of Pulmonary Edema: Principles and Practice (PDF). Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia. April 2018, 32 (2): 901–914. PMID 29174750. doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2017.08.028. 
  5. ^ Schlant RC, Nutter DO. Heart failure in valvular heart disease. Medicine (Baltimore). 1971 Sep;50(5):421-51. doi: 10.1097/00005792-197109000-00002. PMID 4940718.
  6. ^ Newman JH. Lung vascular injury. Chest. 1988 Mar;93(3 Suppl):139S-146S. doi: 10.1378/chest.93.3_supplement.139s. PMID 2830084.
  7. ^ 默沙東診療手冊. 肺水肿. (原始內容存檔於2021-03-17). 
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