> REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 1

Preparation of Papers for IEEE TRANSACTIONS

and JOURNALS (March 2004)
First A. Author, Second B. Author, Jr., and Third C. Author, Member, IEEE

from the “View” menu in the menu bar (View | Page Layout),
Abstract—These instructions give you guidelines for preparing which allows you to see the footnotes. Then type over sections
papers for IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS. Use this of TRANS-JOUR.DOC or cut and paste from another
document as a template if you are using Microsoft Word 6.0 or
document and then use markup styles. The pull-down style
later. Otherwise, use this document as an instruction set. The
electronic file of your paper will be formatted further at IEEE. menu is at the left of the Formatting Toolbar at the top of your
Define all symbols used in the abstract. Do not cite references in Word window (for example, the style at this point in the
the abstract. Do not delete the blank line immediately above the document is “Text”). Highlight a section that you want to
abstract; it sets the footnote at the bottom of this column. designate with a certain style, then select the appropriate name
on the style menu. The style will adjust your fonts and line
Index Terms—About four key words or phrases in alphabetical
spacing. Do not change the font sizes or line spacing to
order, separated by commas. For a list of suggested keywords,
send a blank e-mail to keywords@ieee.org or visit the IEEE web squeeze more text into a limited number of pages. Use
site at italics for emphasis; do not underline.
http://www.ieee.org/organizations/pubs/ani_prod/keywrd98.txt To insert images in Word, position the cursor at the
insertion point and either use Insert | Picture | From File or
copy the image to the Windows clipboard and then Edit | Paste
I. INTRODUCTION Special | Picture (with “Float over text” unchecked).

T HIS document is a template for Microsoft Word versions IEEE will do the final formatting of your paper. If your
6.0 or later. If you are reading a paper version of this paper is intended for a conference, please observe the
document, please download the electronic file, TRANS- conference page limits.
JOUR.DOC, from
http://www.ieee.org/organizations/pubs/transactions/stylesheet
s.htm so you can use it to prepare your manuscript. If you II. PROCEDURE FOR PAPER SUBMISSION
would prefer to use LATEX, download IEEE’s LATEX style
A. Review Stage
and sample files from the same Web page. Use these LATEX
files for formatting, but please follow the instructions in Please check with your editor on whether to submit your
TRANS-JOUR.DOC or TRANS-JOUR.PDF. manuscript by hard copy or electronically for review. If hard
If your paper is intended for a conference, please contact copy, submit photocopies such that only one column appears
your conference editor concerning acceptable word processor per page. This will give your referees plenty of room to write
formats for your particular conference. comments. Send the number of copies specified by your editor
When you open TRANS-JOUR.DOC, select “Page Layout” (typically four). If submitted electronically, find out if your
editor prefers submissions on disk or as e-mail attachments.
If you want to submit your file with one column
Manuscript received October 9, 2001. (Write the date on which you electronically, please do the following:
submitted your paper for review.) This work was supported in part by the U.S.
Department of Commerce under Grant BS123456 (sponsor and financial --First, click on the View menu and choose Print Layout.
support acknowledgment goes here). Paper titles should be written in --Second, place your cursor in the first paragraph. Go to
uppercase and lowercase letters, not all uppercase. Avoid writing long the Format menu, choose Columns, choose one column
formulas with subscripts in the title; short formulas that identify the elements
are fine (e.g., "Nd–Fe–B"). Do not write "(Invited)" in the title. Full names of Layout, and choose “apply to whole document” from the
authors are preferred in the author field, but are not required. Put a space dropdown menu.
between authors' initials. --Third, click and drag the right margin bar to just over 4
F. A. Author is with the National Institute of Standards and Technology,
Boulder, CO 80305 USA (corresponding author to provide phone: 303-555-
inches in width.
5555; fax: 303-555-5555; e-mail: author@ boulder.nist.gov). The graphics will stay in the “second” column, but you can
S. B. Author, Jr., was with Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA. He drag them to the first column. Make the graphic wider to push
is now with the Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort out any text that may try to fill in next to the graphic.
Collins, CO 80523 USA (e-mail: author@lamar. colostate.edu).
T. C. Author is with the Electrical Engineering Department, University of B. Final Stage
Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, on leave from the National Research
Institute for Metals, Tsukuba, Japan (e-mail: author@nrim.go.jp). When you submit your final version, after your paper has
been accepted, print it in two-column format, including figures and one will be retained by the Editor-in-Chief or conference
and tables. Send three prints of the paper; two will go to IEEE publications chair.
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You must also send your final manuscript on a disk, which and saved with no compression, 8 bits per pixel (palette or 256
IEEE will use to prepare your paper for publication. Write the color). To obtain a 3.45-in figure (one column width) at 400
authors’ names on the disk label. If you are using a Macintosh, dpi, the figure should have a horizontal size of 1380 pixels.
please save your file on a PC formatted disk, if possible. You For more information on TIFF files, please go to
may use Zip or CD-ROM disks for large files, or compress http://www.ieee.org/organizations/pubs/transactions/informatio
files using Compress, Pkzip, Stuffit, or Gzip. n.htm and click on the link “Guidelines for Author Supplied
Also send a sheet of paper with complete contact Electronic Text and Graphics.”
information for all authors. Include full mailing addresses, 3) Somewhat Harder Way: If you do not have a scanner,
telephone numbers, fax numbers, and e-mail addresses. This you may create noncolor PostScript figures by “printing” them
information will be used to send each author a complimentary to files. First, download a PostScript printer driver from
copy of the journal in which the paper appears. In addition, http://www.adobe.com/support/downloads/pdrvwin.htm (for
designate one author as the “corresponding author.” This is the Windows) or from http://www.adobe.com/support/downloads/
author to whom proofs of the paper will be sent. Proofs are pdrvmac.htm (for Macintosh) and install the “Generic
sent to the corresponding author only. PostScript Printer” definition. In Word, paste your figure into
C. Figures a new document. Print to a file using the PostScript printer
All tables and figures will be processed as images. driver. File names should be of the form “fig5.ps.” Use Adobe
However, IEEE cannot extract the tables and figures Type 1 fonts when creating your figures, if possible.
embedded in your document. (The figures and tables you 4) Other Ways: Experienced computer users can convert
insert in your document are only to help you gauge the size of figures and tables from their original format to TIFF. Some
your paper, for the convenience of the referees, and to make it useful image converters are Adobe Photoshop, Corel Draw,
easy for you to distribute preprints.) Therefore, submit, on and Microsoft Photo Editor, an application that is part of
separate sheets of paper, enlarged versions of the tables Microsoft Office 97 and Office 2000 (look for C:\Program
Files\Common Files \Microsoft Shared\ PhotoEd\
and figures that appear in your document. These are the
PHOTOED.EXE. (You may have to custom-install Photo
images IEEE will scan and publish with your paper.
Editor from your original Office disk.)
D. Electronic Image Files (Optional) Here is a way to make TIFF image files of tables. First,
You will have the greatest control over the appearance of create your table in Word. Use horizontal lines but no vertical
your figures if you are able to prepare electronic image files. If lines. Hide gridlines (Table | Hide Gridlines). Spell check the
you do not have the required computer skills, just submit table to remove any red underlines that indicate spelling
paper prints as described above and skip this section. errors. Adjust magnification (View | Zoom) such that you can
1) Easiest Way: If you have a scanner, the best and quickest view the entire table at maximum area when you select View |
way to prepare noncolor figure files is to print your tables and Full Screen. Move the cursor so that it is out of the way. Press
figures on paper exactly as you want them to appear, scan “Print Screen” on your keyboard; this copies the screen image
them, and then save them to a file in PostScript (PS) or to the Windows clipboard. Open Microsoft Photo Editor and
Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) formats. Use a separate file for click Edit | Paste as New Image. Crop the table image (click
each image. File names should be of the form “fig1.ps” or Select button; select the part you want, then Image | Crop).
“fig2.eps.” Adjust the properties of the image (File | Properties) to
2) Slightly Harder Way: Using a scanner as above, save the monochrome (1 bit) and 600 pixels per inch. Resize the image
images in TIFF format. High-contrast line figures and tables (Image | Resize) to a width of 3.45 inches. Save the file (File |
should be prepared with 600 dpi resolution and saved with no Save As) in TIFF with no compression (click “More” button).
compression, 1 bit per pixel (monochrome), with file names of Most graphing programs allow you to save graphs in TIFF;
the form “fig3.tif” or “table1.tif.” To obtain a 3.45-in figure however, you often have no control over compression or
(one-column width) at 600 dpi, the figure requires a horizontal number of bits per pixel. You should open these image files in
size of 2070 pixels. Typical file sizes will be on the order of a program such as Microsoft Photo Editor and re-save them
0.5 MB. using no compression, either 1 or 8 bits, and either 600 or 220
Photographs and grayscale figures should be prepared with dpi resolution (File | Properties; Image | Resize). See Section
220 dpi resolution and saved with no compression, 8 bits per II-D2 for an explanation of number of bits and resolution. If
pixel (grayscale). To obtain a 3.45-in figure (one-column your graphing program cannot export to TIFF, you can use the
width) at 220 dpi, the figure should have a horizontal size of same technique described for tables in the previous paragraph.
759 pixels. A way to convert a figure from Windows Metafile (WMF)
Color figures should be prepared with 400 dpi resolution to TIFF is to paste it into Microsoft PowerPoint, save it in JPG
format, open it with Microsoft Photo Editor or similar
converter, and re-save it as TIFF.
Microsoft Excel allows you to save spreadsheet charts in
Graphics Interchange Format (GIF). To get good resolution,
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TABLE I
UNITS FOR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
Conversion from Gaussian and
Symbol Quantity
CGS EMU to SI a
 magnetic flux 1 Mx  108 Wb = 108 V·s
B magnetic flux density, 1 G  104 T = 104 Wb/m2
magnetic induction
H magnetic field strength 1 Oe  103/(4) A/m
m magnetic moment 1 erg/G = 1 emu
 103 A·m2 = 103 J/T
M magnetization 1 erg/(G·cm3) = 1 emu/cm3
 103 A/m
4M magnetization 1 G  103/(4) A/m
 specific magnetization 1 erg/(G·g) = 1 emu/g  1 A·m2/kg
j magnetic dipole 1 erg/G = 1 emu
moment  4  1010 Wb·m
J magnetic polarization 1 erg/(G·cm3) = 1 emu/cm3
 4  104 T
Fig. 1. Magnetization as a function of applied field. Note that “Fig.” is ,  susceptibility 1  4
 mass susceptibility 1 cm3/g  4  103 m3/kg
abbreviated. There is a period after the figure number, followed by two
spaces. It is good practice to explain the significance of the figure in the  permeability 1  4  107 H/m
caption. = 4  107 Wb/(A·m)
r relative permeability   r
make the Excel charts very large. Then use the “Save as
w, W energy density 1 erg/cm3  101 J/m3
N, D demagnetizing factor 1  1/(4)
HTML” feature (see http://support.microsoft.com/support/
No vertical lines in table. Statements that serve as captions for the entire
kb/articles/q158/0/79.asp). You can then convert from GIF to table do not need footnote letters.
TIFF using Microsoft Photo Editor, for example. a
Gaussian units are the same as cgs emu for magnetostatics; Mx =
No matter how you convert your images, it is a good idea to maxwell, G = gauss, Oe = oersted; Wb = weber, V = volt, s = second, T =
print the TIFF files to make sure nothing was lost in the tesla, m = meter, A = ampere, J = joule, kg = kilogram, H = henry.

conversion.
If you modify this document for use with other IEEE current in amperes and magnetic field in oersteds. This often
journals or conferences, you should save it as type “Word 97- leads to confusion because equations do not balance
2000 & 6.0/95 - RTF (*.doc)” so that it can be opened by any dimensionally. If you must use mixed units, clearly state the
version of Word. units for each quantity in an equation.
The SI unit for magnetic field strength H is A/m. However,
E. Copyright Form if you wish to use units of T, either refer to magnetic flux
An IEEE copyright form should accompany your final density B or magnetic field strength symbolized as µ0H. Use
submission. You can get a .pdf, .html, or .doc version at the center dot to separate compound units, e.g., “A·m2.”
http://www.ieee.org/copyright or from the first issues in each
volume of the IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS. Authors
are responsible for obtaining any security clearances. V. HELPFUL HINTS

A. Figures and Tables

III. MATH Because IEEE will do the final formatting of your paper,
If you are using Word, use either the Microsoft Equation you do not need to position figures and tables at the top and
Editor or the MathType add-on (http://www.mathtype.com) bottom of each column. In fact, all figures, figure captions,
for equations in your paper (Insert | Object | Create New | and tables can be at the end of the paper. Large figures and
Microsoft Equation or MathType Equation). “Float over text” tables may span both columns. Place figure captions below the
should not be selected. figures; place table titles above the tables. If your figure has
two parts, include the labels “(a)” and “(b)” as part of the
artwork. Please verify that the figures and tables you mention
IV. UNITS in the text actually exist. Please do not include captions as
part of the figures. Do not put captions in “text boxes”
Use either SI (MKS) or CGS as primary units. (SI units are
linked to the figures. Do not put borders around the
strongly encouraged.) English units may be used as secondary
outside of your figures. Use the abbreviation “Fig.” even at
units (in parentheses). This applies to papers in data
the beginning of a sentence. Do not abbreviate “Table.” Tables
storage. For example, write “15 Gb/cm 2 (100 Gb/in2).” An
are numbered with Roman numerals.
exception is when English units are used as identifiers in trade,
Color printing of figures is available, but is billed to the
such as “3½ in disk drive.” Avoid combining SI and CGS
authors (approximately $1300, depending on the number of
units, such as
figures and number of pages containing color). Include a note
with your final paper indicating that you request color printing. color article, the reprint order should be submitted promptly.
Do not use color unless it is necessary for the proper There is an additional charge of $81 per 100 for color reprints.
interpretation of your figures. If you want reprints of your Figure axis labels are often a source of confusion. Use words
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rather than symbols. As an example, write the quantity C. Abbreviations and Acronyms
“Magnetization,” or “Magnetization M,” not just “M.” Put
Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are
units in parentheses. Do not label axes only with units. As in
used in the text, even after they have already been defined in
Fig. 1, for example, write “Magnetization (A/m)” or
the abstract. Abbreviations such as IEEE, SI, ac, and dc do not
“Magnetization (A  m1),” not just “A/m.” Do not label axes
have to be defined. Abbreviations that incorporate periods
with a ratio of quantities and units. For example, write
should not have spaces: write “C.N.R.S.,” not “C. N. R. S.”
“Temperature (K),” not “Temperature/K.”
Do not use abbreviations in the title unless they are
Multipliers can be especially confusing. Write
unavoidable (for example, “IEEE” in the title of this article).
“Magnetization (kA/m)” or “Magnetization (103 A/m).” Do
not write “Magnetization (A/m)  1000” because the reader D. Equations
would not know whether the top axis label in Fig. 1 meant Number equations consecutively with equation numbers in
16000 A/m or 0.016 A/m. Figure labels should be legible, parentheses flush with the right margin, as in (1). First use the
approximately 8 to 12 point type. equation editor to create the equation. Then select the
B. References “Equation” markup style. Press the tab key and write the
equation number in parentheses. To make your equations more
compact, you may use the solidus ( / ), the exp function, or
appropriate exponents. Use parentheses to avoid ambiguities
in denominators. Punctuate equations when they are part of a
sentence, as in
r2

Number citations consecutively in square brackets [1]. The

 0
F (r,  ) dr d  [ r2 / (20 (1)
)]
exp ( |  z |)  J ( r ) J ( r ) d .
1
sentence punctuation follows the brackets [2]. Multiple z



references [2], [3] are each numbered with separate brackets 0 j i 1 2 0 i

[1]–[3]. When citing a section in a book, please give the

relevant page numbers [2]. In sentences, refer simply to the Be sure that the symbols in your equation have been defined
reference number, as in [3]. Do not use “Ref. [3]” or before the equation appears or immediately following. Italicize
“reference [3]” except at the beginning of a sentence: symbols (T might refer to temperature, but T is the unit tesla).
“Reference [3] shows ... .” Unfortunately the IEEE document Refer to “(1),” not “Eq. (1)” or “equation (1),” except at the
translator cannot handle automatic endnotes in Word; beginning of a sentence: “Equation (1) is ... .”
therefore, type the reference list at the end of the paper using E. Other Recommendations
the “References” style.
Use one space after periods and colons. Hyphenate complex
Number footnotes separately in superscripts (Insert |
modifiers: “zero-field-cooled magnetization.” Avoid dangling
Footnote).1 Place the actual footnote at the bottom of the
participles, such as, “Using (1), the potential was calculated.”
column in which it is cited; do not put footnotes in the
[It is not clear who or what used (1).] Write instead, “The
reference list (endnotes). Use letters for table footnotes (see
potential was calculated by using (1),” or “Using (1), we
Table I).
calculated the potential.”
Please note that the references at the end of this document
Use a zero before decimal points: “0.25,” not “.25.” Use
are in the preferred referencing style. Give all authors’ names;
do not use “et al.” unless there are six authors or more. Use a “cm3,” not “cc.” Indicate sample dimensions as “0.1 cm  0.2
space after authors' initials. Papers that have not been cm,” not “0.1  0.2 cm2.” The abbreviation for “seconds” is
published should be cited as “unpublished” [4]. Papers that “s,” not “sec.” Do not mix complete spellings and
have been submitted for publication should be cited as abbreviations of units: use “Wb/m2” or “webers per square
meter,” not “webers/m2.” When expressing a range of values,
“submitted for publication” [5]. Papers that have been
write “7 to 9” or “7-9,” not “7~9.”
accepted for publication, but not yet specified for an issue
A parenthetical statement at the end of a sentence is
should be cited as “to be published” [6]. Please give
punctuated outside of the closing parenthesis (like this). (A
affiliations and addresses for private communications [7].
parenthetical sentence is punctuated within the parentheses.)
Capitalize only the first word in a paper title, except for
In American English, periods and commas are within
proper nouns and element symbols. For papers published in
quotation marks, like “this period.” Other punctuation is
translation journals, please give the English citation first,
“outside”! Avoid contractions; for example, write “do not”
followed by the original foreign-language citation [8].
instead of “don’t.” The serial comma is preferred: “A, B, and
C” instead of “A, B and C.”
If you wish, you may write in the first person singular or
1
It is recommended that footnotes be avoided (except for the unnumbered plural and use the active voice (“I observed that ...” or “We
footnote with the receipt date on the first page). Instead, try to integrate the observed that ...” instead of “It was observed that ...”).
footnote information into the text.
> REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 5

Remember to check spelling. If your native language is not recommended for publication on the basis of peer review. As a
English, please get a native English-speaking colleague to matter of convenience and service to the technical community,
proofread your paper. these topical papers are collected and published in one issue of
the TRANSACTIONS.
At least two reviews are required for every paper submitted.
VI. SOME COMMON MISTAKES For conference-related papers, the decision to accept or reject
The word “data” is plural, not singular. The subscript for a paper is made by the conference editors and publications
the permeability of vacuum µ0 is zero, not a lowercase letter committee; the recommendations of the referees are advisory
“o.” The term for residual magnetization is “remanence”; the only. Undecipherable English is a valid reason for rejection.
adjective is “remanent”; do not write “remnance” or Authors of rejected papers may revise and resubmit them to
“remnant.” Use the word “micrometer” instead of “micron.” A the TRANSACTIONS as regular papers, whereupon they will be
graph within a graph is an “inset,” not an “insert.” The word reviewed by two new referees.
“alternatively” is preferred to the word “alternately” (unless
you really mean something that alternates). Use the word
“whereas” instead of “while” (unless you are referring to VIII. PUBLICATION PRINCIPLES
simultaneous events). Do not use the word “essentially” to The contents of IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS are
mean “approximately” or “effectively.” Do not use the word peer-reviewed and archival. The T RANSACTIONS publishes
“issue” as a euphemism for “problem.” When compositions scholarly articles of archival value as well as tutorial
are not specified, separate chemical symbols by en-dashes; for expositions and critical reviews of classical subjects and topics
example, “NiMn” indicates the intermetallic compound of current interest.
Ni0.5Mn0.5 whereas “Ni–Mn” indicates an alloy of some Authors should consider the following points:
composition NixMn1-x. 1) Technical papers submitted for publication must advance
Be aware of the different meanings of the homophones the state of knowledge and must cite relevant prior work.
“affect” (usually a verb) and “effect” (usually a noun), 2) The length of a submitted paper should be commensurate
“complement” and “compliment,” “discreet” and “discrete,” with the importance, or appropriate to the complexity, of
“principal” (e.g., “principal investigator”) and “principle” the work. For example, an obvious extension of
(e.g., “principle of measurement”). Do not confuse “imply” previously published work might not be appropriate for
and “infer.” publication or might be adequately treated in just a few
Prefixes such as “non,” “sub,” “micro,” “multi,” and pages.
“"ultra” are not independent words; they should be joined to 3) Authors must convince both peer reviewers and the
the words they modify, usually without a hyphen. There is no editors of the scientific and technical merit of a paper; the
period after the “et” in the Latin abbreviation “et al.” (it is also standards of proof are higher when extraordinary or
italicized). The abbreviation “i.e.,” means “that is,” and the unexpected results are reported.
abbreviation “e.g.,” means “for example” (these abbreviations 4) Because replication is required for scientific progress,
are not italicized). papers submitted for publication must provide sufficient
An excellent style manual and source of information for information to allow readers to perform similar
science writers is [9]. A general IEEE style guide, Information experiments or calculations and use the reported results.
for Authors, is available at Although not everything need be disclosed, a paper must
http://www.ieee.org/organizations/pubs/transactions/informatio contain new, useable, and fully described information. For
n.htm example, a specimen's chemical composition need not be
reported if the main purpose of a paper is to introduce a
new measurement technique. Authors should expect to be
VII. EDITORIAL POLICY challenged by reviewers if the results are not supported by
Submission of a manuscript is not required for participation adequate data and critical details.
in a conference. Do not submit a reworked version of a paper 5) Papers that describe ongoing work or announce the latest
you have submitted or published elsewhere. Do not publish technical achievement, which are suitable for presentation
“preliminary” data or results. The submitting author is at a professional conference, may not be appropriate for
responsible for obtaining agreement of all coauthors and any publication in a TRANSACTIONS or JOURNAL.
consent required from sponsors before submitting a paper.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS strongly discourage
courtesy authorship. It is the obligation of the authors to cite IX. CONCLUSION
relevant prior work. A conclusion section is not required. Although a conclusion
The Transactions and Journals Department does not publish may review the main points of the paper, do not replicate the
conference records or proceedings. The T RANSACTIONS does abstract as the conclusion. A conclusion might elaborate on
publish papers related to conferences that have been the importance of the work or suggest applications and
extensions.
APPENDIX
Appendixes, if needed, appear before the acknowledgment. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
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The preferred spelling of the word “acknowledgment” in [21] IEEE Criteria for Class IE Electric Systems (Standards style), IEEE
American English is without an “e” after the “g.” Use the Standard 308, 1969.
singular heading even if you have many acknowledgments. [22] Letter Symbols for Quantities, ANSI Standard Y10.5-1968.
[23] R. E. Haskell and C. T. Case, “Transient signal propagation in lossless
Avoid expressions such as “One of us (S.B.A.) would like to isotropic plasmas (Report style),” USAF Cambridge Res. Lab.,
thank ... .” Instead, write “F. A. Author thanks ... .” Sponsor Cambridge, MA Rep. ARCRL-66-234 (II), 1994, vol. 2.
and financial support acknowledgments are placed in the [24] E. E. Reber, R. L. Michell, and C. J. Carter, “Oxygen absorption in the
Earth’s atmosphere,” Aerospace Corp., Los Angeles, CA, Tech. Rep.
unnumbered footnote on the first page. TR-0200 (420-46)-3, Nov. 1988.
[25] (Handbook style) Transmission Systems for Communications, 3rd ed.,
REFERENCES Western Electric Co., Winston-Salem, NC, 1985, pp. 44–60.
[26] Motorola Semiconductor Data Manual, Motorola Semiconductor
[1] G. O. Young, “Synthetic structure of industrial plastics (Book style with Products Inc., Phoenix, AZ, 1989.
paper title and editor),” in Plastics, 2nd ed. vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New [27] (Basic Book/Monograph Online Sources) J. K. Author. (year, month,
York: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15–64. day). Title (edition) [Type of medium]. Volume(issue). Available:
[2] W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems (Book style). Belmont, CA: http://www.(URL)
Wadsworth, 1993, pp. 123–135. [28] J. Jones. (1991, May 10). Networks (2nd ed.) [Online]. Available:
[3] H. Poor, An Introduction to Signal Detection and Estimation. New http://www.atm.com
York: Springer-Verlag, 1985, ch. 4. [29] (Journal Online Sources style) K. Author. (year, month). Title. Journal
[4] B. Smith, “An approach to graphs of linear forms (Unpublished work [Type of medium]. Volume(issue), paging if given. Available:
style),” unpublished. http://www.(URL)
[5] E. H. Miller, “A note on reflector arrays (Periodical style—Accepted [30] R. J. Vidmar. (1992, August). On the use of atmospheric plasmas as
for publication),” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., to be published. electromagnetic reflectors. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. [Online]. 21(3). pp.
[6] J. Wang, “Fundamentals of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers arrays 876—880. Available: http://www.halcyon.com/pub/journals/21ps03-
(Periodical style—Submitted for publication),” IEEE J. Quantum vidmar
Electron., submitted for publication.
[7] C. J. Kaufman, Rocky Mountain Research Lab., Boulder, CO, private
communication, May 1995.
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2, Aug. 1987, pp. 740–741 [Dig. 9th Annu. Conf. Magnetics Japan, 1982, biographies at the end of regular papers. Biographies are often not included in
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11, pp. 34–39, Jan. 1959. country, and year degree was earned. The author’s major field of study should
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in Conf. Rec. 1995 IEEE Int. Conf. Communications, pp. 3–8. Smith, Prof. Jones, Mr. Kajor, Ms. Hunter). List any memberships in
[15] W. D. Doyle, “Magnetization reversal in films with biaxial anisotropy,” professional societies other than the IEEE. Finally, list any awards and work
in 1987 Proc. INTERMAG Conf., pp. 2.2-1–2.2-6. for IEEE committees and publications. If a photograph is provided, the
[16] G. W. Juette and L. E. Zeffanella, “Radio noise currents n short sections biography will be indented around it. The photograph is placed at the top left
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