MATH2023 Multivariable Calculus Problem Set 7

L3 (Fall 2019)

Extra Problem Set 7

Note: The extra problem sets serve as additional exercise problems for your own practice. Some
problems may be a bit more difficult than those you encounter in WeBWorK.

1. Evaluate each of the following surface integrals:

(a) ∬𝑆 𝑥𝑦𝑧 𝑑𝑆 , where 𝑆 is the portion of the plane 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 1 in the first octant.
(b) ∬𝑆[(𝑦 + 1)2 + 𝑧 2 ]𝑑𝑆, where 𝑆 is the portion of the circular cylinder 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 = 4 above
the 𝑥𝑦-plane and between the planes 𝑥 = 1 and 𝑥 = 4.

(c) ∬𝑆(𝑥 4 − 𝑦 4 + 𝑦 2 𝑧 2 − 𝑥 2 𝑧 2 + 1)𝑑𝑆, where 𝑆 is the portion of the cone 𝑧 = √𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 cut

off by the circular cylinder 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 2𝑥.

1
(d) ∬𝑆 𝑑𝑆, where 𝑆 is the surface 2𝑧 = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 with 𝑥 ∈ [0, 1] and 𝑦 ∈ [0, 1].
√𝑧−𝑦+1

2. Consider a thin sheet in ℝ3 which occupies a smooth surface 𝑆. The moment of inertia of
such a thin sheet about the 𝒛-axis is defined by

𝐼𝑧 ≔ ∬𝜌(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧)(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑆 ,

𝑆
where 𝜌(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) is its surface density at (𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧). In particular, if the thin sheet has mass 𝑚
and has uniform surface density 𝜌, then its moment of inertia about the 𝑧-axis becomes
𝑚
𝐼𝑧 = 𝜌 ∬(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑆 = ∬(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑆.
𝑆 ∬𝑆 𝑑𝑆 𝑆
Find the moment of inertia of each of the following thin sheets about the 𝑧-axis, all of which
have mass 𝑚 and uniform surface density:
(a) A circular cone with 𝑧-axis as the axis of symmetry, with base radius 𝑎 and height ℎ (the
flat base is excluded).
(b) A thin spherical shell with radius 𝑎 centered at the origin.
3. The Möbius strip is a smooth surface 𝑆 in ℝ3 which can be parametrized by
𝑢 𝑢 𝑢
𝐫(𝑢, 𝑣) = 〈(2 + 𝑣 sin ) cos 𝑢 , (2 + 𝑣 sin ) sin 𝑢 , 𝑣 cos 〉 , 𝑧
2 2 2
where 𝑢 ∈ [0, 2𝜋] and 𝑣 ∈ [−1, 1]. Note that 𝐫(0, 0) = 〈2, 0, 0〉.
If we fix 𝑣 = 0 and let 𝑢 increase from 0 to 2𝜋 , then it
corresponds to going along the surface once and returning to the 𝑦
𝑆
original point 𝐫(2𝜋, 0) = 〈2, 0, 0〉. Now show that the vectors
𝑥
lim+ (𝐫𝑢 × 𝐫𝑣 )(𝑢, 0) and lim −(𝐫𝑢 × 𝐫𝑣 )(𝑢, 0)
𝑢→0 𝑢→2𝜋

point in opposite directions. [This means that a unit normal vector to 𝑆 at the point (2, 0, 0)
cannot be continuously chosen, and so 𝑆 is not orientable.]

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MATH2023 Multivariable Calculus Problem Set 7
L3 (Fall 2019)

4. For each of the following vector fields 𝐅 and oriented surfaces 𝑆, compute the surface integral

∬𝐅 ⋅ 𝑑𝐒.
𝑆
2
(a) 𝐅(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 〈𝑥 − 𝑦, 𝑦 , 𝑧〉 and 𝑆 is the portion of the plane 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 1 in the first
octant, oriented upward.
(b) 𝐅(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 𝑥 2 𝐢 + 𝑦 2 𝐣 + 𝑧 2 𝐤 and 𝑆 is the portion of the cone 𝑧 2 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 between the
planes 𝑧 = 1 and 𝑧 = 2, oriented downward.
(c) 𝐅(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 〈𝑦 2 , 𝑧, −𝑥〉 and 𝑆 is the portion of the parabolic cylinder 𝑦 2 = 1 − 𝑥 above
the plane 𝑧 = 0 and below the plane 𝑧 = 𝑥, oriented toward the positive 𝑥-axis.
(d) 𝐅(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 2𝑥𝑦𝐢 + 2𝑦𝑧𝐣 + 2𝑥𝑧𝐤 and 𝑆 is the positively oriented surface of the cube cut
from the first octant by the planes 𝑥 = 𝑎, 𝑦 = 𝑎 and 𝑧 = 𝑎, where 𝑎 > 0.
(e) 𝐅(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 〈4𝑥, 4𝑦, 2〉 and 𝑆 is the portion of the paraboloid 𝑧 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 below the
plane 𝑧 = 1, oriented downward.
5. Let 𝐅: ℝ3 → ℝ3 be a vector field defined by
𝐅(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 〈2𝑥, −3𝑦, 𝑧〉
and 𝑆 be the positively oriented surface of the solid enclosed by the cylinder 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 1
and the planes 𝑧 = 0 and 𝑧 = 𝑥 + 2. Evaluate the surface integral

∯𝐅 ⋅ 𝑑𝐒
𝑆
(a) by definition, and
(b) using Gauss’ Divergence Theorem.
6. Let 𝐅: ℝ3 → ℝ3 be a vector field defined by
𝐅(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (𝑥 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑒 𝑧 )𝐢 + [𝑦 + sin(𝑧 − 𝑥)]𝐣 + (𝑧 + 2)𝐤
and 𝑆 be the upward oriented upper hemisphere 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 = 1 above the 𝑥𝑦-plane.
Find the flux of 𝐅 across 𝑆.
7. Let 𝑆 be a positively oriented smooth closed surface in ℝ3 whose interior is the bounded
region 𝐷, and let 𝐅(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 〈𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧〉. Show that the volume of 𝐷 is given by
1
∯𝐅 ⋅ 𝑑𝐒.
3 𝑆
8. Let 𝑆 be a closed surface in ℝ3 whose interior is the bounded region 𝐷, and let 𝑓 and 𝑔 be
functions of three real variables having continuous second partial derivatives. Prove the
following identities using Gauss’ Divergence Theorem.
(a) (Green’s first identity)

∯(𝑓∇𝑔) ⋅ 𝑑𝐒 = ∭ [𝑓(∇ ⋅ ∇𝑔) + ∇𝑓 ⋅ ∇𝑔]𝑑𝑉

𝑆 𝐷
(b) (Green’s second identity)

∯(𝑓∇𝑔 − 𝑔∇𝑓) ⋅ 𝑑𝐒 = ∭ [𝑓(∇ ⋅ ∇𝑔) − 𝑔(∇ ⋅ ∇𝑓)]𝑑𝑉

𝑆 𝐷

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MATH2023 Multivariable Calculus Problem Set 7
L3 (Fall 2019)

9. Using Gauss’ Divergence Theorem, evaluate the surface integral

∯(2𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝑧 2 )𝑑𝑆
𝑆
3
where 𝑆 is the unit sphere in ℝ centered at the origin.
10. For each of the following subsets 𝑋 of ℝ3 , determine whether ℝ3 ∖ 𝑋 is simply-connected.
(a) 𝑋 = {(0, 0, 0)}
(b) 𝑋 = {(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧): 𝑥 = 0 and 𝑧 = 0}, i.e. the entire 𝑦-axis
(c) 𝑋 = {(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧): 𝑥 = 0 and 𝑦 > 0 and 𝑧 = 0}, i.e. the positive 𝑦-axis
(d) 𝑋 = {(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧): 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 ≤ 1}, i.e. the closed unit ball centered at the origin
(e) 𝑋 = {(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧): 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 = 1}, i.e. the unit sphere centered at the origin
(f) 𝑋 = {(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧): 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ≤ 1}, i.e. an infinite solid circular cylinder
(g) 𝑋 = {(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧): 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ≤ 1 and 𝑧 ≥ 0}, i.e. a solid circular half-cylinder
(h) 𝑋 = {(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧): 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 1}, i.e. an infinite circular cylinder
(i) 𝑋 = {(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧): 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 1 and 𝑧 ≥ 0}, a circular half-cylinder
(j) 𝑋 is a solid torus
(k) 𝑋 is (the surface of) a torus
(l) 𝑋 is a simple closed curve
11. Let 𝐅: ℝ3 → ℝ3 be a vector field defined by
𝐅 = 〈𝑥𝑦, 𝑦𝑧, 𝑥𝑧〉
3
and 𝐶 be the triangle in ℝ with vertices (1, 0, 0) , (0, 1, 0) and (0, 0, 1) , oriented
counterclockwise when viewed from the origin. Evaluate

∮𝐅 ⋅ 𝑑𝐫
𝐶
(a) directly by using a parametrization of 𝐶, and
(b) using Stokes’ Theorem.
12. Let 𝐶 be the unit circle in ℝ3 lying on the 𝑥𝑦-plane centered at the origin, oriented
counterclockwise when viewed from above the 𝑥𝑦-plane, and let 𝑆 be the downward oriented
portion of the ellipsoid 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 3𝑧 2 = 1 which lies below the 𝑥𝑦-plane in ℝ3 . Also let
𝐅(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 〈𝑦, −𝑥, 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑧〉 and 𝐆(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 〈𝑥 2 𝑦𝑧, −𝑥𝑦 2 𝑧, −1〉
be vector fields in three dimensions.
(a) Evaluate the line integral of 𝐅 along 𝐶 directly, using a parametrization of 𝐶.
(b) Using (a) or otherwise, find the flux of 𝐆 across 𝑆.

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MATH2023 Multivariable Calculus Problem Set 7
L3 (Fall 2019)

13. Let 𝐶 be a smooth simple closed curve in ℝ3 which lies in a plane with unit normal vector 𝐧
̂,
so that 𝐶 is positively oriented with respect to 𝐧̂. Also let
𝐅(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 〈𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧〉.
(a) Show that for each fixed vector 𝐯 ∈ ℝ3 , we have

∮(𝐯 × 𝐅) ⋅ 𝑑𝐫 = 2 ∬𝐯 ⋅ 𝑑𝐒
𝐶 𝑆
(b) Hence, show that the plane area enclosed by 𝐶 is
1
∮(𝐧̂ × 𝐅) ⋅ 𝑑𝐫.
2 𝐶
Remark: ̂ = 〈0, 0, 1〉, then the area formula in (b) reduces to
Note that if 𝐧
1
∮−𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑦 .
2 𝐶
This agrees with Corollary 6.57 about the area enclosed by a simple closed curve
𝐶 in ℝ2 (which can be identified with a simple closed curve 𝐶 in ℝ3 lying
completely on the 𝑥𝑦-plane).
14. Let 𝐷 be a simply connected region in ℝ3 whose boundary surface 𝑆 is a closed surface
̂. Suppose that 𝐅 and 𝐆 are vector fields in
oriented with an outward unit normal vector 𝐧
three dimensions with components having continuous partial derivatives, and that 𝐅 and 𝐆
satisfy all the following three conditions:
(i) 𝐅 ⋅ 𝐧̂=𝐆⋅𝐧 ̂ at every point on the closed surface 𝑆,
(ii) ∇ ⋅ 𝐅 = ∇ ⋅ 𝐆 on 𝐷, and
(iii) ∇ × 𝐅 = ∇ × 𝐆 on 𝐷.
Show that 𝐅 = 𝐆 on 𝐷.
Hint: Let 𝐇 ≔ 𝐅 − 𝐆. With 𝐷 being simply connected, what does condition (iii) imply
about 𝐇? Our aim is to show that 𝐇 = 𝟎 on 𝐷, which can be done by considering
the triple integral

∭ 𝐇 ⋅ 𝐇 𝑑𝑉 .
𝐷

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