STUDENT

GOMEZ ROSELYN B.
NAME:
Last name Given name Middle initial

STUDENT
20180161051
NUMBER:

QUESTION
ACTUAL QUESTION SOLUTION AND FINAL ANSWER
NUMBER

Since the sum is equal to 1, x=1/19

A perfect square is obtained when X=1 or X=4
Thus, the required probability is (6+3)/19 = 9/19

It can be shown further by the formula:

A 5-sided die with sides numbered 1,2.3,4 and 5 is constructed
so that the 1 and 5 occur twice as often as the 2 and 4, which
1 P(2) = P(4) = X ; P(1) = P(5) = 2X ; P(3) = X/3
occur three times as often as the 3. What is the probability that
a perfect square occurs when this die is tossed once?
P(1) + P(2) + P(3) + P(4) + P(5) = 1

2X + X + X/3 + X + 2X = 1 ; X = 3/9

P(1) + P(4) = 6/19 + 3/19

P(1) + P(4) = 9/19 or 0.47

2 A.) P(A) + P(B) - P(A ∩ B)
 If A and B are mutually exclusive events and P(A) = 0.3 and P(B) =
0.5, find
(a) P(A U B);
ANSWER: Let A = {0.3} and B = {0.5}.

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 a) P (A U B);
Let A = {0.3} and B = {0.5}. Then, A U B = {0.3, 0.5}
= P (A) + P (B) – P(A∩B)

= 0.3 + 0.5 − 0 = 0.80

(b) P(A’); b) P(A’);

(c) P(A’ ∩ B) =1 – 0.3 = 0.70

c) P (A’ ∩ B)
Let A = {0.3} and B = {0.5}. Then, A’ ∩ B = Ø, that
is, A and B have no elements in common.
P (A’ ∩ B) = P (B) = 0.50

3 If A,B, and C are mutually exclusive events and P(A) = 0.2, P(B) a) P (A U B U C);
= 0.3 and P(C) = 0.2, find
 ANSWER: 0.7
A. P(A U B U C);
FORMULA: P(A)+P(B)+P(C)
B. P[(A’ ∩ (B U C)] 
SOLUTION: 0.2+0.3+0.2 = 0.70
C. P(B U C’)’

b) P [(A’ ∩ (B U C)]  
 ANSWER: 0.5

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 FORMULA: P(B)+P(C)
SOLUTION: 0.3+0.2 = 0.50

c) P (B U C’)’
 ANSWER: P(C) = 0.20

4 If a letter is chosen at random from the English alphabet, find the A.) is a vowel exclusive of y
probability that the letter. 
Let X = vowels in the English alphabet
A.)is a vowel exclusive of y
(A, E, I, O, U)
B.)precedes the letter j
P(X) = 5/26 or 0.19
C.)follows the letter g
B.) precedes the letter j

Let X = letters that precedes the letter J

(A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I)

P(B) = 9/26 or 0.35 from (0.3461538462)

C.) follows the letter g

Let X = letters that follow letter G

(H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z)

P(C) = 19/26 or 0.73

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5 A.) begins with a consonant
If a permutation of the word “white” is selected at random, find the
probability that the permutation Letters in the word: (w, h, i, t, e)= 5! = 120 (will be our
A. begins with a consonant denominator)

B. ends with a vowel Constant letters = (w, h, t) = 3

C. has the consonants and vowels alternating
Remaining letters = 4! = 24

3 * 24 = 72

72/120 or 3/5 = 0.60

B.) ends with a vowel

Let X = permutation that ends with a vowel

n(X) = 4*3*2*1*2

= 48

P(X) = 48/120

2/5 or 0.40

C.) has the consonants and vowels alternating

Let X = permutation that the consonants and vowels

alternating

n(X) = 3!2!

=12

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 P(X) = 12/120 or 1/10 = 0.1

Number of ways to fill the letter = 5

Number of ways to fill remaining 2 letters = 25 x 24 =
600

Number of ways to fill last digit = 4

Number of ways to fill remaining 3 digits = 8 x 7 x 6
= 226
If each coded item in a catalog begins with 3 distinct letters
followed by 4 distinct non zero digits, find the probability of
6 Number of ways E can occur = (5x600) (4x336) =
randomly selecting one of these coded items with the first letter
a vowel and the last digit even 4,032,000

Total coded items = (26 x 25 x 24) (9 x 8 x 7 x 6) =

47,174,400
4,032,000
P(E) = 47,174,400 = 0.085470085 or 0.09

7 A.) a total of 8
A pair of dice is tossed. Find the probability of getting
A. a total of 8 Let A = the event that the sum is 8

B. at most a total of 5 A = (2,6), (3,5), (4,4), (5,3), (6,2)

n(A) = 5 (no. of ways to succeed);

n(s) = 36 (no. of possible pairs)

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 P(A) = 5/36 or 0.138888888888889
= 0.14

B.) at most a total of 5

Let B = the event that the sum is at most 5

B = (1,1), (1,2), (1,3), (1,4),(2,1),(2,2),(2,3),(3,1),(3,2),

(4,1)

n(B) = 10 (no. of ways to succeed)

n(s) = 36 (no. of possible pairs)

P(B) = 10/36 or 5/18

= 0.277777777777778 or 0.28

Let A = the event that the first card is greater than 2

and less than 8
Let B = the event that the second card is greater than
Two cards drawn in succession from a deck without 2 and less than 8
8 replacement. What is the probability that both cards are greater P(A∩B) = P(A)P(A/B)
than 2 and less than 8? P(A∩B) = (20/52) (19/51)
95
P(A∩B) = 663 = 0.143288084464555

9 A.) the dictionary is selected

If 3 books are picked at random from a shelf containing 5

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 n(S) = 9C3

= 84 (will be our denominator)

n(A) = (1C1)(8C2)

novels, 3 books of poems and a dictionary, what is the = 28

probability that
P(A) = 28/84 or 1/3 or 0.3333
A. the dictionary is selected
B.) 2 novels and 1 book of poems are selected
B. 2 novels and 1 book of poems are selected
n(B) = (5C2)(3C1)

= 30

P(B) = 30/84 or 5/14 or 0.36 from

(0.357142857)

10 A.) 3 aces
In a poker hand consisting of 5 cards, find the probability of
holding 52/5 = 52!/5! (52-5)!
A. 3 aces
= 52*51*50*49*48*47/5*4*3*2*1
B. 4 hearts and 1 club
= 2598960 ways

48/2! (48-2)! = 48*47/2

= 2256/2

= 1128 ways

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 4*1128 = 4512 ways

4512/2598960 = 0.00174

B.) 4 hearts and 1 club

13!/4! (13-4)! = 715 ways

13!/1! (13-1)! = 13 ways

715*13 = 9295

9295/ 2598960 = 0.0036

11 a. 2 pairs
In a game of Yahtzee , where 5 dice are tossed simultaneously,
find the probability of getting
There are 6 choose 3 = 20 ways of selecting
A. 2 pairs these values
B. 4 of a kind
3!
There are 2 = 3 arrangements

5!
= 30 ways
(1 ! x 2 ! x 2 !)

Therefore, there are 60 x 30 = 1800 desired

outcomes

65 = 7776 total possible outcomes

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 1800 25
Desired probability of 7776 or 108 =
0.231481481

b. 4 of a kind

6 x5 x5 25
5 = 0.01929 or
6 1296

*1/6^5 is the probability of any particular list of 5 numbers

*the number in the bracket is the number of ways to mark where
you want your numbers
*the last numbers are the number of ways to pick the actual
numbers.

12
In a college graduating class of 100 students, 54 studied
mathematics, 69 studied history and 35 studied both
mathematics and history. If one of these students is selected at BOTH
a random, find the probability that MATHEMATICS HISTORY
= 35
A. the students takes mathematics or history = 19 = 34
B. the student does not take either of these subjects
C. the student takes history but not mathematics

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 SOLUTION:

MATHEMATICS ONLY: (54-35) = 19

HISTORY ONLY: (69-35) = 34

MATHEMATICS OR HISTORY ONLY: 19 + 34 =53

THOSE WHO TAKE NEITHER: 100 - 19 - 35 - 34 = 12

HISTORY ONLY: 69 – 35 = 34

a. MATHEMATICS OR HISTORY ONLY:

P(A) = 88/100 or 22/25 or 0.88

b. THOSE WHO TAKE NEITHER: 100 - 19 - 35 - 34 =

12

= 12/100 or 3/25 or 0.12

c. HISTORY ONLY: 69 – 35 = 34
= 34/100 or 17/50 or 0.34

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The probability that an American industry will locate in Munich is A.) in both cities
0.7, the probability that it will locate in Brussels is 0.4, and the

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 P(MUB) = P(M) + P(B) – P(M∩B)
0.8 = 0.7 + 0.4 - P(M∩B)
probability that it will locate either Munich or Brussels or both is 3
0.8. what is the probability that the industry will locate P(M∩B) = 10 = 0.30

A. in both cities
a) in neither city
B. in neither city P(MUB)’ = 1 – 0.8
2
P(MUB)’ = 10 = 0.20

a) in either tax free bonds or mutual funds

Let A = an event that a customer will
invest in tax-free bonds
Let B = an event that a customer will
From past experiences a stockbroker believes that under invest in mutual funds.
present economic conditions a customer will invest in tax free
bonds with a probability of 0.6, will invest in mutual funds with a Then, P(A) = 0.6
probability of 0.3 and will invest in both tax-free bonds and P(B) = 0.3
mutual funds with a probability of 0.15. at this time, find the P (A ∩ B) = 0.15
14 probability that a customer will invest.
P (A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) − P (A ∩ B) =
A. in either tax free bonds or mutual funds 0.6 + 0.3 − 0.15 = 0.75
B. in neither tax free bonds nor mutual funds
b) in neither tax-free bonds nor mutual funds
P ((A ∪ B) 0) = 1 − P (A ∪ B) = 1 − 0.75 =
0.25

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 The total probability is 1.
The presumption is that the probabilities are:
0.03 that exactly 0 cars will get pumped.
0.18 that exactly 1 car will get pumped.
0.24 that exactly 2 cars will get pumped.
0.28 that exactly 3 cars will get pumped.
0.10 that exactly 4 cars will get pumped.
0.17 that exactly 5 or more cars will get pumped.

a)   more than 2 cars receive gas

The probabilities that a service station will pump gas into 0,1,2,3,4 or
 ANSWER: P (x > 2) = 0.28 + 0.10 + 0.17
5 or more cars during a certain 30 minute period are 0.03, 0.18, 0.24, = 0.55 or 55%
0.28, 0.10 and 0.17. find the probability that in this 30minute period.
b) at most 4 cars receive gas
15 A.  more than 2 cars receive gas
 ANSWER: P (x ≤ 4) = 0.03 + 0.18 + 0.24
B. at most 4 cars receive gas + 0.10 + 0.28 = 0.83 or 83%
C. 4 or more cars receive gas
c) 4 or more cars receive gas

P( X ≥ 4) = P(X= 4) + P(X ≥ 5)

= 0.1 + 0.17

= 0.27 or 27%

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