Scribd
Upload
64 views7 pages

Describing Matter 13-1 Notes Part 2

An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down further, with over 114 known elements. Elements are made of atoms, which are the basic building blocks of matter composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Atoms can combine to form compounds through chemical bonds, resulting in a new substance with distinct properties. Compounds have a set ratio of elements and cannot be separated into their component parts, while mixtures can be separated since their parts are not chemically bonded.

Uploaded by

Chenie Coronel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
64 views7 pages

Describing Matter 13-1 Notes Part 2

An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down further, with over 114 known elements. Elements are made of atoms, which are the basic building blocks of matter composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Atoms can combine to form compounds through chemical bonds, resulting in a new substance with distinct properties. Compounds have a set ratio of elements and cannot be separated into their component parts, while mixtures can be separated since their parts are not chemically bonded.

Uploaded by

Chenie Coronel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

Describing Matter: part 2

Elements
 An element is a pure substance that cannot be
broken down into any other substances by
chemical or physical means. (refer to periodic
table)
 Elements are the simplest substances.
 Each element can be identified by its specific
physical and chemical properties.
 Elements cannot be broken down into simpler
substances.
 Scientists have discovered about 114 different
elements. Example: Aluminum (Al) is used for
foil.
 The first 92 elements occur naturally on Earth.
 Elements after 92, are synthetic – man made!
Particle of Elements – Atoms:
 An atom is the basic particle from which all
elements are made.
 Atoms are the building blocks of matter.
 They are made up of three types of things
(subatomic particles): protons, neutrons, and
electrons.
 Protons = positive charge, +
 Neutrons = neutral (no) charge
 Electrons = negative charge, -
 Different elements have different properties
because their atoms are different.

When Atoms Combine:


 When atoms combine, they form a chemical
bond, which is a force of attraction between two
atoms.
 In many cases, atoms combine to form larger
particles called molecules -- groups of two or
more atoms held together by chemical bonds.
 A molecule of water, for example, consists of an
oxygen atom chemically bonded to two
hydrogen atoms.
Compounds
 A compound is a pure substance made of two or
more elements chemically combined in a set
ratio.
 A compound may be represented by a chemical
formula, which shows the elements in the
compound and the ratio of atoms, CO2.
 For example, part of the gas you exhale is
carbon dioxide. Its chemical formula is CO2. The
number 2 below the symbol for oxygen
(subscript) tells you that the ratio of carbon to
oxygen is 1 to 2. (If there is no number after the
element’s symbol, the number 1 is understood.)
 If a different ratio of carbon atoms and oxygen
atoms are seen in a formula, you have a different
compound.
 For example, carbon monoxide—a gas
produced in car engines—has the formula CO.
 When elements are chemically combined,
they form compounds having properties that
are different from those of the uncombined
elements.
 *COMPOUNDS CANNOT BE
SEPARATED!
This snail’s shell is made mostly of calcium carbonate – a
compound made from calcium, carbon, and oxygen.

Mixtures
 A mixture is made of two or more substances—
elements, compounds, or both—that are together
in the same place but are not chemically
combined. Example: vegetable soup!
 Mixtures differ from compounds in two ways:
Each substance in a mixture keeps its
individual properties. Also, the parts of a
mixture are not combined in a set ratio (no
chemical formula).
 *MIXTURES CAN BE SEPARATED!!

*Review:
-Elements are pure substances in their simplest
form!
-A molecule is two or more atoms, chemically
combined!
- Compounds are two or more elements
chemically combined! Cannot separate!
- Mixtures are two or more elements,
compounds, or both that are not chemically
combined. Can separate!

Review Questions:

1. How are elements and compounds similar?


How are they different?
- Both elements and compounds are pure
substances. While elements are made of one
simple substance, compounds are made of two
or more elements.

2. Plants make a sugar compound with the


formula C6H12O6. What elements make up this
compound and how many of each element?
- C (Carbon)- 6
- H (Hydrogen)- 12
- O (Oxygen)- 6
3. Why is it correct to say that seawater is a
mixture?
- Seawater is mixture of salt, water, and many
other substances.

4. List three examples of elements from the


periodic table with their symbol. (You will be
responsible for knowing elements 1-18!)
- Calcium, Ca
- Sodium, Na
- Hydrogen, H

5. What is an atom?
- The basic particle from which all elements are
made – building blocks of matter!

6. When atoms combine, what holds them


together?
- Chemical bonds.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy