Inequation & Equation Solutions

Ex.1(A)
1.
1 5
2 1
+
+ =
+
x x
x x


( )
5 1
2
1
x x
x x
+ +
=
+

2(2x +1) = ( ) 5 1 x x +
4(2x +1)
2
=x (x +x
2
)
16 x
2
+4 +16x =25x +x
2

9x
2
+9x 4 =0
(3x 1) (3x +4) =0

1
3
x =

only satisfies
Ans (b)
2. logx(x +3)
2

x =16
( )
log
2
3 16
x
x
x
(
+ =


(x +3)
2
=16
x
2
+6x 7 =0
(x+7) (x 1) =0
x =7 , 1
According to definition of logarithm no value satisfies.
Ans : (d)

3.
3 9
10 10
log ( 1) log ( 1) x x <

3 3
10 10
1
log ( 1) log ( 1)
2
x x <

1/2
3 9
10 10
log ( 1) log ( 1) x x <
(x 1) >(x 1)
1/2

(x 1)
2
>(x 1)
(x 1)
2
(x 1) >0
(x 1) [x 2) >0
Using wavy curve method,
x c (, 1) u (2, )
Ans : (a)
4. log
4
((x 1) = log
2
((x 3)

1
2
log
2
(x 1) log
2
(x 3) =0

2
1
log 0
3
x
x
| |

=
|
|

\ .


1
1
3
x
x

x 1 =(x 3)
2

x
2
7x +10 =0
x =5, 2
According to the definition of logarithm x =2 is rejected.
x =5 is the only solution
Ans : (b)
5. f(n) =log
2002
n
2

Now, N =f(11) +f(13) +f(14)
=log
2002
(11
2
) +log
2002
(13)
2
+log
2002
(14)
2

=log
2002
(11
2
. 13
2
. 14
2
)
=2 log 2002
Case 1 : x s - 4
-(x +4) (5 x) =9
-9 =9 (haha..)
no solution in this region - 1
Case II
-4<x s 5
(x +4) +(5 x) =9
9 =9 (always true)
all value satisfies
x >5 (3)
From 1, 2, 3 x c [5, ]
Ans : (b)
6. Given root are 1, i 5
We know that complex root always exists as a pair.
3
rd
root is also present and its-i 5
(x 1) (x +i 5) (x - i 5) =0
(x 1) (x
2
+5) =0 [ i
2
=-1)
x
3
x
2
+5x 5 =0
Ans : (d)
7. |x 1| +|5 2x| =|3x 6|
The options are such that, we can do by guess work.
Put x =0 (simplest)
It stratifies [active method is given in Q.1]
Ans : (d)
8. |x +4| - |5 x| =9
Here, x =-4 and x =5 are the critical point
9. x +y =1 (1)
x
3
+y
3
=19 (2)
squaring (1), x
2
+y
2
+2xy =1
x
2
+y
2
=1 2xy ..(3)
For xy,
(2) (x +y)
3
3xy (x +y) =19
1 3xy =19
xy =-6
(3) x
2
+y
2
=13
ans : (d)
10. 3
x +1
=
6
2
log
6
3
x +1
=
6
2
log
6 [
log
x
b
a =
log
a
b
x ]
x +1 =
6
2
log
x =
6
2
log 1
=
6 2
2 2
log log
=
2
6
log
2
| |
|
\ .

=
3
2
log
Ans (a)
11. log
11
1
1
3
| |

|
\ .
+log
11
1
1
4
| |

|
\ .
+. +log
1
1
242
| |

|
\ .

= log
11
2
3
| |
|
\ .
+log
11
3
4
| |
|
\ .
+.. log
11
241
242
| |
|
\ .

= log
11

2 3 4 241
. . . ...........
3 4 5 242
(
(


= log
11

2
242
(
(


= log
11
1
121
(
(


= log
11
1
(121)

(


= -2 log
11

= -2
Ans (b)
12. a =log
3
5 and b =log
17
25
a =
5
1
log 3
and b =
5
2
log 17

in a denominator is a faction and in b denominator is greater than 1
a>b
13. 2 log
2
(x
2
+3x) > 0
2 > log
2
(x
2
+3x)
4 > x
2
+3x
x
2
+3x 4 s 0
(x +4) (x 1) s 0
x c [-4, 1] .(1)
According the validity of log function,
x
2
+3x >0
x(x +3) >0
x c (-, -3) U (0, ) (2)
From (1) & (2)
x c [-4, 3] U [0, 1]
Ans (b)
14. for s
1

x =
11
log 7 ; y =
7
log 11
xy =1 x =
1
y

y in 7 x in 11
=
1
11 yIn In
y
e


=
2
7 11 y In In
y
e

=
( )
7
log 11 log7 11 In
y
e

=
ln7 11 ln
y
e

= e
0

= 1
Ans (T)
For S
1
: Take any freetion from given method Ans : F
For S
2
: by
25
(2 +tan
2
u) =0.5
2 +tan
2
u =(25)
1/2

tan
2
u =3
tan
2
u =tan
2
1
2

u =n
2

15. y =
1
2
2
|log |
log
x
x

=
( )
2
2
| 1 log |
log
x
x

=
2
2
|log |
log
x
x

For 0 <x <1, log
2
x <0
y =-1 And for x >1, log
2
x >0
y =-1 for x =1, its undefined
Ans : (c)

16. |x 1| s 3 and |x 1| > 1
-3 s x 1 s 3 x 1 s - 1 or x 1 > 1
-2 s x 1 s 3 x s 0 or x > 2
-2s x s 4 ..(4) xe (-, 0) U [2, ] . from (1) & (2)
17. if log
2
7 =
p
q
(a rational)
7 =2
p/q

Right hand side will need K odd
contradictory
Itss andirrational
Ans : (c)
18.
( )
3 5
log2 2 log2
4 4
2 ......(1)
x x
x
+
=
at log
2
x =t
(1)
2
3 5
1/2
4 4
2
t t
x
+
=

( )
2
3 5
1/2
4 4
2
log log 2
t t
x
+ | |
=
|
\ .


2
3 5 1
4 4 2
t t t
| |
+ =
|
\ .

(3t
2
+4t 5) t =2
3t
2
+4t
2
5t 2 =0
(t 1) (3t
2
+7t +2) =0
(t 1) (3t +1) (t +2) =0
t =+1,
3
4

, -2
For t =1, log
2
x =1 x =2
For t =
3
4

, log
2
x =
3
4

x =
1
3 2

Fro t =-2, log
2
x =-2 x =
1
4

19. 2 log
10
x log
x
(0.01) = 2log
10
x log
x
(10
2
)
=2 log
10
x +2log
x
10
=2[log
10
x +log
x
10]
> 4 [A.M > G.M]
Ans : (d)
20. log
0.4
(x 5) <log
0.16
(x 5)
Log
0.4
(x 5) <log
(0.4)
(x 5)
x 5 > 5 x
(x 5)
2
>x 5
x
2
11x +30 >0
x e (-, 5) U (6, )
Ans : (d)
21. log
16
x +log
4
x +log
2
x =7

1
4
log
2
x +
1
2
log
2
x +log
2
x =7

1
1/2
4
2
log . . 7
| |
=
|
\ .
x x x

7
7
4
2 = x

( )
4
7 4
7
2 2 = = x
x =16
22. log
3
(x +2) (x +4) +log
1/3
(x +2)
3
1
log 7
2


3
( 2)( 4)
log 0
( 2)7
( + +
<
(
+

x x
x


( 4)
1
7
+
<
x
x <3 ..(1)
From definition of log, x +2 >0
x >- 2 ..(2)
23. conceptual
24.
( ) 7 7
log log 7 7 7
| |
|
\ .

=log
7
(log
7
7)
=log
7
1
=0
25. Take x +y +z =log
a
(bc) +log
b
(ca) +log
c
(ab)
=not matching
- 1
Take (1 +x)
1
+(1 +y)
1
+(1 +3)
1

=(1 +logabc)
1
+logbca)
1
+(1 +logcab)
1

= (log
a
a +log
a
bc)
1
+(log
b
b +log
b
ca)
1
+(log
c
c +log
c
ab)
1

=log
abc
a +log
abc
b +log
abc
c
=log
abc
abc
=1

26. 1 +abc =1 +
log12 log24 log36
log24 log36 log48

=1 +log
48
12
=log
48
48 +log
48
12
1 +abc =log
48
(48 12) =log
48
(24)
2

Now, option (c) =
log24 log36
2
log36 log48

=2 log
48
24
=log
48
(24)
2

27. x =log
5
(100) y =log
7
2058
x =3 +log
5
8 ..(1) y =3 +log
7
6 .(2)
from (1) & (2) it obvious
x >y
Ans (a)
28. 27
1/x
+12
1/x
2.8
1/x
=
1/ 1/
27 8
1 2. 0
12 12
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .
x x


1/ 1/
9 2
1 2. 0
4 3
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .
x x


2
1/ 1/
3 2
1 2 0
2 3
(
| | | |
+ =
(
| |
\ . \ .
(

x x

Put
1/
3
2
| |
=
|
\ .
x
t

2 3
2
1 0 2 0 + = + = t t t
t

(t 1) (t
2
+t +2) =0
t =1
1 1
0
3 3 3
1
2 2 2
| | | | | |
= =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
x x

1
0 . = = x no solution
x

29.
2
12
4 9

+
x
x

s 1
144x
2
s 16x
4
+81 +72x
2

16x
4
72x
2
+81 > 0
(4x
2
9)
2
> 0
Its always true.
option (A) is correct.
30.
( ) 1 1
| 1 .( 1)
+ +
+ + = +
x x
x x
x x

( 1)
.( 1)
+
+
x
x
x
> 0

2
( 1) + x
x
> 0

1
x
> 0
x >0
x e (0, ) U {- 1}
Ans (b)
31.
1
72
1 1
3 . 1
3 3
| | | |
>
| |
\ . \ .
x
> 0

72
1
1
3 . 1
3
+
>
x

( )
72 1
3 1
+
>
x

71
3 1

>
x

71 0
3 3

>
x

71 0 > x
71 < x

2
(71) < x
0 s x <(71)
2

32. 5
x
+
( )
2
2 3
x
- 169 >0
5
x
+12
x
>13
2

We know that 52 +122 =132
for x >2,
5
x
+12
x
>13
2

Ans (2, )
Ex.1(B)
1. 18
4x 3
=
( )
3 4
54 2
x

18
4x 3
=
( )
3 4
2 9 3 2


x

18
4x 3
=
( )
3 4
18. 18
x

18
4x 3
=
3 4
3
2
18

| |
|
\ .
x

4x 3 = ( )
3
3 4
2
x
x = 6
2. Use rule of divisibility

3. x
2
6x 15x 15|- 5 =0

Case 1 Case 2
5x 15 > 0 5x 15 <0
x> 3 (i) x <3 ... (i)
a.e x
2
6x (5x 15) 5 =0 x
2
6x +(5x 15) 15 =0
x
2
11x +10 =0 x
2
x 20 =0
(x 10) (x 1) =0 (x 5) (x +4) =0
x =10, 1 ..(ii) x =5, -4 (ii)
From (1) & (2) from (i) & (ii)
x =10 x =-4
l =1 & m =1
4. Conceptual
5.
1
1
1
log ( 0.5)
log ( 0.5)
+
+
=

x
x
x
x

( )
2
1
log 0.5 1
+
( =

x
x
log
x +1
(x 0.5) = 1

Log
x +1
(x 0.5) =1 log
x +1
(x 0.5) =-1

1
1
2
= + x x
1 1
2 1
=
+
x
x

1
1
2
=
2
1
1
2 2
+ =
x
x x

1
1
2
=
2
3
0
2 2
+ =
x
x

1 5
2 2
2

= x
3
, 1
2

=
x
x
But according to the definition of log
X +1 >0 and
1
0
2
> x
x > 1 and
1
2
> x
x =1 is the only solution
6. log[1
1/5
+(32)
1/5
+(243)
1/5
]
=log[1 +2 +3]
=log 6
option (c)
Take option (D) =
1
5
(log 1 +log32 +log 243)
=
1
5
log (32 243)
=
1
5
log(6
5
) =log6
option (D) is also correct.
7. x
3
2x +3 =0
L +| +8 =0 .. (1)
Eo| =- 2 .. (2)
o| =-3 .. (3)
At y =
1

+
+

Y =
1

+
+
{o +| + =0}
=
1

+

is the root of x
3
2x +3 =0

3
3
2 3 0
1 1
| | | |
+ =
| |
+ +
\ . \ .
y y
y y

( )
3
3
2
3 0
1
1

+ =
+
+
y y
y
y

- y
3
+2y (y +1)
2
+3(y +1)
3
=0
-y
3
+2y
3
+4y
2
+2y +3y
3
+3 +9y
2
+9y =0
4y
3
+13y
2
+11y +3 =0
Transformed equation is
4x
3
+13x
2
+11x +3 =0
It root are , ,
1 1 1


+ + +
+ + +

>
13
1 4

+
=
+

Similarly check the other options.

8. S
1
:|x| +1 =0

Case 1 Case 2
Of x >0 of x <0
Then x
2
+x +1 =0 x
2
x +1 =0
D <0 D <0
no real solution.
For S
2
: x
2
5|x| +6 =0
|x|
2
5 |x| +6 =0
(|x| - 3) (|x| - 2) =0
|x| =3 or |x| =2
x =3 or x =2
For S
3
: x2 - |x| - 2 =0
|x|2 - |x| - 2 =0
|x| =2 or |x| =-1
x =2 (Rejected).
9.
5
1 log
0.04

=
x
x
5
1 log 2
5

=
x
x
( ) ( )
5
1 log 2
5 5
log log 5

=
x
x
(1 - log
5
x) log
5
x =-2
Put log
5
x =t
(1 t) =-2
t t
2
+2 =0 t
2
t 2 =0
(t 2) (t +1) =0
t =2 or -1
Log
5
x =5 log5x =-1
x =25 x =
1
5

10. 10
2/x
+25
1/x
= ( )
1/ 17
50
4
x

( )
1 1
1/ 17
100 75 50
4
+ =
x
x x

1
1
100 75 17
50 50 4
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .
x
x

1 1
1 17
2
2 4
| |
+ =
|
\ .
x x

Put
1
2 =
x
t
t +
1 17
4
+ = t
t

4t2 17t +4 =0
(4t 1)(t 4) =0
t =
1
4
or 4
1
2
2 2

=
x

1
2
2 2 =
x

1
2 =
x

1
2 =
x

x =
1
2

x =
1
2

11. Case1 x
2
+4x +3 > 0 (x +3) (x +1) > 0
x (-, -3) U (-1, ) .. (1)
G.E (x
2
+4x +3) +2x +5 =0
x
2
+6x +8 =0 (x +4) (x +2) =0
x =-4, -2
x =-4
Case2 x
2
+4x +3 <0 x (-3, -1)
G.E -(x
2
+4x +3) +2x +5 =0
-x
2
- 2x +2 =0
x
2
+2x 2 =0
x =
2 4 8
2
+

= 1 3 =
But x 1 3 = is rejected not bounding
x 1 3 =
12.
1
2
slog
0.1
xs 2
1
2
slog
10
1x and
1
2
log 2 s x
1
2
slog10
1 | |
|
\ .
x
and
10
1
log 2
| |
s
|
\ .
x

1/2
1
10 >
x
and
1
100 s
x

1
10
s x and
1
100
> x
13. log
2
(3
2x +2
+7) =log
2
4 +log
2
(3
x 1
+1)

( )
( )
2 2
1
3 7
log2 0
4 3 1
+

| |
+
| =
|
+
\ .
x
x


( )
2 2
1
3 7
1
4 3 1
+

+
=
+
x
x

3
2x
.9 +7 =
3
4 4
3
+
x

Put 3x =t
9t
2
+7 =
4
4
3
+ t
27t
2
+21 =4t +12
27t
2
4t +9 =0
D <0
no soln.


14. log
a1a2
a1 =4

1
1
4
log 1 2
=
a
a a

log
a1
(a
1
a
2
) =
1
4

1 +log
a1
a2 =
1
4

log
a1
a2 =
3
4

Now,
( )
( )
1 2 1 2 1 2
1/3
1
1/2
2
1 1
log log 1 log 2
3 2
=
a a a a a a
a
a a
a

1
1 2
1 1 1
4
3 2 log
=
a
a a

2
1
4 1 1
.
3 2 1 log
| |
= |
|
+
\ .
a
a

4 1 1
4
3 2
1
3
| |
|
=
|
|

\ .

4 3
3 2
= +
17
6
=
<3

PASSAGE 1
(i), (ii), (iii) Very trivial just observation.
PASSAGE 2
N =
( )
7
2
7
log 7
log 900
7 900 900 30 = = = = N
A =
2 2 2 2
log 4 log 4 log 2 log 3
2 3 4 4 + +
=4 +9 +4 9
A =8
D =(log
5
49) (log
7
125)
=
2log7 3log5
log5 log7

D =6
(i) log
A
D =a
Log
8
6 =a
1
3
log
2
6 =a log
2
6 =3a
Now, log
6
12 =log
6
(6 2) =1 +log
6
2
=1 +
1
3a
=
3 1
3
+ a
a

(ii) Here, m =n =3, N =30
Take option (A) log
30
3 <log
3
30 =log
3
30
log
30
3 <log
3
30
Its true
(iii)
5 30
8
10
log 30 8 6 3 3 log 2
| |

|
\ .
+ + + +
=log
5
50 log
5
2

PASSAGE 3
y =4 14x
2
- 91
(i) B
1
co
3
of mod max.valur of y =4 for |4x
2
9| =0 & there is no limit for any bigger we can subject
from 4.
y (-, 4]
(ii) -3 =4 |4x
2
9|
|4x
2
9| =7
4x
2
9 = 7
4x
2
=9 7

4x
2
=16 4x
2
=2
x =2 x =
1
2

(iii) y =|Z| +4 |Z| =y 4
Z = (y 4)

Z =y 4 Z =4 y
Z =-|4x
2
9| Z =|4x2 9|
Z takes all-ve values. Z akes all the value
Infinite (x, Z)
But for every x there are two values of Z
Two ordered points.

PASSAGE 4
(i) 4 x >0 .. (1) x<4
x>0 . (2)
x +1 . (3)
2 +x >0 .. (4) x>- 2
For answer (1) (2) (3) (4)
x (0, 4) ~ {,}
(ii) 0
3
>
+
x
x
.. (1)
log2 0
3
| |
>
|
+
\ .
x
x
. (2)
1
3
>
+
x
x

Froans (1) (2)
3
0
3
s
+ x

x (-, -3)
(iii)
4
0
1
+
>
+
x
x
(1)
x 1 > 0 . (2) x> 1
(1) (2) x [1, )




-3 0


-4
-1
Assertion & Reasons
(1) Conceptual
(2) log
3
(x
2
+1) +|log
4
y
2
| =0
log
3
(x
2
+1) +|log
2
4| =0
Both terms are positive on L +s.
x
2
+1 and log
2
4 has to be O.
But x
2
+1 >O
students (1) False
(3)
( ) ( ) 10 1
10
log 13 12 log 14 13 <

( ) 10 10
1
log 13 12 log
14 13
| |
<
|

\ .

( ) ( ) 10 10
log 13 12 log 14 13 <
13 12 14 13 < +
Its true
statement 1 is true
And statement 2 is true theory
option (A)
Matrix-Match Type
(1) (A)
( ) ( )( )
( )
2
1 1 2
0
5
+
>

x x x
x



x [-1, 2] (5, )
(B)
( )
( )
| | 5
0
2

>

x x
x

5
0
2

>

x
x
[|x| > 0]




-1

1 2
5


2
5
(C) at Q =log
10
10 =1
Q =log
10
99 < 2 Q [1, 2)
P =log
10
9999 <4 p [3, 4)
P Q [1, 2) [3, 4)
(D)
( ) ( )( )
( )
2
1 1 2
0
5
+
s

x x x
x



x (-, -1] [1, 5)
(2) (A)
( ) 2 2
3
7 7
log 5 8log (5 4log 7 | | + + = k
log
3
9 =|k|
|k| =2 k = 2
(B) ( )
2
0.5 1
2
log 4 log 4 | 2| 2 = = =
(C) logx(x2 1) =0
x>0 .. (1)
x= 1 . (2)
x
2
1 >0 (3)
and x
2
1 =x0
x
2
=2
x = 2 . (4)
For Ans (1) (2) (3) (4)
x = 2
(D) 9 77 = + x
2
1 2
11
| |
+
|
\ .
x
x

=
2
1 4
2 4
11
| |
+ +
|
\ .
x
x



-1 1 2 5
=
1 4
9 77 4
11 9 77
| |
+ + +
|
+
\ .

=
( )
4 9 77
1
9 77 4
11 4
| |

|
+ + +
|
\ .

=
( )
1
9 77 9 77 4
11
+ + +
=2
EXRECISE -1 (c)
Subjective solutions
1.
2
2
X 5x 4
x 4
+

=1

2
2
X 5x 4
x 4
+

= 1

2
2
X 5x 4
x 4
+

=1
2
2
X 5x 4
x 4
+

= -1
X
2
- 5x +4 =x
2
- 4 X
2
5 x +4 =- x
2
+4
5x =8 2x
2
- 5 x =0
X=
8
5
x (2x 5) =0
x =0,
5
2

2. 2x 3 = x 3 + - (I)
Validity conditions
2x -3 > 0 x >
3
2
- (1)
x
3
,
2
| |

|
\ .
.
x +3 > 0 x > -3 - (2)
verify (I), we set 2x 3 =x +3
x =6
X =6 E
3
,
2
| |

|
\ .

Ans. x =6
3.
2
6 4x x =x +4
6 4x x
2
=(x +4)
6 4x x
2
=x
2
+16 +8x
2x
2
+12 x +10 =0
x
2
+6x +5 =0
(x +5) (x +1) =0
x =-5, -1
Validity conditions (i) 6 - 4x x
2
> 0
x2 +4x -6 s 0

( ) ( )
X 2 10 X 2 10 0
( (
+ + + s


X E
( )
2 10 , 2 10
(
+ +

- (1)
(ii) x +4 > 0 x > -4 - (2)
From (1) & (2)
XE 4, 2 10
(
+


X =-1 only E 4, 2 10
(
+


Ans. x =1
4. |log x log x
2
| =-x
LHS is positive
RHS has to be positive
x<0
But x cannot be negative in log x
No values satisfies
5. 4
log 27
+log
2
3
. Log
3
5
. Log
5
2
+6
2
log
2(
7
4
) +log
3
log 5 log 2 +6
=7
4
+1 +6
=2408
6. x
2
- |5x +8| >0

Case 1 Case 2
% 5x +8 > 0 % 5x +8 <0 x <
8
5

- (i)
x >
8
5

- (i) x
2
+5 x +8 >0
Now A<0
X
2
(5x +8) >0
X
2
5x - 8 >0 No real root

5 57 5 57
x x
2 2
( ( | | | |
+

( ( | |
| |
( (
\ . \ .
>0 XER
xe
5 57 5 57
, u ,
2 2
| | | |
+

| |
| |
\ . \ .
- (ii)
From (i) & (ii)
Ans : xe
5 57 5 57
, u ,
2 2
| | | |
+

| |
| |
\ . \ .



(7)
2
| x 3|
2. 0
x 5x 6

>
+
Validity x = 3, 2
2
| x 3|
2. 0
x 5x 6

>
+

( )( )
| x 3|
2 0
x 3 x 2

>



Case 1 Case 2
x-3> 0 x-3 <0 x <3 (i)
x> 3 (i) G.e
1
2 0
x 2

>

( )
( )( )
x 3
2 0
x 3 x 2

>


1
2 o
x 2
+ s

1
2 o
x 2
>

2x 3
0
x 2

1 2x 4
0
x 2
+
>

3
x ,2
2
| |
e
|
\ .
-(ii)
2x 5
0
x 2

From (i) & (ii)

3
x ,2
2
| |
e
|
\ .

From (i) & (ii)
No sol.
For final answer :
(Case 1 ) u (Case 2)
3
x ,2
2
| |
e
|
\ .

8. |x-2| s |x+4|
|x-2|
2
s |x+4|
2

x +1 > 0
x> -1
9. |2x-4| <x-1

Case 1 Case 2
2x-4 > 0 2x-4 <0 x <2 (i)
X > 2 (i) - (2x-4) <(x-1)
G.E 2x-4 <x-1 3x 5 >0
x<3 _ (ii) x >
5
3
- (ii)
From (i) & (ii) From (i) & (ii)
X e
( ) 2,3 -(1) X e (5, 3) (2)
From (1) & (2) & (Case1) U (Case 2) (7)X e
5
,3
3
| |
|
\ .

10. 2|x+1| > x+4

Case 1 Case 2
X+1 > 0 x +1 <0 x<-1 (i)
X > -1 (i) G.E 2x -2 >x+4
G.E 2 (x+1) >x+4 3x <-6
x -2 >0 x<- 2 (ii)
x>2 (ii) (i) (ii) gives
(i) (ii) gives
xe( ) 2, -(1) Xe
( ) , 2 -(2)
(Case1) U (Case 2)
xe( ) , 2 U (Case 2)
11. |x +2| - |x 1| <x -
3
2


Case I : of x s - 2 -(i)
Then G.E -(x +2) +(x-1) <x -
3
2

x >
3
2
- (ii)
(i) (ii) xeC _(1)
Case (1) : -2 <x <1 -(i)
G.E. x +2 +(x-1) <x -
3
2

x <
5
2
_(ii)
(i) (ii) xeC -(2)
Case (2) : x > 1 -(i)
G.E. (x+2) (x-1) <x
3
2

x >
9
2
(ii)
(i) (ii) xe
9
,
2
| |

|
\ .
-(3)
For final answer ; (Case I) U (Case II) U ( Case III)
xe
9
,
2
| |

|
\ .


12.
| 2|
0
2
x
x

>

|x-2| is always positive
G.E.
1
0
2 x
>

x>2
13.
2
1
4 x
>

2
1
4 x
>

2 >|x-4|

Case 1 Case 2
x-4> o x-4 <0 x<4 (i)
x> 4 (i) G.E. -(x-4) <2
G.E. x-4 <2 x-4 >-2
x<6 (ii) x >2 _(ii)

(i) (ii) (i) (ii)
Xe (4, 6) -(1) Xe (2, 4) -(2)
(Case1) U (Case 2)
(2, 4) U (4, 6)
From validity x = 4
Ans : Xe (2, 4) U (4, 6)

14.
2 1
2
1
x
x

>

2 1
2
1
x
x

<

or
2 1
2
1
x
x

>

2 1
2 0
1
x
x

+ <

2 1
2 0
1
x
x

>

2 1 2 2
0
1
x x
x
+
<

1
0
1 x
>

4 3
0
1
x
x

<

x>1 (2)
(1) U (2)
Xe
3
,1
4
| |
|
\ .
U (1, )
15.
1 1
3 2 x
<

2
1 0
3 x
<

Case 1 Case 2
X > 0 (i) x <0 (i)
G.E
2
3 x
-1 <0 G.E
2
3 x
-1 <0

5
0
3
x
x

<

2
1 0
3 x
+ >
+


5
0
3
x
x

>

5
0
3
x
x
+
>
+

xe (- , 3) U (5, ) -(ii) xe (- , 5) U (-3, ) -(ii)
(i) (ii) (i) (ii)
xe (0 , 3) U (5, ) -(1) xe (- , -5) U (-3, 0) -(2)
(1) U (2)
xe (- , -5) U (-3, 3) U (5, )

Exercise -2 A
1. x
3
+2x
2
3 x -1 =0
Transforming x =
1
y
we get.
Y
3
+3y
2
2y -1 =0 (1)

1

,
1
|
,
1
y
are the roots of the above eqn.

1

+
1
|
+
1
y
=-3, E
1
2 =
o|
,
1
1
y
=
o|


2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2
y y
| | | | | | | |
+ + = + + E
| | | |
o | o | o|
\ . \ . \ . \ .

=9 +4 =13

1

,
1
|
,
1
y
satisfy eqn. (1)

3 2
1 3 2
1 0 + =
o o o


3 2
1 1 1
3 2 1 0
2
E + E E E =
o o


3
1
3(13) 2( 3) 3 0 E + =
o


3
1
42 E =
o


4 3 2
1 1 1 1
3 2 0 E + E E E =
o o o o

S +3 (-42) 2 (13) (-3) =0
2. Let the root be diminished by h
Let y = -h
=y +h
2 (y +h)
3
=9 (y +h)
2
-6 =0
Given that the second term is missing
2 (3h) 9 =0
H =
3
2

3. Let y = y |+
Y =( ) y +|+ -
Y =p - . =p y
The transformed eqn. is
(p y)
3
p (p y)
2
q (p y) r =0
q
3
3p
2
y +3py
2
y
3
q
3
+2p
2
y py
2
+pq - qy r =0
Y
3
2py
2
+(p
2
+q) y +(r pq) =0
4. Let y =
1 1 3 1 y
y
| + +
| + = =



4
y
=
Transformed eqn

3 2
64 32 20
3 0
y y y
+ =
3y
3
20y
2
+32y 64 =0
5. f(x ) =x
3
3x
2
+4
f(x) has a repeated root, f (x) and f
1
(x) have a common root
f
1
(x) =3x
2
6x =0 x =0, 2
Clearly x =2 satisfies
6. x = 3 2
X
2
=3 +2 -
2
6
(x
2
5) =-
2
6
(x
2
5)
2
=24
X
4
10 x
2
+1 =0
7. 1 1 4 1 x x x + =
Squaring on both sides we get.
(x+1) +(x-1) -
2 2
1 4 1 x x =
1-2x =
2 2
1 x
1-4x +4x
2
=4x
2
4
8.
2 9
3
log 2log
1
x x
x


Clearly, x >0 ; x = 1

2 9
3
log 2log 7
x
x
=
Put log
3
x
=t
2t -
4
t
=7
2t
2
7t -4 =0
2t
2
8t +t -4 =0
t =
1
2

, 4
Two solutions
9.
3
2 2
2
x
x
<

Observe that x <2
3 - ( )
( )
2
2 2 2 x x <
( )
( )
2
2 2 2 3 0 x x + >
2 1 x >
2-x >1
X <1

10. Let y =r
1
+2
R
1
=y 2
(y-2)
2
(y-2)
2
+4 (y-2) +5074 =0
The above eqn. has r
1
+2, r
2
+2 and r
3
+2 as the roots.
(r
1
+2) (r
2
+2) (r
3
+2) =product of roots =-5050
11. 2log 2x =log (x
2
+75),
Clearly x >0 and 4x
2
=x
2
+75 x
2
=25
x =5 only (x =-5) rejected)
12.
2
8 15
2
x x
x
+

|x-| =1
Notice that x= 2.
Now obvious solution is |x-3| =1
x =4, (x =2 rejected)
And also
2
8 15
2
x x
x
+

=0
X =5, 3
But x =3 rejected Base becomes
So, final answer is x =4, 5

13. log
2x
(x
2
- 5x +6) >1
x is prime x >1
x
2
5x +6 >2x
X
2
-7x +6 >0
(x-1) (x-6) >0
xe (- , 1) (6, )
14. Gives y
2
7 12 x x
y
+ +
=1 and x +y =6
(6 - x)
(x +4) (x +3)
=1
This is true when x =5 ( Base is 1)
X =-3, -4 (Exponent gero)
X =7 ( -ve power ever)
But x >0 x =5 ; x =7
15. xy +3y
2
x +4y -7 =0 -(1)
2 x y +y
2
2x 2y +1 =0 -(2)
(2) 2x (y 1) +(y 1)
2
=0
( y 1) (2x +y -1) =0
When y =1 eqn. 91) is always true XER
Options b, c, d
When 2x +y -1 =0 ;eqn (1) x =2 ; y =-3 , (a)
16.
2
| 2| 3 9 x y + + =
Now L.H.S. > 3
` and R.H.S. s 3
Equality exists only when L.H.S. L. H. S. =R. H. S. =3

2
| 2| 3 9 x y + + = =3
x =-2 ; y =0
17. log
10
(-x) =
10
log | | x
Clearly x <0
Given eqn log
10
(-x) =
10
log ( ) x
t = t
t =0 or 1
log
10
(-x) =0 or 1
X =-1 or -10

18. Given log
x
2
. log
2x
2
=log
4x
2

base>0, = 1 x >0 ; x = 1,
1 1
,
2 4

Given eqn
2 4
2 2 2
1 1
log .log log
x x x
=

( ) 2 2 2
1 1
2 log log . 1 log
x x x
=
+ +

Put log
2
x
=t

t = 2
log
2
x
= 2
X =
{ }
2 2
2 ,2

19.
2
3 3
1 1
log (2 1) log (2 1)
x
x
+
>

Observe that x >0. And R.H.S. is always +ve
, Both L.H.S and R.H.S. +ve.
log
3
(2
2x
-1) <log
3
(2
x
+1)
2
2x
1 <2
x
+1
(2
x
+1) (2
x
2) <0
2xe (-1, 2)
xe (- , 1) -(1)
But for both to be +ve.
Log
3
(2
2x
-1) >0 2
2x
>2 x >
1
2

20.
2
2 1 3
0
log log
log
x ax
a x
a a
a
+ + =
Put log
a
x
=t
2 1 2
0
1 2 t t t
+ + =
+ +

2 (1 +1) (2 +t) + (2 +t) +2t (1 +t) =0
2t
2
+6t +4 +2t +t
2
+2t +2t
2
=0
5t
2
+9t +4 =0
(5t +4) (t +1) =0
t =-1;
4
5

Two solutions
21.
135 5
3 3
3 3
15 405
log
log log
log

= (log
3
135
). (log
3
15
) (log
3
5
) (log
3
405
)
=(3+log
3
5
) (1 +log
3
5
) (log
3
5
) (4+log
3
5
)
=3
22. Let N =12
300
Log
10
N =300 (log
10
12
)
=300 (2 log
10
2
+log
10
3
)
=300 (0.602 +0.4771)
Log
10
N =323.73
N has 324 digits
23.
( 3)
log ( 2 4 3)
1
1
10
x
x x

+
| |
>
|
\ .

log
(x-3)
(x2-4x +3)
s 0
1 +log
(x+3)
(x-1)
s 0
log
(x-3
)(x-1)
s -1
Given x is integer
x-1s
1
3 x
which is not possible for on
24. log10
2
=0.3010 log
2
10
=
1
0.3010

1+log
2
5
=
1
0.3010
log
2
5
=
1
1
0.301

=
699
301

Log
5
2
=
301
699

Log
5
64
=6 log
5
2
= 6 x
301 602
699 233
=
25. log
2 x +3
(6x
2
+23 x +21 ) =4 log
3x-7
(4x
2
+12 x +9)
1 +log
2x+3
(3x +7) =4 2 log
3x +7
(2x +3)
Put t =log
2x+3
(3x +7)
1 +t =4 -
2
t

Solving t =1; t =2
When t =1 log
2x+3
3x +7 =1 x =-4
t =2 log
2x+3
3x +7 =2 (3x +7) =(2x +3)
2

x =-2,
1
1

26. 2 log
10
3
3
=3 k log
10
2

2 log
3
2
3
10
=3 k log
10
2
2 log
3
2
3
2
. Log.
10
2
=3 k log
10
2

( )
( )
2
2 3 10
2
10
log
log
log 3
2
2 3k =
2 log
3
2
3
2
. =3
k

3
2
3 =3
k

k =
3
2

27. 2
( 1)
2
log
5
x
x

> +
( )
( 1)
2
log
2 5
x
x

> +
(x 1)
2
>x +5 x
2
3 x 4 >0
(x-4) (x +1) >0 x >4 or x <-1 (reject)
28. x =log
1000
5
= 3 log
5
10
=3 + 3 log
5
2

= 3 + 3 log
5
8

Y =log
7
2058 =log
7
(7
3
. 6) =3 + log
7
6

Clearly log 5
8
>1 x >4
And log
7
6
<1

y <4
x >y

29. Given eqn. 2 log
x
a
+log
ax
a
+3 log
a2x
a
=0

2 1 3
0
log 1 log 2 log
x x x
a a a
+ + =
+ +

Put log
a
x
=t

2 1 3
0
1 2 t t t
+ + =
+ +

2 (2 +3t +t
2
) +2t +t
2
+3t +3t
2
=0
6t
2
+11t +4 =0
30. Let 1 x t = x =t
2
+1 (Remember t > 0)

2 2
1 3 4 1 8 6 1 t t t t + + + + + =
|t-2| +|t-3| =1
2 s t s 3
2 s 1 3 x s
5 s x s 10

31. The given equation can be written as
2
x+1 2
1
4
x
| |

|
\ .
= 2 |
x-3
|
( )
2
4 1 x
= 4. 2 |
x-3
|
2
1
4
x
| |

|
\ .

2
x-1
=2 |
x-3
|( XEI
2
1
4
x
| |

|
\ .
is cancelled.)
X-1 = (x-3)
X=2 No ve integral value.
32. Clearly, x, y are roots of the eqn.
Log
2
t
+log
t
2
=
10
3

Log
2
t
=3 ;
1
3

t =8 ;
1
3
2
x =8, y =
1
3
2
x +y = 8 +
1
3
2

33. The required a satisfies the inequality
2a
2
2 (2a +1) a +a (a +1) <0
a
2
+a >0
ae (- , -1) (0, )
34. When x > 0 2
x
+2
x
>
2
2
2
x
>
2
2 x >
1
2

When x <0 2
x
+2
-x
>
2
2

( ) ( )
2
2
2 2 2 1 0
x x
+ >

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 1 2 2 1 0
x x
+ >
2 2 1 2 2 1
x x
or s > +
- < x s log
2( )
2 1 only ( ) 0 x > <
xe
( ) ( 2
1
,log 2 1 ,
2
|
(

|
(

.

35. Let y =
1
1
+

By C & D
1
1
y
y
+

=
1

Or =
1
1
y
y

+

Satisfies the eqn. x
3
x- 1 =0

3
- -1 =0

3
1 1
1 0
1 1
y y
y y
| | | |
=
| |
+ +
\ . \ .

(y 1)
3
(y 1) (y +1)
2
(y +1)
3
=0
y
3
+7y
2
y +1 =0
36. Given , , | are the roots of
X
3
+2x
2
+3x +2 =0.
2; 3; 2 +| + = | +| + = |=
Let y = ( ) 3 | + =| + = |
=
2
3 3
|
= +


Y =
2
3+

=?
37. 1 4 2 3 x x x x + + + = + + +
Squaring on both sides we get
( )( ) ( )( )
2 2
1 4 1 4 2 3 2 3 x x x x x x x x + + + + + + = + + + + + +
Squaring again 4 =6 No solution.
38. x
x-y
=y
x+y
and
( )
1 x y=

2
1
x
y
=

2
2
1
1
2
1
y
y
y
y
y

| |
= +
|
\ .
y
2y

2 2
2 1
,y
y y
y =
y =1 or 2y -
2 2
2 1
y
y y
= + y
3
=3
39. log
2
x
=log
4
y
+log
4
(4-x)

Log
2
x
=log
4
y(4-x)

X
2
=y (4-x) _(1)
Given eqn. log
3
(x+y) =log
3
x
log
3
y
x +y =
x
y
-(2)
From (1)and (2)
X2 =y (4-x) and x =
2
1
y
y
-(3)

( )
4 2
2
4
1
1
y y
y
y
y
| |
=
|

\ .


( )
( )
3
2
4 4
1
y
y y
y
=

y
3
=4 4y y
2
-4y +4y
2
+y
3

3y
2
-8y +4 =0
Y =
40. 2
x+1
=y
2
+4 and 2
x-1
s y
Y
2
=2
x+1
4

2
4
y
=2
x-1
-1 s y 1
Y
2
4y +4 s 0
y =2
41. Cos
2
x >
3
4

Cos
2
x > Cos
2
6
H

Thus, for
3
2 2
x
H H
s s
xe
5 7
, ,
6 6 6 6
H H H H | | | |

| |
\ . \ .

42. x
8
x
5
+x
2
x +1 >0
For x >1 x
8
x
5
>0 ; x
2
x >0 thus always true
0 <x <1 -x
5
+x
2
>0 ; -x +1 >0
For x<0 ; always true.
43. x
2
+y
2
xy x y +1 > 0
X
2
x (y +1) +(y
2
y +1) > 0
D =(y +1)
2
4 (y
2
y +1) =-3 (y 1)
2
s 0
Q.E in x is always >0
44. x
2
+(a. log (1 a
2
) ) x +(1 a
2
) =0
Clearly 1 a
2
has to be greater than gero for log to be defined.
And Product of roots be less than gero for roots to be of opposite .
Both cant happen simultaneously.
Hence, C.
45. Given xy (x +y) =0
x =0 OR y =0 OR x +y =0
When x =0 |y| =k y = k
When y=0 |x| =k x = k
When x +y =0 |x| +| -x | =
2
k
x =
2
k

Y =
2
k

Solutions of (x, y) are ( k, 0) , (0, k) , (
2
k
,
2
k
,
46. x
1
, x
2
are the roots of the eqn x
2
-2m x +m =c
x
1
+x
2
=2m x
1
x
2
=m
x
1
2
+x
2
2
(x
1
+x
2
)
2
2 x
1
x
2
=4m
2
2m
Also x
1
3
+x
2
3
=(x
1
+x
2
) (x
1
2
+x
2
2
x
1
x
2
) =2m (4m
2
3m)
Given x
1
2
+x
2
2
=x
1
3
+x
2
3
4m
2
2m =2m (4m
2
3m)
m =0 OR 2m 1 =4m
2
3m
4m
2
5m +1 =0
Sum of roots =
5
4

47. Let , , , | o be the roots.
Given 4 +| + +o=
, , , | o =1
We know that
4
4
+|+ +o
> |o
And equality exists when =|= =o
Hence, = 1 |= =o= is the only possibility
Now a = 6 |+| +o+ o + +|o=
B = 4 | +|o+ o + |o=

48. |x
2
+3x| =2 x2
Clearly, 2 x
2
has to be positive
xe (- 2, 2)
Case (i) 2 0 x < <
-x
2
-3 x =2 x
2

x =
2
3

Case (ii) 0 <x < 2
x
2
+3 x =2 x
2

2x
2
+3 x 2 =0
x =
1
2
, -2 (reject).
x =
2 1
,
3 2

49. ax +by =1 and px
2
+qy
2
=1 have only one solution
px
2
+q
2
1
1
ax
b
| |
=
|
\ .
should have D =0
(pb
2
+qa
2
)x
2
2aqx +(q b
2
) =0
D =0
4a
2
q
2
==4 (pb
2
+qa
2
) (q b
2
)
Pq
2
on both sides

2 2 2 2
1
a b a b
p q p q
| || |
= +
| |
\ .\ .

On, Simplifying
2 2
1
a b
p q
+ =
50. Given 4 32
x y
y x
+
=
5
2
x y
y x
+ = -(1)
And
Also log
3
(x y) =1 log
3
(x +y)
x
2
y
2
=3 -(2)
And from (1) we get 2
x
y
= OR
1
2

Case (i) 2
x
y
=
x =2y and x
2
y
2
=3
y
2
=1 y = 1
solutions (x, y) (2, 1) ; (-2, -1) (reject) as x +y >c
Case (ii)
1
2
x
y
=
x =
y
z
then from (2) we get not possible.

51. a>1
Log
x +a
x
s 2 log
a
x


log 2log
log( ) log
x x
x a a
s
+

( )
1 2
log 0
log( ) log
x
x a a
s s
+

( )
log 2log( )
log 0
log( ).log
a x a
x
x a a
| | +
s
|
+
\ .

x>0 ; a >1
x +a >1 and also a >1
( )
2
log
log log 0
( )
a
x
x a
| |
s
|
+
\ .

log x > 0 x > 1
52. log
3
(x +2)
>log
x +2
81

log
3
(x +2)
>
2
3
4
log
x+

But x <- 1 x +2 <1 log
3
(x +2)
<0
But log
3
(x +2)
=t. we get t =
4
t

te (-2, 0) log
3
(x +2)
>-2
53.
( )
4
4
1 1
1 log 3
log
2
x x
x
s
+ + | |
|
+
\ .

One can easily evaluate the possible values of x e (-3, -2) (-1, ) to make log defined.
For x e (-3, -2)

1
1
2
x
x
+
>
+
L.H.S. is +ve
And x +3 <1 R.H.S is ve
, x e (-3, -2).
Now when , x e (-1, -).
L.H.S is ve and R.H.S +ve
Always true.
54. We know min value of in
4
D
a

X
2
+2x (y 3) +(3y
2
+6y) has a min value of

( )
2 2
4( 3) 4(3 6 )
4 4
y y y
D
a
+

=
=2y
2
+12y 9
This also attains its min at
4
D
a

=-2.
55. Given x
1
+x
2
x
3
x
4
=1 (1)
x
1
+2x
2
+3x
3
x
4
=2 -(2)
3x
1
+5x
2
+5x
3
3x
4
=6 -(3)
Eqn. (1) + 2 x (eqn (2)) gives us
3x
1
+5x
2
+5x
3
3x
4
=5 which is a
56. p =a
log
10
b
u =b
log
10
a

( )
CONCEPTUAL
P= u


Exercise 2 (B)
1. (X
2
-1)
2
2 0 X X > -(1)
Feasible region : x
2
x -2 > 0
(x -2) (x +1) > 0
( -, -1] (2, )
Now, (1) x
2
1 > 0 xe( -, -1] (1, )
, xe( -, -1] (2, )
2.
2
2 15 17
0
10
x x
x
+
>

-(1)
Feasible region : 2x
2
+15 17 > 0
xe | )
17
, 1,
2
| (

(
\

Now , (1) 10 x >0 x <10
, xe | )
17
, 1,10
2
| (

(
\

3.
2
8 2 6 3 x x x + >
Feasible region : 8 +2 x x
2
> 0 x
2
2x -8 s0
(x -4) (x +2) s 0
xe [-2, 4]
When R.H.S is ve i.e., 6 -3 x s 0 x > 2 -(1)
It is always true
When R.H.S is +ve i.e., xs 2
Squaring on both sides, we get
8 +2x x
2
>36 36x +9x
2

10x
2
38x +28 <0
5x
2
19x +14 <0
5x
2
5x 14 x +14 <0
(5x 14) (x 1) <0
xe
14
1,
5
| |
|
\ .

, xe (1, 2] - (2)
Final answer (1) (2)
xe (1, 4]
4. 3 15 6 x x + + + <
Clearly x > -3 is the feasible region
Squaring x +3 + x 15 + 2 ( )( ) 3 15 36 x x + + <
2 ( )( ) 3 15 18 2 x x x + + <
( )( ) ( )
2
3 15 9 x x x + + <
+18x +45 <81 18 x +
36 x <36
X <1
Ans : [-3, 1)
5. 3x
2
+15 +
2 2
5 1 2 x x + + =
Put x2 +5x +1 =t (Remember t => 0 is the feasible region)
3 (t -1) +
2
2 t =

2
5 3 t t = -(1)
4t =25 +9t
2
30 t
9t
2
34 t +25 =0
t =1 ;
25
9
(Reject, doesnt satisfy (1) )
6. 12
5x 2
=
( )
2
3
24
3
x


( )
( )
2 3
2 5 2 3 3
2
2.3 2.3
x x
=
2
10x-4
. 3
5x-2
=
2
2
9 3
9 3
2
2 .3
x
x

5x -2 =
2
9 3
2
x

3x
2
+10 x 13 =0
(3x +13) (x -1) =0
X =
13
,1
3

7. (x
2
3x 3)
|x +1|
=1
Case (I) Base =1 x
2
3x -3 =1 x =-1; 4
Case (II) Exponent x =-1
Ans : {-1, 4}
8. x
y
=y
x
and x
2
=y
3
x =y
3
2

,
( )
3
2
2
3
2
3
3
2
3 9
2 4
1
y
y
y y
y
y y y
y

=
= =

9
1
4
y ory = =
9. log
(x +1)
(x3 9x +8)
. log
(x 1)
(x +1)
=3
. log
(x 1)
(x3 9x +8)
=3
x
3
9x +8 =(x -1)
3
=x
3
3x
2
+3x - 1
3x
2
12x +9 =0
x
2
4x +3 =0
x =3 , 1 (Reject, because base = 0 )
, x =3
10. |x +3|
2
8 15
2
1
x x
x
+

=
Clearly, x = 2
(Case(i) Base =1 |x +3| =1 x =4, 2 (reject)
(Case) (ii) Exponent =0
x
2
8 x +15 =0 x =5 ,3 (reject)
(Because base = 0)
, {4, 5}
11. log
3x
x
=log
9x
x

Clearly, x >0 ; x =
1 1
,
3 9

Given eqnWhen x = 1}
3 9
x x
1 1
log 1 log 1
=
+ +

No solution
When x =1 ; 0 =0 Which is true.
x =1


12.
x 5
10 10
log log
25 5 4.x = +

x
10 10
2log log
5 5 4.5
x
= +

( ) ( )
x
10 10
2
log log
5 - 4. 5 5 0
x
+ =

x
10
log
5 5, 1 = (Reject)

10
log 1
x
=
x =10
13. 25
x
12. 2
x
-
625 16
. 0
100 100
x
| | | |
=
| |
\ . \ .

25
x
12.2
x
-
625 2
. 0
100 25
x
x
| |
=
|
\ .

(25
x
)
2
12. (2
x
) (25
x
) -
( )
( )
25
2 0
4
x
=

( )
2
25
25
4. 48. 25. 0
2 2
x
x
| |
=
|
\ .


25 25
2 25 2. 1 0
2 2
x x
| | | |
| | | |
= + =
| |
| |
| |
\ . \ .
\ . \ .


25 25
2 2
x
| |
=
|
\ .

x =1
14.
3
log 2 2
4
x
x
| |
>
|
\ .
Feasible 1 x >
3
8

Case (i) 0<x<1 2x
2
3
4
x

<
X2 2x +
3
0
4
>
xe
1 3
, ,
2 2
| | | |

| |
\ . \ .

, xe
3 1
,
8 2
| |
|
\ .
-(1)
Case (ii) x >1
2x
2
3
4
x

>
xe
1 3
,
2 2
| |
|
\ .

, xe
3
1,
2
| |
|
\ .
-(2)
Ans : (1) (2)
3 1
,
8 2
| |
|
\ .

3
1,
2
| |
|
\ .

15. x
( )
2
1
10 10
log 3log 1000
x x
+ >
Put
10
log
x
=t
xt
2
3t +1 >1000 (1)
Case (i) 0 <x <1
Eqn. (1) t
2
3t +1 <log
x
1000 = 3 log
x
10


t
2
3t +1 <
3
t

t
3
3t
2
+t -3 >0 ( , t <0)
(t
2
+1) (t 3) <0 t >3 log
10
x >3 x>100 x eC
Case(ii) eqn. (1) t
2
3t +1 >
3
t
t >3
16. |x |
2
x x 2
<1 (Clearly x = 0)
Case (i) 0<|x| <1 -(1)
x2 x 2 >0
(x 2) (x +1) >0
xe (- , -1) (2, ) -(2)
(1) (2) C
Case (ii) |x| >1 -(3)
x2 x 2 <0
xe (-1, 2) -(4)
(3) (4) xe (1, 2)
17. log
2
( )
2
x 2
+2x >2+
(x +1)
. log
2
(2 x)
( ) ( )
(2 )
.
2 2
2log 2 2 1 log (2 )
x
x x x

> + +
(1 x)
2
log (2 ) 2(1 ) x x >
(1 x) ( ) 2 0
2
log (2 ) x >
1 x>0 and
2
log (2 ) 2 x >
OR
1 x<0 and
2
log (2 ) 2 x <
x<-2 OR x>1
Remember that x < 2 is the feasible region,
, xe (- , -2) ( 1, 2)
18. It log
5
(x
2
+1) > log
5
(px
2
+4x +p)
5x
2
+5 > px
2
+4x +p
(5 P) x
2
-4 +(5 P) > 0 -x
D s 0 and (5 P) > 0 -(1)
16 _ 4 (5 P)
2
s 0
pe (- , 3] [7, ) -(2)
16 - p
2
<0 -(3)
19. log
1
2 1
1
1
x
x
x
| |
s
|

\ .
Feasible region
X >0 ; x = 1
-log
2 1
1
1
x
x
x
| |
s
|

\ .

2 1
0
1
x
x

>

log
2 1
1
1
x
x
x
| |
>
|

\ .
xe ( )
1
, 1,
2
| |

|
\ .

0 <x <1 x >1

2 1
1
x
x
x

s

2 1
1
x
x
x

>

2x 1 > x
2
x (, x <1) 2x 1 > x
2
x
X
2
3x +1 s 0 (1) X
2
3x +1 s 0
From Feasible region and (1)
xe
3 5 1
,
2 2
|

|
|
.
OR , xe
3 5
1,
2
|
+
|
|
.

20. log
3
(16
x
2 (12
x
) ) s 2x +1
16
x
2 (12
x
) s3
2x
. 3

2
4 4
2. 3 0
3 3
x x
| | | |
s
| |
\ . \ .

21. log
4
x
log
x
4
s
3
2

Clearly x >0 ; x = 1
Put log 4
x
=t
t -
1 3
2 t
s

2
1 3
0
2
t
t

s

2
2 3 2
0
t t
t

s

(2 1)( 2)
0
t t
t
+
s
te ( |
1
, 0,2
2
| (

(
\

log
4
x e ( |
1
, 0,2
2
| (

(
\


4 4
3 1 0
3 3
x x
| | | |
| | | |
+ s
| |
| |
| |
\ . \ .
\ . \ .


4
3
3
x
| |
s
|
\ .

xs
4
3
log
x

Now Feasible region : 16
x
2 . 12
x
>0
4
x
23x >0

4
2
3
x
| |
>
|
\ .

X >
2
4
3
log
, x e
2 3
4 4
3 3
log ,log
| (
(

(
\

22.
( ) ( )
4 15 4 15 8
x x
+ + =
Put
( )
4 15
x
t =
t +
1
8
t
=

2
8 1 0 t t + =

8 64 4
4 15
2
t

= =

( )
4 15 4 15
x
= OR
1
4 15

x =2 OR -2
23. Put (5 +
2
6
)
x2-3
=t
Given eqn t +
1
10
t
= t
2
10t +1 =0
t =5
2
6

( )
2
3
2 2
2
1
5 6 5 6
5 6
x
or

+ = +
+

x
2
3 =1 OR -1
24. Feasible region x +2 >0 x >-2
And x +2 = 1 x = -1
Put log
5
x +2 =t
Given eqn 1 +
2
t
=t
t +2 =t
2

t
2
t 2 =0
t =-1 , 2
log
5
(x+2) =-1, 2

9
,23
5
x

=
25.
2 1
8
1 1
.log ( 2) log 3 5
6 3
x x =
(Clearly x >2 and x >
5
3
x >2 )

2
1 1
.log ( 2)
6 3
x =
2
1
.log (3 5)
6
x

( ) ( )
2
1 1
log ( 2) 3 5
6 3
x x

=
( )
2
log ( 2) 3 5 2 x x =
3x
2
11x +6 =0
x =3;
2
3
(Reject)
26. log4 log2 x +log2 log4 x =2
( )
2 2 2 2
1 1
log log log log 2
2 2
x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
1
log log log log 1 2
2
x x + = =

2 2
log log 2 x=

2
log 4 x=
x =16
27.
( )
2
2 3log 49
2
7 5 6 2 .
x
x =

2
3log 2
2
2 5 6
7 49
2
x x
=

2
3
2 5 6
7 7
2
x x
=

2
2 5 6
3
2
x x
=
x =
3
2

, 4
28. 3
x
+4
x
=5
x

3 4
1
5 5
x x
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .

L.H.S>continuously decreases as the value of x increases.
Hence, only one solution by Trial and error
X =2
29. Put
( )
5 24
x
+ =t
t +
1
10
t
=
t =5 24

( )
x
1
5 24 5 24OR
5 24
+ =
+

x =2 OR -2
30. log
2x+3
(2x +3) (3x +7)
=4 log
3x +7
(2x +3)2
1 +log
(2x +3)
(3x +7)
=4 2. log
3x +7
(2x +3)

Put log
(2x +3)
(3x +7)
=t
1 +t =4 -
2
t

t = 1, 2
log
(2x +3)
(3x +7)
=1 OR 2
3x +7 = 2x +3 OR 3x +7 =4x
2
+12 x +9
(Reject values for which base <0 or base =1)
x =-4 OR x =-2
(Reject) (Reject)





Exercise 3
1. |x
2
-2x| +y =1 and x
2
+|y| =1
y =x
2
-1 OR 1 x
2
Case (i) y > 0
|x
2
-2x| +y =1 and x
2
+y =1
|x
2
-2x| =x
2

x =0 OR |x-2| = x
x =0 OR x =1
y =1 OR y =0
Case (ii) y <0 |y| =-y
|x
2
-2x| +y =1 and x
2
y =1
|x
2
- 2x| +x
2
=2
X
2
2x +x
2
=2 2x x
2
+x
2
=2
X
2
x 1 =0 x =1 y =0
X =
1 5
2

(Reject)
But given xe N x =1 ;y =0
2. , , | are the root of 2x
3
+x
2
7 =- 0

1 7
; 0;
2 2

+|+ E|= | =
Consider
( )
1 1 1
3
| | | | |
+|+ + + = +E +
| |
| |
\ . \ .

( )
1
0 3
2
| | |
= +E +
|
|
\ .

E
| | |
+
|
|
\ .
=-3

3. Sum of integers div. by 3 =3 +6 +9 +.. +99
=3(1 +2 +3 + +33)
=3.
( ) 33 34
2
=1683
Sum if int. div by 5 =5 +10 +15 +.. +100
=5(1 +2 +3 +. +20) =1050
Sum of int. div by 15 =(1 +2 + . +6) 315
Sum of iunt.Div by 3or 5 =1683 +1050 315 =2418
4. x
4
3x
3
x +3 <0
x
3
(x 3) 1 (x 3) <0
(x
3
1) (x 3) <0
(x 1) (x 3) (x2 +x +1) <0
xe (1, 3)
Integers satisfying are x =2
5. (i) y 2x +1 =0 y - |x| - 1 =0
Y =|x| +1
|x| +1 2x +1 =0
|x| =2x 2
If x >0 x =2x 2 x =2
x<0 -x =2x 2 x =
2
3
(Reject x <0)
x =2 ; y =3
(ii) x +2y 6 =0 ; |x 3| =y
x +2|x 3| =6
If x 3 x +2x 6 =6
x =4
x<3 x +2(3 x) =6
x =0
x =4 ; y =1 and x =0 ; y =3
(iii) xy +x +y =11 ; xy (x +y) =30
xy +
30
xy
=11
xy =6 or 5
x +y =5 or 6 respectively
x =2 ; y =3 or x =3 ; y =2
?
(iv) y +x 1 =0 ; |y| =x +1
|y| =(1 y) +1
|y| =2 y
If Y 0 y =2 y y =1
Y <0 -y =2 y |
y =1 ; x =0

(v) |x 1| +y =0 and 2x y =1
|x 1| +2x =1
Case (i) x 1 3x =2 x =2/3 (Reject)
Case (ii) x <1 x =0
x =0 ; y =e =1
(vii)put x =2y +3 in x
2
+y
2
x y =6 2xy
(2y +3)
2
+y
2
(2y +3) y =6 =2 (2y +3)y
y =0 ;
5
3

x =;
1
3

respectively

(vi) 2y2 +xy x2 =0
(2y x) ( y +x) =0
x y or x = -y
Case (i) x =2y
x
2
xy y
2
+3x +7y +3 =0
4y
2
2y
2
y
2
+6y +7y +3 =0
y
2
+13y +3 =0
ye I
Case (ii) x +y =0
x
2
xy y
2
+3x +7y +3 =0
Solving we get x =1 ; y =-1 or x =3 ; y =-3

6. |x 1| +|x 2| +|x +1| +|x +2| =4k
If x 2 we get
x 1 +x 2 +x +1 +x +2 =4k
4x =4k.
for k ={2, 3, 4, 5} ; x =2, 3, 4, 5 are the respectively integral solutions
Observe that |x- 2| +|x +2| |2 x +x +2| =4
|x - | +|xx +1| |1 x +x +1| =2
L.H.S. 6 No solution for k =1
7.
( )
3
1 2 2
a
k

+
< <
=<-k +3
a
<1

3 3
log log 2
0 3 1 k

< + <

( )
3
1
0 1
log 2
k < + <
0 <-k +log
2
3 <1
-log
2
3 <- k <1 log
2
3
log
2
3 1 <k <log
2
3
x = 1

.8. (i) 3
x-1
+3
1-x
s 2.

x
x
3 3
2
3 3
+ s
Possible only when
x
3
3
=1
x =1
(ii) 2 cos
2
x. sin
2
x
2
=5
t
+5
t

L.H.S. s 2 and R.H.S. > 2
, 2cos
2
x. sin2
x
2
=2 cos
2
x =1 ; sin2
x
2
=1
9. (i) 2
x
<
1
x
3
x <log
2
3 1

x <
1
x
log
2
3
x -
3
2
log
0
x
<

2 3
2
x log
0
x

<
xe
( ) ( )
3 3
2 2
, log 0, log
(ii) 3
6x-3
<
4 2x 1
27


3
6x-3
<
6x 3
4
3


6x 3 <0

1
x
2
<
(iii) (0.8)
x
(1.25)
x+1
>0.25

x x
x x
4 5 5 1
.
5 4 4 4
| |
>
|
\ .

Put
x
5
t
4
| |
=
|
\ .

1
t
-
5t 1
4 4
>
2
4 5t 1
t 4

>
5t
2
+t 4 <0
(5t 4) (t +1) <0
10. (i) log
(x-1)
3 2
(2x 10x 13 x 1) 3 + =
2x
3
10x
2
+13 x 1 =(x 1)
3

=x
3
3x
2
+3x - 1
x
3
7x
2
+10 x =0
x =0 ; 2 ; 5
By t x =0, 2 are rejected because base >0 ,= 1 ; x 1 >0 ; = 1
x =5
(ii) log
3
(log
2
x 9
) =2 +log
3
(1 -4 log
x
4
)
log
3
(log
2
x 9
) =log
3 ( ) ( )
4
x
9 1 4log
log
2
x 9
=9 72 log
x
2

Put log
2
x
=t t 9 =9 -
72
t

t
2
18t +72 =0
t =6 ; 12 log
2
x
=6 ; 12
x =2
6
, 2
12
(iii) 2log
2
(sinx) +log
2
(4cot
2
x) =log
2
3
sin
2
x. 4cot
2
x =3
cos
2
x =
3
4

sin
2
x =
1
4

sin
2
x =
1
2
(sinx>0) (feasible region)
n
2
x = ( 1)
6
n
x n
H
= H+
(iv)
1 1 1
3 3 3
5 5 1
log cos log cos 2 log
6 6 9
x x
| | | |
+ + = =
| |
| |
\ . \ .

2
5 1
cos
36 9
x

2
1
cos
4
x =

2 2
cos cos
3
x
H
=
3
x n
H
= H
(sinx>0)
(v) ( )
3 3 3
8
3 3 log 2 log 9. 2.6 log 3
3
x
x
x x
| |
| |
+ = + +
|
|
|
\ .
\ .

( ) ( )
8
33 .2 3 9. 2.6 .3
3
x
x
x x
| |
| |
= +
|
|
|
\ .
\ .


8 8
27 . 27. 6.6
2 3
x
x
x x
x = +
8.81
x
=27 16
x
+6.36
x


2
9 9
8. 6. 27. 0
4 4
x x
| | | |
=
| |
\ . \ .


6 30 9 9 25
; (Re )
4 16 4 16
x
jected
| |
= =
|
\ .

x =1


11.
( )
( ) log 2 2
+
=
x q
x

x 2 =x +a)
2

X
2
+(2a 1)X +(a
2
+2) =0
Case (i) D =O (anique sol)
4a
2
4ad1 4(a
2
d2) =0 a =
7
4

Case (ii) x
2
+(2a 1)x +(a
2
+2) =0
D > 0 and f(-a) <0
A <
7
4

and a <-2
a <-2
12. (i) 3-(x
2y 1
) =4 and r
y +1
=6
3.
2y
x
x
=4 and x
2y +2
=36
. (1) x
2y
.x
2
=36
(2) (1)
3
3
x
=
36
4
x =3
Y =log
2
3
(ii)
1
sin cos
4 3 11 + =
x y

5. 16sinx - 2
1
cos
3 2
| |
= |
|
\ .
y

Put 4sinx =P
1
cos
3 =
y
q
p +q =11 and 5.P
2
2.q =2
p =2 and ( )
12
Re
5

ject
p =2 and q =9
4
sin x
=2 and
1
cos
3
y
=9
sin x =
1
2
and
1
cos
3
y
=2
1
cos .
2
= y
x =nH +(-1)n y =2mH
3
H

(iii)
3 3
log log
27 81 = =
y x
x y and y x
log
3
y =log
x
27y and (log
3
x) (log
3
9) =log
3
(81x)
log
3
y =
3
3
3 log
log
+ y
x
and (log
3
x) (log
3
9) =4 +log
3
r
Put log
3
x =P log
3
9 =q
pq =3 +q and PI =4 +p
P =2 ; q =3 ; -1
log
3
x =2 and log
3
y =3
Or
Log
3
x =-2 and log
3
9 =-1
x =9 ; y =27 or x
1 1
;
9 3
= = x y
(iv) log2(10 2y) =4 y 10 2y =24 y =
16
2y
(1)
( ) ( )
2 2 2
3 4
log log 1 log 3
3
| | +
=
|

\ .
x y
x x
y x

3 4 1
3 3
+
=

x y x
y x x
.. (2)
Eqn : (1) 10(2
y
) (2
y
)
2
=16
2y =8 ; 2
y =3 ; y =1
x =2 when y =3 (from (2))
When y =1

1 1
3 3

=

x x
ture x
x x

But feasible region x 1 >0 & 3 x >0
y =1 x (1, 3)
13. (b c) (y +z) a =b c (1)
(c +a) (z +x) by =c a (2)
(a +b) (x +y) cz =a b (3)
Adding (1), (2) and (3)
(a +b +c) (x +y +z) =0
x +y +z =0 (4)
Substituting (4) in (1), (2) and (3) we get
x = ; ;

= = =
+ + + + + +
c b a c b a
x y z
a b c a b c a b c

14. x +y +z =4 and x
2
+y
2
+z
2
=6
y +z =4 x and y
2
+z
2
=6 x
2

Now,
(y +z)2 =(4 x)2

( )
2 2
2
2
2 16 8
6
+
+ = +

y z
yz x x
x

2yz =10+2x
2
8x
We know that
(y z)
2
> 0 y
2
+z
2
> 2y7
6 x2 > 10 +2x2 8x
3x2 8x +4 s 0
(3x 2) (x 2) s 0
x
2
,2
3
| |
|
\ .

15. x
2
+2xy +3y
2
+2x +6y 3 >0
x
2
+2x(y +1) +3(y +1)
2
> 0
Observe that
D =4(y +1)
2
12(y +1)
2

=-8(y +1)2 s 0
Given Expression > 0 yR
16. (i) x +y +z =13 ; x
2
y
2
+z
2
=91 (1)
From (1) x +z =13 y (x +z)
2
=(13 y)2
x
2
+z
2
+2(xz) =169 26y +y
2
xz =y
2
; x
2
+z
2
=91 y
2

91 y
2
+2y
2
=169 26y +y
2

y =3
when y =3 x +z =10 x =1 ; y =9 or
(ii) x
2
xy +y
2
=21. Y
2
2xy +15 =0 (2)
Eg. (2) 2x =
2
15 15 +
= +
y
y
y y
(3)
(iii) in(1)
2
15 15
2
| | | |
+ + +
| |
\ . \ .
y y y
y y
4y
2
= 84
On minifying
2
2
225
3 84 + = y
y

(y
2
3) (y
2
25) =0
y = 3; 5
Now when we know from (3)
Y =5 x =4
Y =-5 x =-4
Y = 3 x = 3 3
Y = 3 x =3 3
solution are (4, 5), (-4, -5), ( 3 3 , 3 ) and (3 3, 3)
17. x 2 x 1 x 2 x 1 2 + + =

( ) ( )
2 2
x 1 1 x 1 1 2 + + =
| x 1 1| | x 1 1| 2 + + =
x 1 1| x 1 1| 2 + =
Case (i) x 1 1 > x > 2
.
2
x 1 2 = x =2
Case (ii) x 1 1 s x <2
(1) OR 2 =2 which is always true.
Ans : Feasible region : x > 1
, Ans : [1, 2]
18. x +y +z =2 =x
2
+y
2
+z
2

Y +z =2 x
Y
2
+z
2
+2yz =4 4x +x
2
2 x
2
+2yz =4 - 4x +x
2

2yz - =2 4x +2x
2

Now , (y z)
2
> 0 y
2
+z
2
> 2yz
2 x
2
> 2 4x +2x
2

3x
2
4 x s 0
x
4
3x 0
3
| |
s
|
\ .

xe
4
0,
3
(
(


Last value =0 ; greatest value =
4
3

19. xy +3y
2
x +4y 7 =0 and 2xy +y
2
2x 2y +1 =0
(y 1) (x +3y +7) =0 and (Y 1) (2X +Y 1) =0
, when y =1 ; XER (Clearly)
Other solutions
X+3y +7 =0 and
2x +y 1 =0
x =2 ; y =-3

20. xy +x +y =23 (x+1) (y+1) =24 -(1)
Xz +z1 x =41 (x +1) (Z +1) =42 -(2)
YZ +Y +Z =27 (Y +1) (Z +1) 28 -(3)
(1), (2), (3).
(X +1)
2
(Y +1)
2
(Z +1)
2
=24.42.28 =7
2
. 4
2
. 6
2

(X +1) (Y +1) (Z +1) = 168 -(4)
eqn
( )
( )
4
2
z +1 = 7 z =6, -8
similarly,
( )
( )
4
2
;
( )
( )
4
3
y =3, -5
and z =5, -8 resp.
Solutions are (5, 3, 6) and ( -7, -5,)