> REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 1

First A. Author, Second B. Author, Jr., and Third C. Author, Member, IEEE
Preparation of Papers for IEEE TRANSACTIONS
and JOURNALS (May 2007)

style menu is at the left of the Formatting Toolbar at the top
Abstract—These instructions give you guidelines for of your Word window (for example, the style at this point in
preparing papers for IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS. the document is “Text”). Highlight a section that you want to
Use this document as a template if you are using Microsoft
designate with a certain style, then select the appropriate
Word 6.0 or later. Otherwise, use this document as an
instruction set. The electronic file of your paper will be name on the style menu. The style will adjust your fonts and
formatted further at IEEE. Define all symbols used in the line spacing. Do not change the font sizes or line spacing to
abstract. Do not cite references in the abstract. Do not delete squeeze more text into a limited number of pages. Use
the blank line immediately above the abstract; it sets the italics for emphasis; do not underline.
footnote at the bottom of this column. To insert images in Word, position the cursor at the
insertion point and either use Insert | Picture | From File or
Index Terms—About four key words or phrases in copy the image to the Windows clipboard and then Edit |
alphabetical order, separated by commas. For a list of
Paste Special | Picture (with “float over text” unchecked).
suggested keywords, send a blank e-mail to keywords@ieee.org
or visit IEEE will do the final formatting of your paper. If your
http://www.ieee.org/organizations/pubs/ani_prod/keywrd98.txt paper is intended for a conference, please observe the
conference page limits.

I. INTRODUCTION

T HIS document is a template for Microsoft Word versions II.PROCEDURE FOR PAPER SUBMISSION
6.0 or later. If you are reading a paper or PDF version of
A. Review Stage
this document, please download the electronic file,
TRANS-JOUR.DOC, from the IEEE Web site at Please check with your editor on whether to submit your
http://www.ieee.org/web/publications/authors/transjnl/index.html
manuscript as hard copy or electronically for review. If hard
so you can use it to prepare your manuscript. If you would copy, submit photocopies such that only one column appears
prefer to use LATEX, download IEEE’s LATEX style and per page. This will give your referees plenty of room to write
sample files from the same Web page. Use these LATEX comments. Send the number of copies specified by your
files for formatting, but please follow the instructions in editor (typically four). If submitted electronically, find out if
TRANS-JOUR.DOC or TRANS-JOUR.PDF. your editor prefers submissions on disk or as e-mail
If your paper is intended for a conference, please contact attachments.
your conference editor concerning acceptable word processor If you want to submit your file with one column
formats for your particular conference. electronically, please do the following:
When you open TRANS-JOUR.DOC, select “Page --First, click on the View menu and choose Print
Layout” from the “View” menu in the menu bar (View | Page Layout.
Layout), --Second, place your cursor in the first paragraph. Go to
the Format menu, choose Columns, choose one column
which allows you to see the footnotes. Then, type over Layout, and choose “apply to whole document” from the
sections of TRANS-JOUR.DOC or cut and paste from dropdown menu.
another document and use markup styles. The pull-down --Third, click and drag the right margin bar to just over
4 inches in width.

Manuscript received October 9, 2001. (Write the date on which you
The graphics will stay in the “second” column, but you can
submitted your paper for review.) This work was supported in part by the U.S. drag them to the first column. Make the graphic wider to
Department of Commerce under Grant BS123456 (sponsor and financial push out any text that may try to fill in next to the graphic.
support acknowledgment goes here). Paper titles should be written in
uppercase and lowercase letters, not all uppercase. Avoid writing long B. Final Stage
formulas with subscripts in the title; short formulas that identify the elements
are fine (e.g., "Nd–Fe–B"). Do not write “(Invited)” in the title. Full names of When you submit your final version (after your paper has
authors are preferred in the author field, but are not required. Put a space been accepted), print it in two-column format, including
between authors’ initials.
F. A. Author is with the National Institute of Standards and Technology, figures and tables. You must also send your final manuscript
Boulder, CO 80305 USA (corresponding author to provide phone: 303-555- on a disk, via e-mail, or through a Web manuscript
5555; fax: 303-555-5555; e-mail: author@ boulder.nist.gov). submission system as directed by the society contact. You
S. B. Author, Jr., was with Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA. He
is now with the Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort may use Zip or CD-ROM disks for large files, or compress
Collins, CO 80523 USA (e-mail: author@lamar.colostate.edu). files using Compress, Pkzip, Stuffit, or Gzip.
T. C. Author is with the Electrical Engineering Department, University of Also, send a sheet of paper or PDF with complete contact
Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, on leave from the National Research
Institute for Metals, Tsukuba, Japan (e-mail: author@nrim.go.jp). information for all authors. Include full mailing addresses,
> REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 2

telephone numbers, fax numbers, and e-mail addresses. This The final printed size of an author photograph is exactly
information will be used to send each author a 1 inch wide by 1 1/4 inches long (6 picas × 7 1/2 picas).
complimentary copy of the journal in which the paper Please ensure that the author photographs you submit are
appears. In addition, designate one author as the proportioned similarly. If the author’s photograph does not
“corresponding author.” This is the author to whom proofs of appear at the end of the paper, then please size it so that it is
the paper will be sent. Proofs are sent to the corresponding proportional to the standard size of 1 9/16 inches wide by
author only. 2 inches long (9 1/2 picas × 12 picas). JPEG files are only
accepted for author photos.
C. Figures
Format and save your graphic images using a suitable How to create a PostScript File
graphics processing program that will allow you to create the First, download a PostScript printer driver from
images as PostScript (PS), Encapsulated PostScript (EPS), or http://www.adobe.com/support/downloads/pdrvwin.htm (for
Tagged Image File Format (TIFF), sizes them, and adjusts Windows) or from
the resolution settings. If you created your source files in one http://www.adobe.com/support/downloads/ pdrvmac.htm (for
of the following you will be able to submit the graphics Macintosh) and install the “Generic PostScript Printer”
without converting to a PS, EPS, or TIFF file: Microsoft definition. In Word, paste your figure into a new document.
Word, Microsoft PowerPoint, Microsoft Excel, or Portable Print to a file using the PostScript printer driver. File names
Document Format (PDF). should be of the form “fig5.ps.” Use Open Type fonts when
creating your figures, if possible. A listing of the acceptable
D. Electronic Image Files (Optional) fonts are as follows: Open Type Fonts: Times Roman,
Import your source files in one of the following: Helvetica, Helvetica Narrow, Courier, Symbol, Palatino,
Microsoft Word, Microsoft PowerPoint, Microsoft Excel, or Avant Garde, Bookman, Zapf Chancery, Zapf Dingbats, and
Portable Document Format (PDF); you will be able to submit New Century Schoolbook.
the graphics without converting to a PS, EPS, or TIFF files.
Image quality is very important to how yours graphics will Print Color Graphics Requirements
reproduce. Even though we can accept graphics in many IEEE accepts color graphics in the following formats:
formats, we cannot improve your graphics if they are poor EPS, PS, TIFF, Word, PowerPoint, Excel, and PDF. The
quality when we receive them. If your graphic looks low in resolution of a RGB color TIFF file should be 400 dpi.
quality on your printer or monitor, please keep in mind that When sending color graphics, please supply a high quality
cannot improve the quality after submission. hard copy or PDF proof of each image. If we cannot achieve
If you are importing your graphics into this Word a satisfactory color match using the electronic version of
template, please use the following steps: your files, we will have your hard copy scanned. Any of the
Under the option EDIT select PASTE SPECIAL. A dialog files types you provide will be converted to RGB color EPS
box will open, select paste picture, then click OK. Your files.
figure should now be in the Word Document.
If you are preparing images in TIFF, EPS, or PS format, Web Color Graphics
note the following. High-contrast line figures and tables IEEE accepts color graphics in the following formats:
should be prepared with 600 dpi resolution and saved with no EPS, PS, TIFF, Word, PowerPoint, Excel, and PDF. The
compression, 1 bit per pixel (monochrome), with file names resolution of a RGB color TIFF file should be at least 400
in the form of “fig3.tif” or “table1.tif.” dpi.
Photographs and grayscale figures should be prepared with Your color graphic will be converted to grayscale if no
300 dpi resolution and saved with no compression, 8 bits per separate grayscale file is provided. If a graphic is to appear in
pixel (grayscale). print as black and white, it should be saved and submitted as
a black and white file. If a graphic is to appear in print or on
IEEE Xplore in color, it should be submitted as RGB color.
Sizing of Graphics
Most charts graphs and tables are one column wide (3 1/2 Graphics Checker Tool
inches or 21 picas) or two-column width (7 1/16 inches, 43 The IEEE Graphics Checker Tool enables users to check
picas wide). We recommend that you avoid sizing figures graphic files. The tool will check journal article graphic files
less than one column wide, as extreme enlargements may against a set of rules for compliance with IEEE requirements.
distort your images and result in poor reproduction. These requirements are designed to ensure sufficient image
Therefore, it is better if the image is slightly larger, as a quality so they will look acceptable in print. After receiving
minor reduction in size should not have an adverse affect the a graphic or a set of graphics, the tool will check the files
quality of the image. against a set of rules. A report will then be e-mailed listing
each graphic and whether it met or failed to meet the
Size of Author Photographs requirements. If the file fails, a description of why and
instructions on how to correct the problem will be sent. The
> REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 3

TABLE I
UNITS FOR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
Conversion from Gaussian and
Symbol Quantity
CGS EMU to SI a
 magnetic flux 1 Mx  108 Wb = 108 V·s
B magnetic flux density, 1 G  104 T = 104 Wb/m2
magnetic induction
H magnetic field strength 1 Oe  103/(4) A/m
m magnetic moment 1 erg/G = 1 emu
 103 A·m2 = 103 J/T
M magnetization 1 erg/(G·cm3) = 1 emu/cm3
 103 A/m
4M magnetization 1 G  103/(4) A/m
 specific magnetization 1 erg/(G·g) = 1 emu/g  1 A·m2/kg
j magnetic dipole 1 erg/G = 1 emu
moment  4  1010 Wb·m
J magnetic polarization 1 erg/(G·cm3) = 1 emu/cm3
 4  104 T
,  susceptibility 1  4
 mass susceptibility 1 cm3/g  4  103 m3/kg
 permeability 1  4  107 H/m
Fig. 1. Magnetization as a function of applied field. Note that “Fig.” is = 4  107 Wb/(A·m)
abbreviated. There is a period after the figure number, followed by two r relative permeability   r
spaces. It is good practice to explain the significance of the figure in the w, W energy density 1 erg/cm3  101 J/m3
caption. N, D demagnetizing factor 1  1/(4)

Vertical lines are optional in tables. Statements that serve as captions for
IEEE Graphics Checker Tool is available at the entire table do not need footnote letters.
http://graphicsqc.ieee.org/
a
Gaussian units are the same as cgs emu for magnetostatics; Mx =
maxwell, G = gauss, Oe = oersted; Wb = weber, V = volt, s = second, T =
For more Information, contact the IEEE Graphics H-E-L-P tesla, m = meter, A = ampere, J = joule, kg = kilogram, H = henry.
Desk by e-mail at graphics@ieee.org. You will then receive
an e-mail response and sometimes a request for a sample
graphic for us to check.
density B or magnetic field strength symbolized as µ 0H. Use
E. Copyright Form the center dot to separate compound units, e.g., “A·m 2.”
An IEEE copyright form should accompany your final
submission. You can get a .pdf, .html, or .doc version at
http://www.ieee.org/copyright. Authors are responsible for V. HELPFUL HINTS
obtaining any security clearances.
A. Figures and Tables
Because IEEE will do the final formatting of your paper,
III. MATH you do not need to position figures and tables at the top and
bottom of each column. In fact, all figures, figure captions,
If you are using Word, use either the Microsoft Equation
and tables can be at the end of the paper. Large figures and
Editor or the MathType add-on (http://www.mathtype.com)
tables may span both columns. Place figure captions below
for equations in your paper (Insert | Object | Create New |
the figures; place table titles above the tables. If your figure
Microsoft Equation or MathType Equation). “Float over
has two parts, include the labels “(a)” and “(b)” as part of the
text” should not be selected.
artwork. Please verify that the figures and tables you mention
in the text actually exist. Please do not include captions as
part of the figures. Do not put captions in “text boxes”
IV. UNITS
linked to the figures. Do not put borders around the
Use either SI (MKS) or CGS as primary units. (SI units are outside of your figures. Use the abbreviation “Fig.” even at
strongly encouraged.) English units may be used as the beginning of a sentence. Do not abbreviate “Table.”
secondary units (in parentheses). This applies to papers in Tables are numbered with Roman numerals.
data storage. For example, write “15 Gb/cm 2 (100 Gb/in2).” Color printing of figures is available, but is billed to the
An exception is when English units are used as identifiers in authors. Include a note with your final paper indicating that
trade, such as “3½-in disk drive.” Avoid combining SI and you request and will pay for color printing. Do not use color
CGS units, such as current in amperes and magnetic field in unless it is necessary for the proper interpretation of your
oersteds. This often leads to confusion because equations do figures. If you want reprints of your color article, the reprint
not balance dimensionally. If you must use mixed units, order should be submitted promptly. There is an additional
clearly state the units for each quantity in an equation. charge for color reprints. Please note that many IEEE
The SI unit for magnetic field strength H is A/m. However, journals now allow an author to publish color figures on
if you wish to use units of T, either refer to magnetic flux Xplore and black and white figures in print. Contact your
> REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 4

society representative for specific requirements. unavoidable (for example, “IEEE” in the title of this article).
Figure axis labels are often a source of confusion. Use
D. Equations
words rather than symbols. As an example, write the quantity
“Magnetization,” or “Magnetization M,” not just “M.” Put Number equations consecutively with equation numbers in
units in parentheses. Do not label axes only with units. As in parentheses flush with the right margin, as in (1). First use
Fig. 1, for example, write “Magnetization (A/m)” or the equation editor to create the equation. Then select the
“Magnetization (A m1),” not just “A/m.” Do not label axes “Equation” markup style. Press the tab key and write the
equation number in parentheses. To make your equations
with a ratio of quantities and units. For example, write
more compact, you may use the solidus ( / ), the exp
“Temperature (K),” not “Temperature/K.”
function, or appropriate exponents. Use parentheses to avoid
Multipliers can be especially confusing. Write
ambiguities in denominators. Punctuate equations when they
“Magnetization (kA/m)” or “Magnetization (10 3 A/m).” Do
are part of a sentence, as in
not write “Magnetization (A/m)  1000” because the reader
would not know whether the top axis label in Fig. 1 meant
16000 A/m or 0.016 A/m. Figure labels should be legible,
approximately 8 to 12 point type.
B. References
Number citations consecutively in square brackets [1]. The (1)
sentence punctuation follows the brackets [2]. Multiple
references [2], [3] are each numbered with separate brackets Be sure that the symbols in your equation have been
[1]–[3]. When citing a section in a book, please give the defined before the equation appears or immediately
relevant page numbers [2]. In sentences, refer simply to the following. Italicize symbols (T might refer to temperature,
reference number, as in [3]. Do not use “Ref. [3]” or but T is the unit tesla). Refer to “(1),” not “Eq. (1)” or
“reference [3]” except at the beginning of a sentence: “equation (1),” except at the beginning of a sentence:
“Reference [3] shows ... .” Please do not use automatic “Equation (1) is ... .”
endnotes in Word, rather, type the reference list at the end of E. Other Recommendations
the paper using the “References” style. Use one space after periods and colons. Hyphenate
Number footnotes separately in superscripts (Insert | complex modifiers: “zero-field-cooled magnetization.”
Footnote).1 Place the actual footnote at the bottom of the Avoid dangling participles, such as, “Using (1), the potential
column in which it is cited; do not put footnotes in the was calculated.” [It is not clear who or what used (1).] Write
reference list (endnotes). Use letters for table footnotes (see instead, “The potential was calculated by using (1),” or
Table I). “Using (1), we calculated the potential.”
Please note that the references at the end of this document Use a zero before decimal points: “0.25,” not “.25.” Use
are in the preferred referencing style. Give all authors’ “cm3,” not “cc.” Indicate sample dimensions as “0.1 cm 
names; do not use “et al.” unless there are six authors or 0.2 cm,” not “0.1  0.2 cm2.” The abbreviation for “seconds”
more. Use a space after authors’ initials. Papers that have not is “s,” not “sec.” Do not mix complete spellings and
been published should be cited as “unpublished” [4]. Papers abbreviations of units: use “Wb/m 2” or “webers per square
that have been accepted for publication, but not yet specified meter,” not “webers/m 2.” When expressing a range of values,
for an issue should be cited as “to be published” [5]. Papers write “7 to 9” or “7-9,” not “7~9.”
that have been submitted for publication should be cited as A parenthetical statement at the end of a sentence is
“submitted for publication” [6]. Please give affiliations and punctuated outside of the closing parenthesis (like this). (A
addresses for private communications [7]. parenthetical sentence is punctuated within the parentheses.)
Capitalize only the first word in a paper title, except for In American English, periods and commas are within
proper nouns and element symbols. For papers published in quotation marks, like “this period.” Other punctuation is
translation journals, please give the English citation first, “outside”! Avoid contractions; for example, write “do not”
followed by the original foreign-language citation [8]. instead of “don’t.” The serial comma is preferred: “A, B, and
C. Abbreviations and Acronyms C” instead of “A, B and C.”
Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are If you wish, you may write in the first person singular or
used in the text, even after they have already been defined in plural and use the active voice (“I observed that ...” or “We
the abstract. Abbreviations such as IEEE, SI, ac, and dc do observed that ...” instead of “It was observed that ...”).
not have to be defined. Abbreviations that incorporate Remember to check spelling. If your native language is not
periods should not have spaces: write “C.N.R.S.,” not “C. N. English, please get a native English-speaking colleague to
R. S.” Do not use abbreviations in the title unless they are carefully proofread your paper.

1
It is recommended that footnotes be avoided (except for the unnumbered
footnote with the receipt date on the first page). Instead, try to integrate the
footnote information into the text.
> REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 5

VI. SOME COMMON MISTAKES publications committee; the recommendations of the referees
The word “data” is plural, not singular. The subscript for are advisory only. Undecipherable English is a valid reason
the permeability of vacuum µ 0 is zero, not a lowercase letter for rejection. Authors of rejected papers may revise and
“o.” The term for residual magnetization is “remanence”; the resubmit them to the T RANSACTIONS as regular papers,
adjective is “remanent”; do not write “remnance” or whereupon they will be reviewed by two new referees.
“remnant.” Use the word “micrometer” instead of “micron.”
A graph within a graph is an “inset,” not an “insert.” The
word “alternatively” is preferred to the word “alternately” VIII.PUBLICATION PRINCIPLES
(unless you really mean something that alternates). Use the The contents of IEEE T RANSACTIONS and JOURNALS are
word “whereas” instead of “while” (unless you are referring peer-reviewed and archival. The T RANSACTIONS publishes
to simultaneous events). Do not use the word “essentially” to scholarly articles of archival value as well as tutorial
mean “approximately” or “effectively.” Do not use the word expositions and critical reviews of classical subjects and
“issue” as a euphemism for “problem.” When compositions topics of current interest.
are not specified, separate chemical symbols by en-dashes; Authors should consider the following points:
for example, “NiMn” indicates the intermetallic compound 1) Technical papers submitted for publication must advance
Ni0.5Mn0.5 whereas “Ni–Mn” indicates an alloy of some the state of knowledge and must cite relevant prior work.
composition NixMn1-x. 2) The length of a submitted paper should be commensurate
Be aware of the different meanings of the homophones with the importance, or appropriate to the complexity, of
“affect” (usually a verb) and “effect” (usually a noun), the work. For example, an obvious extension of
“complement” and “compliment,” “discreet” and “discrete,” previously published work might not be appropriate for
“principal” (e.g., “principal investigator”) and “principle” publication or might be adequately treated in just a few
(e.g., “principle of measurement”). Do not confuse “imply” pages.
and “infer.” 3) Authors must convince both peer reviewers and the
Prefixes such as “non,” “sub,” “micro,” “multi,” and editors of the scientific and technical merit of a paper;
“ultra” are not independent words; they should be joined to the standards of proof are higher when extraordinary or
the words they modify, usually without a hyphen. There is no unexpected results are reported.
period after the “et” in the Latin abbreviation “et al.” (it is 4) Because replication is required for scientific progress,
also italicized). The abbreviation “i.e.,” means “that is,” and papers submitted for publication must provide sufficient
the abbreviation “e.g.,” means “for example” (these information to allow readers to perform similar
abbreviations are not italicized). experiments or calculations and use the reported results.
An excellent style manual and source of information for Although not everything need be disclosed, a paper must
science writers is [9]. A general IEEE style guide and an contain new, useable, and fully described information.
Information for Authors are both available at For example, a specimen’s chemical composition need
http://www.ieee.org/web/publications/authors/transjnl/index.html not be reported if the main purpose of a paper is to
introduce a new measurement technique. Authors should
expect to be challenged by reviewers if the results are
VII. EDITORIAL POLICY not supported by adequate data and critical details.
Submission of a manuscript is not required for 5) Papers that describe ongoing work or announce the latest
participation in a conference. Do not submit a reworked technical achievement, which are suitable for
version of a paper you have submitted or published presentation at a professional conference, may not be
elsewhere. Do not publish “preliminary” data or results. The appropriate for publication in a T RANSACTIONS or
submitting author is responsible for obtaining agreement of JOURNAL.
all coauthors and any consent required from sponsors before
submitting a paper. IEEE T RANSACTIONS and JOURNALS
strongly discourage courtesy authorship. It is the obligation IX. CONCLUSION
of the authors to cite relevant prior work. A conclusion section is not required. Although a
The Transactions and Journals Department does not conclusion may review the main points of the paper, do not
publish conference records or proceedings. The replicate the abstract as the conclusion. A conclusion might
TRANSACTIONS does publish papers related to conferences elaborate on the importance of the work or suggest
that have been recommended for publication on the basis of applications and extensions.
peer review. As a matter of convenience and service to the
technical community, these topical papers are collected and APPENDIX
published in one issue of the TRANSACTIONS. Appendixes, if needed, appear before the
At least two reviews are required for every paper acknowledgment.
submitted. For conference-related papers, the decision to
accept or reject a paper is made by the conference editors and
> REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 6

ACKNOWLEDGMENT [25] (Handbook style) Transmission Systems for Communications, 3rd ed.,
Western Electric Co., Winston-Salem, NC, 1985, pp. 44–60.
The preferred spelling of the word “acknowledgment” in [26] Motorola Semiconductor Data Manual, Motorola Semiconductor
American English is without an “e” after the “g.” Use the Products Inc., Phoenix, AZ, 1989.
[27] (Basic Book/Monograph Online Sources) J. K. Author. (year, month,
singular heading even if you have many acknowledgments. day). Title (edition) [Type of medium]. Volume (issue). Available:
Avoid expressions such as “One of us (S.B.A.) would like to http://www.(URL)
thank ... .” Instead, write “F. A. Author thanks ... .” Sponsor [28] J. Jones. (1991, May 10). Networks (2nd ed.) [Online]. Available:
http://www.atm.com
and financial support acknowledgments are placed in the [29] (Journal Online Sources style) K. Author. (year, month). Title. Journal
unnumbered footnote on the first page, not here. [Type of medium]. Volume(issue), paging if given. Available:
http://www.(URL)
[30] R. J. Vidmar. (1992, August). On the use of atmospheric plasmas as
REFERENCES electromagnetic reflectors. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. [Online]. 21(3). pp.
[1] G. O. Young, “Synthetic structure of industrial plastics (Book style with 876–880. Available: http://www.halcyon.com/pub/journals/21ps03-
paper title and editor),” in Plastics, 2nd ed. vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New vidmar
York: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15–64.
[2] W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems (Book style). Belmont, CA:
Wadsworth, 1993, pp. 123–135.
[3] H. Poor, An Introduction to Signal Detection and Estimation. New
York: Springer-Verlag, 1985, ch. 4.
[4] B. Smith, “An approach to graphs of linear forms (Unpublished work First A. Author (M’76–SM’81–F’87) and the other authors may include
style),” unpublished. biographies at the end of regular papers. Biographies are often not included in
[5] E. H. Miller, “A note on reflector arrays (Periodical style—Accepted for conference-related papers. This author became a Member (M) of IEEE in
publication),” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., to be published. 1976, a Senior Member (SM) in 1981, and a Fellow (F) in 1987. The first
[6] J. Wang, “Fundamentals of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers arrays paragraph may contain a place and/or date of birth (list place, then date).
(Periodical style—Submitted for publication),” IEEE J. Quantum Next, the author’s educational background is listed. The degrees should be
Electron., submitted for publication. listed with type of degree in what field, which institution, city, state, and
[7] C. J. Kaufman, Rocky Mountain Research Lab., Boulder, CO, private country, and year degree was earned. The author’s major field of study should
communication, May 1995. be lower-cased.
[8] Y. Yorozu, M. Hirano, K. Oka, and Y. Tagawa, “Electron spectroscopy The second paragraph uses the pronoun of the person (he or she) and not
studies on magneto-optical media and plastic substrate interfaces the author’s last name. It lists military and work experience, including
(Translation Journals style),” IEEE Transl. J. Magn.Jpn., vol. 2, Aug. summer and fellowship jobs. Job titles are capitalized. The current job must
1987, pp. 740–741 [Dig. 9th Annu. Conf. Magnetics Japan, 1982, p. 301]. have a location; previous positions may be listed without one. Information
[9] M. Young, The Techincal Writers Handbook. Mill Valley, CA: concerning previous publications may be included. Try not to list more than
University Science, 1989. three books or published articles. The format for listing publishers of a book
[10] J. U. Duncombe, “Infrared navigation—Part I: An assessment of within the biography is: title of book (city, state: publisher name, year) similar
feasibility (Periodical style),” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. ED-11, to a reference. Current and previous research interests end the paragraph.
pp. 34–39, Jan. 1959. The third paragraph begins with the author’s title and last name (e.g., Dr.
[11] S. Chen, B. Mulgrew, and P. M. Grant, “A clustering technique for Smith, Prof. Jones, Mr. Kajor, Ms. Hunter). List any memberships in
digital communications channel equalization using radial basis function professional societies other than the IEEE. Finally, list any awards and work
networks,” IEEE Trans. Neural Networks, vol. 4, pp. 570–578, Jul. for IEEE committees and publications. If a photograph is provided, the
1993. biography will be indented around it. The photograph is placed at the top left
[12] R. W. Lucky, “Automatic equalization for digital communication,” Bell of the biography. Personal hobbies will be deleted from the biography.
Syst. Tech. J., vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 547–588, Apr. 1965.
[13] S. P. Bingulac, “On the compatibility of adaptive controllers (Published
Conference Proceedings style),” in Proc. 4th Annu. Allerton Conf.
Circuits and Systems Theory, New York, 1994, pp. 8–16.
[14] G. R. Faulhaber, “Design of service systems with priority reservation,”
in Conf. Rec. 1995 IEEE Int. Conf. Communications, pp. 3–8.
[15] W. D. Doyle, “Magnetization reversal in films with biaxial anisotropy,”
in 1987 Proc. INTERMAG Conf., pp. 2.2-1–2.2-6.
[16] G. W. Juette and L. E. Zeffanella, “Radio noise currents n short sections
on bundle conductors (Presented Conference Paper style),” presented at
the IEEE Summer power Meeting, Dallas, TX, Jun. 22–27, 1990, Paper
90 SM 690-0 PWRS.
[17] J. G. Kreifeldt, “An analysis of surface-detected EMG as an amplitude-
modulated noise,” presented at the 1989 Int. Conf. Medicine and
Biological Engineering, Chicago, IL.
[18] J. Williams, “Narrow-band analyzer (Thesis or Dissertation style),”
Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Elect. Eng., Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA,
1993.
[19] N. Kawasaki, “Parametric study of thermal and chemical nonequilibrium
nozzle flow,” M.S. thesis, Dept. Electron. Eng., Osaka Univ., Osaka,
Japan, 1993.
[20] J. P. Wilkinson, “Nonlinear resonant circuit devices (Patent style),” U.S.
Patent 3 624 12, July 16, 1990.
[21] IEEE Criteria for Class IE Electric Systems (Standards style), IEEE
Standard 308, 1969.
[22] Letter Symbols for Quantities, ANSI Standard Y10.5-1968.
[23] R. E. Haskell and C. T. Case, “Transient signal propagation in lossless
isotropic plasmas (Report style),” USAF Cambridge Res. Lab.,
Cambridge, MA Rep. ARCRL-66-234 (II), 1994, vol. 2.
[24] E. E. Reber, R. L. Michell, and C. J. Carter, “Oxygen absorption in the
Earth’s atmosphere,” Aerospace Corp., Los Angeles, CA, Tech. Rep.
TR-0200 (420-46)-3, Nov. 1988.