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Signal System Signal Processing

The document discusses signals, systems, and signal processing, defining a signal as anything that carries information and can be input to a system. It classifies signals as analog or digital and discusses analog to digital and digital to analog conversion. The objectives are to understand signals, systems, signal processing, signal classification, and analog to digital and digital to analog conversion.

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Ariane Borlaza
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59 views18 pages

Signal System Signal Processing

The document discusses signals, systems, and signal processing, defining a signal as anything that carries information and can be input to a system. It classifies signals as analog or digital and discusses analog to digital and digital to analog conversion. The objectives are to understand signals, systems, signal processing, signal classification, and analog to digital and digital to analog conversion.

Uploaded by

Ariane Borlaza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Signals, Systems and

Signal Processing

Engr. Marife A. Rosales


1
Objectives
Understand:
• Signals, Systems and Signal Processing
• Classification of signals
• Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog
conversion

2
QUESTION?
• What is Signal?
• What is System?
• What is Signal Processing

3
4
Signals
• In simple terms anything that carries some sort
of information is known as a signal.
• An example of which is the ECG
(Electrocardiogram) that provides information
about the health of a person’s heart.
• Signals can be given as input to any compatible
system to do the necessary modifications, and
what we get as a result is known as an output
signal.

5
Signals
• It is a function that conveys information
about the behavior or attributes of some
phenomenon.
Samples: audio, video, speech, image,
communication, geophysical, sonar,
radar, medical and musical signals,
output of a thermocouple (temperature),
output of a Ph meter (acidity)

6
Signals
• Signals and systems together forms the very
basis of the course signal processing.
• A signal is defined as any physical quantity
represented as a function of one or more
variables, which conveys some useful
information about that particular quantity.
• Any physical quantity that is unable to convey
any useful information is referred to as noise.

7
Signals
• A noise is a random phenomenon arising due
to some sort of a disturbance in the system and
in most cases is undesirable.
• Voltage Signal:

8
Signals
• Speech Signal:

9
Signals
• What can you observe?

• The signal looks like noise

10
Signals
• What can you observe?

• Signal processing technique known as


the Fourier transform, shows that it contains
five well defined frequency components.
11
Digital signal processing
• Digital signal processing is the processing
of digitized discrete-time sampled signals.

12
Analog Signals
• Electrical signals of which amplitude
changes continuously with respect to time
with no breaks or discontinuities.

13
Digital Signals
• Electrical signals that are described as
discrete; their amplitude maintains constant
level for a prescribed period of time and
then it changes to another level with respect
to time with no breaks or discontinuities.

14
Binary Signal
• Electrical signals that are described as
discrete; their amplitude maintains constant
level for a prescribed period of time and
then it changes to another level with respect
to time with no breaks or discontinuities.

15
Discrete-time signal processing
• Discrete-time signal processing is for
sampled signals, defined only at discrete
points in time, and as such are quantized in
time, but not in magnitude.

16
Signals
• The radio and television signals are
propagated through free space and by radio
and television receivers are converted into
sound and picture.
• Long distance data communications through
internet is carried out using electrical
signals.
Signals
• In addition to communications, signals are
used in medical diagnoses (the heart waves
–electrocardiogram or ECG; brain waves –
electroencephalogram or EEG), geophysical
investigations, stock-market analysis,
meteorological and demographical studies
etc.

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