Valve

1. Gate Valve - a valve in which the flow of water is cut off by means of a circular disc fitted against a
machine-smoothed faces, at right angles to the direction of flow.

- a full way valve uses to regulate fluid flow in which on threaded stem raises and lowers a
wedges shaped disk

The most common and widely used gate valve is solid wedge.

Types of gate valves:

Double disc valve – type of gate valve that closes in the same manner of wedged type, except that its
parallel faces drop in a vertical position and are forced apart by the disc spreader. This type of valve is
used in cold liquid and sewage disposal installation.

Wedge shape – it is a type of gate valve that is used where the stems must be installed pointing
downward.

Split wedge disk gate valve – a gate valve in which two pieces of bronze wedge fits against the seat to
restrict the flow.

Solid wedge disk gate valve – a gate valve in which one piece of bronze wedge fits against the seat to
restrict the flow.

Full way gate valve – the valve controlling two or more outlet in a cold-water supply line.

Control gate valve – it is the required valve of the head of each water supplied appliance each slip joints
or non-metallic connections.

2. Globe Valve – the movement of the plane of the disc is parallel to the normal direction of flow of
water through orifice resulting to tortuous passage which offers high pressures. (to throttle water
pressure)

- it has the highest frictional coefficient.

Types of globe valve:

Plug type disc valve – it is a globe valve type that has a wide bearing surface producing good resistance
to the cutting effects of scale, dirt, and other kind of foreign matter found inside the pipe.

Conventional disc valve – it is a globe valve type that has a pressure tight bearing between disc and the
seat recommending for cold water and any temperature services.

Composition disc valve – it is a globe valve type that is used for various types of service on oil, gasoline,
steam, and hot or cold water.

3. Check Valve - a valve that automatically closes to prevent the flow of liquid or gas in a reverse
direction.

- The following type of vale usually operated without manual control.

5. Flush Valve – it’s a device located at the bottom of the tank for the purpose of flushing water clont.

6. Safety Valve - it is valve that is used on cold water systems, heating systems, compressed air lines and
other pipelines with excessive pressure.

7. Foot Valve – located on the lower end of the pump used to prevent lost of priming the pump.

– it is also called as retention valve.

8. Backwater Valve – a valve that shall remain sufficiently open during periods of flow to avoids
screening of solids and fibrous materials and shall not restrict capacities or cause excessive turbulence
during peak loads.

– a device installed in a drainage system to prevent reverse flow.

Types of Backwater:

Balance Valve – the most preferred type of backflow valve because it has the characteristics of
noninterference in the movement of air inside the drainage system.

9. Control Valve – a valve is required a head of each water supplied appliance, each slip joints or
nonmetallic connection.

10. Plug Valve – a valve which is an adaptation of ball valve.

11. Pressure Reducing Valve – a valve which maintains uniform pressure on its outlet side regardless of
its pressure fluctuation on the inlet side above the pressure level.

– a device used to control an incoming high-water pressure into the water

12. TP Valve – the safety valve on a water heater.

13. Angle Valve – it is the required full open valve for a supply pipe to every water heater in a water
distribution system.

14. Ball Valve – Single lever valves used in kitchen sink and lavatory faucets or at shower valves has gain
popularity in plumbing installation today. This because these valves are beautiful and are maintenance
free. These valves work by the principle of a ball valve.

15. Pressure Relief Valve – it is a device installed on top of a pressure tank used to protect against
hydrostatic collapse due to suction or negative pressure resulting from back siphonage in a downfeed
water distribution system.

16. Compression Valve – a valve in which water flow is shut off by a flat disk that is screwed down onto
its seat.

Others:
Ball cock - a valve opened and closed by the fall and rise, respectively, of an attached ball floating on the
surface of the liquid.

- an automatic fill device, most commonly found in the toilet tanks.

Corporation cock – a valve placed on water main to which the water service of the building is connected.

– a valve installed on water service to turn on or off the flow of potable water in the
building.

Pressure cock – tap used to measure pressure in water system.

Corporation stop – a stop valve placed at the connection of the water service pipe to the water main.

Curb stop – a control valve for the water supply of a building, usually placed between the side walk and
the street curb: used to shut off the water supply in case of emergency or should the water supply of
building be discontinued.

Meter Stop – a valve placed at the street side of the water meter and serves as a controlling device for
the building installation.

Curb box – a vertical enclosure with a removable cover providing access to a curb cock.

Regulating equipment – include all valves controls used in plumbing system which are accessible.

Valves up to and including 51 mm in size shall be all Brass.

Valves sizes 102 mm or larger in diameter shall have Cast iron.

Valves sizes less than 102 mm shall have Cast Brass or Bronze bodies.

The simplest and cheapest bonnet design of valve is screwed.

The type of end connection used for valves smaller than 2 inch in diameter is threaded.

When a lift check valve is not working properly, what should be done? Check the lift disk.

Vacuum breaker – the device is used to prevent backflow whereby air is admitted to the supply
whenever a vacuum occurs.

– the device installed above the flood level rim of plumbing fixtures to primarily permit
air from atmosphere to prevent back siphonage of liquid from the fixture.

Backflow preventer – it is a device or means to prevent flow of liquid from returning to the source of
supply. Also called vacuum breaker.

– a device that shall not be located in any area containing fumes that are toxic,
poisonous and corrosive.

When a backflow prevention device does not bear a critical level marking, the part of the device that
shall constitute the critical level is the bottom.

PVB or Pressure Vacuum Breaker Backflow Prevention Assembly – consists of a loaded air inlet valve, an
internally loaded check valve, two properly located test cocks and two isolation gate valves.
RP or Reduced Pressure Principle Backflow Preventer – as a function, it requires 30.5 cm minimum
clearance at bottom for maintenance. May need platform/ladder for test and repair. May discharge
water.

DC or Double Check Valve Backflow Preventer – as a function, it requires 30.5 cm minimum clearance at
bottom for maintenance. May need platform/ladder for test and repair. Does not discharge water.

Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker – upright position has a minimum of 150 mm or listed distance above all
downstream piping and flood level rim of receptor as a function of device assembly.

An approved atmospheric vacuum breaker is installed not less than 152 mm above the flood level rim of
such trapped fixture, so that at no time will any such device be subjected to any backpressure.

Water inlets to water supported aspirators shall be equipped with a listed atmospheric vacuum breaker
mounted at least 152 mm above the aspirator unit.