QE and Complex Numbers DPP
QE and Complex Numbers DPP
3p
6. (d) Let z = x + iy, then arg (z – 3i) = arg(x + iy – 3i) = é ù
4 = z1z2z3 ê3z -z - 4ú
ë û
3p
Þ x < 0, y – 3 > 0 (Q is in II quadrant) Þ |z|3 = |z1| |z2| |z3| |3|z|2 – 4|
4
Þ |z|3 – |3|z|2 – 4| = 0
y-3 3p
and = tan =–1
x 4 If |z| ³ 2 / 3 , we get
Þ y = – x + 3 " x < 0 and y > 3 ...(1) |z|3 – |3|z|2 + 4| = 0
p Þ (|z| –2) (|z|2 – |z| – 2) = 0
and arg (2z + 1 – 2 i) = arg [(2x + 1) + i (2y – 2)] =
4 Þ (|z| –2)2 (|z| + 1) = 0
p Þ |z| –2 = 0 or |z| = 2
Þ 2 x + 1 > 0, 2 y – 2 > 0 (Q is in I quadrant)
4
If |z| < 2 / 3 , we get
2y - 2 p
and = tan = 1 Þ 2y – 2 = 2x + 1 |z|3+ 3|z|2 – 4 = 0
2x + 1 4
Þ (|z| – 1) (|z|2 + 4|z| + 4) = 0
3 1
Þ y = x+ " x>– ,y>1 .....(2) Þ |z| – 1 = 0 Þ |z| = 1
2 2
8. (a,d) Discriminant D = 4 p2 - 4( p2 - 1) = 4 > 0
From equations (1) and (2), we get graph
Q Roots of the equation are real and distinct
y Now both the roots are less than 4 if
y = –x + 3
(0, 3) -2 p
D ³ 0 , f (4) > 0 and 4 > -
3 2
y=x+
2 Þ 16 - 8 p + p2 - 1 > 0 and
1 4 > p Þ ( p - 3)( p - 5) > 0 and p < 4
x Þ p < 3 or p > 5 and p < 4 Þ p Î(-¥, 3)
– 1/2
Again both the roots are greater than
It is clear from the graph that two lines do not intersect.
-2 p
\ No point of intersection. –2 if D ³ 0 , f (–2) >0 and -2 < -
Caution : It is most likely that the students after getting 2
two straight lines, solve them to get the point of Þ (4 + 4 p + p2 + 1) > 0 and
æ 3 9ö
intersection çè , ÷ø . Clearly the principal values of 3 < p Þ ( p + 3)( p + 1) > 0 and p > –3
4 4
arguments must be considered. Þ p < –3 or p > -1 and p > –3 Þ p Î (-1, ¥)
7. (a, d) Further exactly one root lies in the interval (-2, 4) if
We have z23 + z33 = – z1z2z3.
z13 + D > 0 and f (-2) f (4) < 0
Þ – 4z1z2z3 = z13 + z23+ z33 – 3z1z2z3 Þ ( p + 3)( p + 1)( p - 3)( p - 5) < 0
EBD_7198
S-14 DPP/ CM04
Þ p Î (-3, - 1) È (3, 5) 2p 2p k
sin - i cos
Finally, 1 lies between the roots if D > 0 and f (1) < 0 11 11
Þ 1 - 2 p + p2 - 1 < 0 Þ p (p – 2) < 0
æ 2p k 2p k ö
= - i ç cos + i sin ÷
Þ 0 < p < 2 Þ p Î(0, 2) è 11 11 ø
Alternatively :
= – iwk [De Moivre’s theorem]
x 2 - 2 px + p 2 - 1 = 0 Þ ( x - p ) = 1
2
Thus,
\ x = p ±1
Both the roots are less than 4 if p + 1 < 4 and 10 iw (1 - w 10 ) iw (1 - w 11 )
S = -i å w = - =
k
p -1 < 4 Þ p < 3 k =1 1- w 1- w
Both the roots are greater than –2 if p + 1 > -2 and But w11 = cos 2p + i sin 2p = 1 + i0 = 1
p - 1 > -2 Þ p > -1 \ S=i
Exactly one root lies in (–2, 4) if -2 < p + 1 < 4 or
Þ S + S = 0, SS = 1
-2 < p - 1 < 4 but not both
Þ p Î( -3, - 1) È ( 3, 5) 1
and S =± (1 + i )
One root is less than 1 and other greater than 1 if 2
p + 1 < 1 < p - 1 or p - 1 < 1 < p + 1 Þ 0 < p < 2
NOTE : The alternate method is easier than the 11. (6)
general method, so if the roots of quadratic in terms of
parameter come out to be free of radical the alternative 1± i 3
Solving z 2 - z + 1 = 0 Þ z =
method is better. 2
9. (b,c) The given equation is,
pe ( x - p)( x - p - e) + ep ( x - e)( x - p - e) 1+ i 3 p p
Taking z = = cos + i sin
2 3 3
+ (p p + ee )( x - e)( x - p) = 0
np np
Let f ( x ) = pe ( x - p)( x - p - e) + ep ( x - e)( x - p - e) Þ z n = cos + i sin , n = 1, 2,..........,24
3 3
+ (p p + ee )( x - e)( x - p )
1 np
\ zn + = 2cos
Then f (e) = pe (e - p)(-p) > 0 [Q e < p ] z n 3
p
and f (p) = e (p - e)(-e) < 0
2 2 2
æ 1ö æ 2 1ö æ 3 1ö
\ Equation f ( x) = 0 has a real root in (e, p ). \ çè z + ÷ø + çè z + 2 ÷ø + çè z + 3 ÷ø +
z z z
Again f (p + e) = (p p + ee )(p)(e) > 0 .
2
\ Equation f(x) = 0 has a real root in ( p , e + p ).
....................... + æç z 24 + 1 ö÷
\ f ( x) = 0 has a real roots in (e, p) è z 24 ø
and other in (p, p + e)
Also, p - e < e
p 2p 3p . 2 24 p
\ Equation f ( x) = 0 has two real roots in = 2 2 cos 2 + 2 2 cos 2 + 2 2 cos 2 ++2...2.....cos
3 3 3 3
(p - e, p + e).
10. (a,b,c) éæ 2p ö æ 4p ö æ 6p ö
= 2 êç1 + cos ÷ + ç1 + cos ÷ + ç1 + cos ÷ +
ëè 3 ø è 3 ø è 3 ø
2p 2p
Put w = cos + i sin ’
11 11
48p öù
so that for 1 £ k £10 .................... + æç1 + cos ÷ú
è 3 øû
DPP/ CM04 S-15
3x 2 + 2(a + b + c) x + bc + ca + ab 2 If a = 0, then a 2 + b2 = 1 Þ b = ± 1 Þ w = ± i.
Þ =
(a + x )(b + x)(c + x ) x So, Im (z) = Re(w) = 0
EBD_7198
S-16 DPP/ CM04
18. (c) Using the result
(B) | z - a |2 = 4 | z - a |2
z12 + z22 + z32 - z1 z2 - z2 z3 - z3 z1 = 0 , we get Þ zz - az - az + aa = 4( zz - az - az + aa )
2 2 Þ 3zz + (a - 4a ) z + (a - 4a ) z + 3aa = 0
a - 1 + 2ai + 1 - b + 2bi + 0 - a + b - i - abi = 0
\ a 2 - b 2 - a + b = 0 and 2a + 2b – ab– 1 = 0 a - 4a a - 4a
or zz + z+ z + aa = 0
Þ a = b and 2a + 2b – ab – 1 = 0 3 3
(Q a + b = 1 does not give real solution) which is a circle of radius
\ a = b and a 2 - 4a + 1 = 0 a - 4a
2
4 2
= - a a = - (a - a ) 2 = | a - a |
a = b = 2- 3 (Q a < 1, b < 1) 3 9 3
(C) z lies on a circle of radius 1 and centre at (1, 0)
z1 + z 2 + z3
19. (b) z0 = p
3 p 2 - z | 2 - z | ±i 2
ÐOPA = ± Þ = e
2 0- z | z|
Þ z12 + z 22 + z32 - 2 z1 z2 - 2 z2 z3 - 2 z3 z1 = 9 z02
z - 2 AP
Þ 3( z12 + z22 + z32 ) = 9z02 Þ z12 + z22 + z32 = 3z02 Þ = (±i) = ±i tan a
z OP
2 2 2 z -2
(Q z1 + z2 + z3 = z1 z 2 + z2 z3 + z3 z1 ) \ =| tan a | P(z)
20. A - q; B - r; C - p; D - s z
(A) ( z + ab)3 = a3 Þ z + ab = a, wa , w 2a (D) z1 + z2 = –p and z1z2 = q
Also, a
2 O 1 A
Þ z = a - ab, wa - ab, w a - ab , say z1, z2, z3 z2
respectively = cos a ± i sin a
z1
3| a |
Now, |z1 – z2| = |z2 – z3| = |z3 – z1| =
z2 - z1 cos a
So, the triangle is equilateral and has area Þ = ±i sin a
z1
3
= | z - z |2 or z22 - 2 z2 z1 cos a + z12 cos2 a = - z12 sin 2 a
4 1 2
Þ z12 + z22 = 2 z1 z2 cos a
2
or ( z1 + z2 ) 2 = 2 z1 z2 (1 + cos a ) Þ p = 4 cos 2 a
q 2
DPP - Daily Practice Problems
Chapter-wise Sheets
Date : Start Time : End Time :
CM04
SYLLABUS : Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations
Section I - Straight Objective Type 2. If z1 = a + ib and z 2 = c + id are complex numbers such that
This section contains 6 multiple choice questions. Each question has 4 | z1 | = | z2 | = 1 and Re ( z1 z 2 ) = 0, then the pair of complex
choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which ONLY ONE is correct. numbers w1 = a + ic and w2 = b + id do not satisfy
1. A complex number z satisfies the equation
(a) | w1 | = 1 (b) | w2 | = 1
| z |2 – 2iz + 2c (1 + i) = 0, where c is real. The values of c for
which the above equation has no solution can be given by (c) Re( w1w2 ) = 0 (d) In ( w1w2 ) = 0
(a) c Î (-¥, - 1 - 2) (b) c Î [-1 - 2, - 1 + 2]
RESPONSE GRID 1. 2.
Space for Rough Work
EBD_7198
M-14 DPP/ CM04
3. If A, G and H are the Arithmetic mean, Geometric mean and Section II - Multiple Correct Answer Type
Harmonic mean between two unequal positive integers.
This section contains 4 multiple correct answer(s) type questions. Each
Then the equation Ax2 – |G|x – H = 0 does not have
question has 4 choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which ONE OR MORE
(a) both roots fractions
is/are correct.
(b) one negative fraction root
(c) exactly one positive root 7. Let z1, z2, z3 be complex number such that |z 1| = |z2| = |z3| =
(d) no root greater than 2
4. If a, b, c are positive rational numbers such that a > b > c z12 z22 z32
1 and + + = -1 , then value of |z + z
and the quadratic equation z2 z3 z3 z1 z1 z2 1 2
(a + b – 2c)x2 + (b + c – 2a)x + (c + a – 2b) = 0 has a root in
+ z3| can be
the interval (– 1, 0), then
(a) c + a > 2b
(b) Both roots of the given equation are irrational (a) 2 (b) 3
(c) The equation ax2 + 2bx + c = 0 has both negative real (c) 4 (d) 1
roots
8. Consider the quadratic equation x2 – 2px + p2 – 1 = 0
(d) The equation cx2 + 2ax + b = 0 has both positive real
where p is parameter, then
roots
(a) Both the roots of the equation are less than 4 if
5. Let [a] denote the greatest integer less than or equal to
a. Given that the quadratic equation p Î(-¥, 3)
(b) Both the roots of the equation are greater than –2 if
x 2 + [a 2 - 5a + b + 4]x + b = 0 has roots –5 and 1. Then
the set of values of a is p Î(-¥, -1)
(c) Exactly one root of the equation lies in the interval
æ ù é ö
(a) ç - 1, 5 - 3 5 ú È ê 5 + 3 5 , 6 ÷ (-2, 4) if p Î(-1, 3)
ç 2 úû êë 2 ÷
è ø
(d) 1 lies between the roots of the equation if p Î(0, 2)
æ 5-3 5 5+3 5 ö
(b) çç , ÷ pe ep p p + ee
è 2 2 ÷ø 9. Equation + has
x - e x- p x- p - e =0
+
(c) (- ¥, - 1] È [6, ¥) (a) one real root in (e, p) and other in (p - e, e)
(d) ( -¥, ¥) (b) one real root in (e, p) and other in (p, p + e)
3p (c) Two real roots in (p - e, p + e)
6. The point of intersection of the curves arg (z – 3i) =
4 (d) No real root
p 10
æ 2p k 2p k ö
and arg(2z + 1 – 2i) = is 10. If S = å ç sin - i cos ÷ then
4 k =1 è 11 11 ø
1 1 (a)
(a) (3 + 9i) (b) (3 – 9i) S + S =0 (b) SS = 1
4 4
1
1 (c) S =± (1 + i ) (d) S - S = 0
(c) (3 + 2i) (d) None of these 2
2
RESPONSE 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
GRID 8. 9. 10.
11. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 12. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
RESPONSE
13. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 14. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
GRID
15. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 16. 17. 18.
Space for Rough Work
EBD_7198
M-16 DPP/ CM04
19. Let the complex numbers z1, z2 and z3 be the vertices of an equilateral triangle. Let z0 be the circumcentre of the triangle, then
z12 + z22 + z32 =
p2
then is equal to
q
RESPONSE
19. 20. A - p q r s ; B - p q r s ; C - p q r s ; D - p q r s
GRID