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Regression Formula

A regression is a statistical analysis assessing the association between two variables. To find regression equation, we will first find slope, intercept and use it to form regression equation.

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362 views2 pages

Regression Formula

A regression is a statistical analysis assessing the association between two variables. To find regression equation, we will first find slope, intercept and use it to form regression equation.

Uploaded by

Andreea Bardas Glavan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as ODT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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http://easycalculation.com/statistics/learn-regression.

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Regression Definition:
     A regression is a statistical analysis assessing the association between two variables. It is used to
find the relationship between two variables.

Regression Formula:
Regression Equation(y) = a + bx
Slope(b) = (NΣXY - (ΣX)(ΣY)) / (NΣX2 - (ΣX)2)
Intercept(a) = (ΣY - b(ΣX)) / N

where
              x and y are the variables.
              b = The slope of the regression line
              a = The intercept point of the regression line and the y axis.
              N = Number of values or elements
              X = First Score
              Y = Second Score
              ΣXY = Sum of the product of first and Second Scores
              ΣX = Sum of First Scores
              ΣY = Sum of Second Scores
              ΣX2 = Sum of square First Scores

Regression Example: To find the Simple/Linear Regression of

X Values Y Values
60 3.1
61 3.6
62 3.8
63 4
65 4.1

  To find regression equation, we will first find slope, intercept and use it to form regression equation..

  Step 1: Count the number of values.


      N=5

  Step 2: Find XY, X2


            See the below table

X Value Y Value X*Y X*X


60 3.1 60 * 3.1 = 186 60 * 60 = 3600
61 3.6 61 * 3.6 = 219.6 61 * 61 = 3721
62 3.8 62 * 3.8 = 235.6 62 * 62 = 3844
63 4 63 * 4 = 252 63 * 63 = 3969
65 4.1 65 * 4.1 = 266.5 65 * 65 = 4225

  Step 3: Find ΣX, ΣY, ΣXY, ΣX2.


            ΣX = 311
            ΣY = 18.6
            ΣXY = 1159.7
            ΣX2 = 19359

  Step 4: Substitute in the above slope formula given.


            Slope(b) = (NΣXY - (ΣX)(ΣY)) / (NΣX2 - (ΣX)2)
            = ((5)*(1159.7)-(311)*(18.6))/((5)*(19359)-(311)2)
            = (5798.5 - 5784.6)/(96795 - 96721)
            = 13.9/74
            = 0.19

  Step 5: Now, again substitute in the above intercept formula given.


            Intercept(a) = (ΣY - b(ΣX)) / N
            = (18.6 - 0.19(311))/5
            = (18.6 - 59.09)/5
            = -40.49/5
            = -8.098

  Step 6: Then substitute these values in regression equation formula


            Regression Equation(y) = a + bx
            = -8.098 + 0.19x.

Suppose if we want to know the approximate y value for the variable x = 64. Then we can substitute
the value in the above equation.

            Regression Equation(y) = a + bx
            = -8.098 + 0.19(64).
            = -8.098 + 12.16
            = 4.06

This example will guide you to find the relationship between two variables by calculating the
Regression from the above steps.

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