Scribd
Upload
201 views5 pages

Dynamics of Rigid Bodies-Lecture 2-1

This document provides lecture notes on rigid body dynamics. It covers Newton's laws of motion, kinematics, and graphical methods for analyzing rectilinear motion including displacement-time, velocity-time, and acceleration-time graphs. Examples are given on constructing these graphs and using them to determine velocity, acceleration, and distance traveled for objects with varying motion. The document also discusses acceleration-displacement and velocity-displacement graphs and how to derive acceleration from these. Several problems are presented for students to practice applying these graphical analysis techniques.

Uploaded by

Jaya Mae Mañago
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
201 views5 pages

Dynamics of Rigid Bodies-Lecture 2-1

This document provides lecture notes on rigid body dynamics. It covers Newton's laws of motion, kinematics, and graphical methods for analyzing rectilinear motion including displacement-time, velocity-time, and acceleration-time graphs. Examples are given on constructing these graphs and using them to determine velocity, acceleration, and distance traveled for objects with varying motion. The document also discusses acceleration-displacement and velocity-displacement graphs and how to derive acceleration from these. Several problems are presented for students to practice applying these graphical analysis techniques.

Uploaded by

Jaya Mae Mañago
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

DYNAMICS OF RIGID BODIES

LECTURE HANDOUTS
LECTURE # 2

INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOME:


1. Understand and apply Newton’s Law of Motion of a Particle
2. Examine the fundamental equation of Kinetics for a particle
3.Understand principle of rectilinear kinematics

REVIEW FROM THE PREVIOUS LECTURE


ASSIGNMENT NO. # 1
Try to derive the ”important formulas to remember” from the instantaneous velocity and
acceleration.
PROBLEM SOLVING
1. A ball is released from the bottom of an elevator which is traveling upward with a velocity
of 6 ft/s. If the ball strikes the bottom of the elevator shaft in 3 s, determine the height of
the elevator from the bottom of the shaft at the instant the ball is released. Also, find the
velocity of the ball when it strikes the bottom of the shaft.
2. A small projectile is fired vertically downward into a fluid medium with an initial velocity of
60 m/s. Due to the drag resistance of the fluid the projectile experiences a deceleration
of a = (- 0. 4v3) m/s2, where v is in m/s. Determine the projectile's velocity and position
4s after it is fired.

3. A particle travels along a straight line with a velocity v = (12 - 3t2) m/s, where t is in
seconds. When t = 1s, the particle is located 10 m to the left of the origin. Determine the
acceleration when t = 4 s, the displacement from t = 0 to t = 10 s, and the distance the
particle travels during this time period.

1|Page
RECTILINEAR KINEMATICS: ERRATIC MOTION
When a particle has erratic or changing motion then its position, velocity, and acceleration
cannot be described by a single continuous mathematical function along the entire path. Instead,
a series of functions will be required to specify the motion at different intervals. For this reason, it
is convenient to represent the motion as a graph.
THREE TYPES OF GRAPHICAL METHOD WITH RESPECT TO TIME
1. Displacement – Time Graph (s-t Graph)
Plots of displacement vs time can be used to find velocity vs time curves. Finding the slope
of the line tangent to the motion curve at any point is the velocity at that point. Thus, the
v-t graph can br constructed by finding the slope at various points along s-t graph

2. Velocity – Time Graph (v-t Graph)


Plots of velocity vs time can be used to find acceleration vs time curves. Finding the slope
of the line tangent to the velocity curve at any point is the acceleration at that point. Thus,
the a-t graph can be constructed by finding the slope at various points along v-t graphs.
Additionally, the distance moved of the particle is the area under the v-t graph during time.

3. Acceleration – Time Graph (a-t Graph)


Given the a-t curve, the change in velocity during a time period is the area under the a-t
curve. So we can construct a v-t graph from an a-t graph if we know the initial velocity of
the particle.

2|Page
OTHER IMPORTANT GRAPHS
1. Acceleration – Displacement Graph (a-s Graph)
A more complex case is presented by this graph. The area under the acceleration vs
position / displacement curve represents the change in velocity.
𝑠2
1
(𝑣𝑓 2 − 𝑣𝑖 2 ) = ∫ 𝑎 𝑑𝑠
2 𝑠1

The equation above can be solved for the final velocity, allowing to solve for the velocity
at a point. By doing this repeatedly, we can plot the velocity versus distance.

2. Velocity – Displacement Graph (v-s Graph)


Another complex case is presented by this graph. By reading the velocity at a point on the
curve and multiplying it by the slope of the curve at this same point, we can obtain the
acceleration at the point.

3|Page
𝑑𝑣
𝑎 = 𝑣( )
𝑑𝑠
Therefore, we can obtain a plot of acceleration vs position from the velocity vs
position/displacement curve.

PROBLEM SOLVING
1. If the position of a particle is defined by s = [2 sin (π/5) t + 4] m, where t is in seconds,
construct the s-t, v-t, and a-t graphs for 0 ≤ t ≤ 10 s.
2. The particle travels along a straight line with the velocity described by the graph. Construct
the a-s graph.

3. A car starts from rest and travels along a straight road with a velocity described by the
graph. Determine the total distance traveled until the car stops. Construct the s-t and a-t
graphs.

4|Page
--------------------------- NOTHING FOLLOWS ---------------------------

5|Page

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy