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HandOut (World Biomes)

There are two main types of biomes: terrestrial and aquatic. Terrestrial biomes include deserts, forests, grasslands, and tundra. Deserts cover one fifth of the Earth's surface and experience low rainfall. Forests cover one third and include rainforests, tropical forests, and temperate forests. Grasslands are dominated by grasses rather than trees and include savannas and temperate grasslands. Tundra is the coldest biome and experiences short growing seasons. Aquatic biomes include freshwater biomes of ponds, lakes, rivers and streams as well as marine biomes which cover 70% of the planet's surface like oceans, coral reefs, and estuaries.

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187 views7 pages

HandOut (World Biomes)

There are two main types of biomes: terrestrial and aquatic. Terrestrial biomes include deserts, forests, grasslands, and tundra. Deserts cover one fifth of the Earth's surface and experience low rainfall. Forests cover one third and include rainforests, tropical forests, and temperate forests. Grasslands are dominated by grasses rather than trees and include savannas and temperate grasslands. Tundra is the coldest biome and experiences short growing seasons. Aquatic biomes include freshwater biomes of ponds, lakes, rivers and streams as well as marine biomes which cover 70% of the planet's surface like oceans, coral reefs, and estuaries.

Uploaded by

Jonel Barruga
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© © All Rights Reserved
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World Biomes

What is Biome?

- Biomes are regions of the world with similar climate (weather, temperature) animals
and plants. There are terrestrial biomes (Land) and aquatic biomes, both freshwater
and marine.
- A biome is a large area of land that is classified based on the climate, plants and
animals that make their homes there. Biomes contain ecosystems within the same
area.

Ecosystem- an ecosystem describes a specific area where the organisms work together as
a unit. It could be any size from tiny pool of water to hundreds of square miles of desert.
Each ecosystem is different, and each has established a balance over time that is
important to every form of life within the ecosystem.

Classification of Biomes:

 Land- based biomes are called Terrestrial Biomes.


 Water-based biomes are called Aquatic Biomes.

TERRESTRIAL BIOMES

 Desert Biome- cover about one fifth of the earth’s surface and occur
where rainfall is less the 50 cm/yr.

There are four major types of deserts biome:

1. Hot and Dry Desert- the seasons are generally warm


throughout the year and very hot in the summer. The winters
usually bring little rainfall.

2. Semiarid Desert- the summers are moderately long


and dry, and like hot deserts, the winters normally
bring low concentrations of rainfall.

3. Coastal Desert- the cool winters of coastal deserts are


followed by moderately long warm summer.
4. Cold Desert- these deserts are
characterized by cold winters
with snowfall and high overall
rainfall throughout the winter and
occasionally over the summer.

 Forest Biome- forests are covers about third of the world’s


land. The dense foliage of the tallest trees allows limited
amounts of sunlight to penetrate to the forest floor.

There are four major types of forest biome:

1. Rainforest- is important because they help maintain


global weather and rain. Water that evaporates from
trees falls in other areas as rain.

2. Tropical Forest- is characterized by the greatest diversity of


species. Tropical Forest is there are distinct seasonality: winter is
absent and only two seasons are present (rain and dry).

3. Temperate Forest- soil is fertile, enriched with


decaying litter.

 Grassland biome- Grasslands are characterized as lands dominated by thick grasses


rather than large shrubs or trees.
Characteristics:
- The average temperature range of grasslands is-
40°C to 38°C.
- Grasslands have 50-89cm of precipitation a year.
- Hot summers ad cold winter
- Horses, lions, dear, wolves, birds, grasses

There are two main divisions of grasslands:


1. Savanna- is a grassland with scattered individual trees. The soil of the savanna is
porous with rapid drainage water.

2. Temperate grassland- characterized as


having grasses as the dominant vegetation. Ttees and
large shrubs ate absent.

 Tundra biome- is the coldest of all biomes. Characterized as a level or rolling


treeless plain, slow plants ad a short grass.
Characteristics:
-The tundra has a temperature range of -34°C to 12°C.
- Tundra has 15-25 cm of precipitation per years.
- Extremely cold climate
- Polar bears, wolves, caribou, birds, salmon, grasses, cushion plants.
Tundra is separated into two types:
1. Arctic tundra- is in the northern hemisphere. Known for its cold, desert-like
conditions.

2. Alpine tundra- is in southern hemisphere.


Located on mountains throughout the world at
high altitude where trees cannot grow.
AQUATIC BIOMES

Characteristics of aquatic biomes:

 Freshwater biomes contain water with very low


salt concentrations and include wetlands, lakes,
ponds, rivers and streams.

There are different types of freshwater regions:

1. Ponds and lakes- These regions range in size from just a


few square meters to Streams and rivers

2. Streams and rivers- These are bodies of flowing


water moving in one direction. Streams and rivers
can be found everywhere.

3. Wetlands- are areas where standing water covers the


soil or an area where the ground is very wet. freshwater
wetlands are not connected to the ocean. They can be
found along the boundaries of streams, lakes, ponds or
even in large shallow holes that fill up with rainwater.

 Marine biome is the biggest biome in the world! It covers about 70% of the earth. The
marine biome has a big influence on our terrestrial climate! It provides rain for crops
through evaporation, wind to help circulate air, and affects coastal temperatures.
Marine regions cover about three-fourths of the Earth's surface:

1. Oceans- The largest of all the ecosystems, oceans are


very large bodies of water that dominate the Earth's
surface. The ocean regions are separated into separate
zones:

a. Intertidal zone- is where the ocean meets the land.


b. Pelagic zone- includes those waters further from the land, basically the open
ocean.
c. Benthic zone- is the area below the pelagic zone but does not include the very
deepest parts of the ocean.
d. Abyssal zone- The deep ocean, the abyssal zones along the ocean floors.

2. Coral reefs- are generally found in clear, tropical


oceans. Coral reefs form in waters from the surface to
about 150 feet (45 meters) deep because they need
sunlight to survive.

The three types of reefs:

a. Fringing reefs occur along shorelines of continents and islands and are commonly
found in Hawaii and the Caribbean.
b. Barrier reefs are found farther offshore than fringing reefs, occurring most often
in the Indo-Pacific and Caribbean.
c. Atolls are a series of low coral islands surrounding a central lagoon, frequently
found in the Indo-Pacific.

3. Estuary- is an area where seawater mixes with freshwater. Estuaries can be found
along the coast. Each day as the tide rises, saltwater is brought into the estuary.

References:
http://kids.nceas.ucsb.edu/biomes/index.html

Terrestrial Biomes| CK-12 Foundation


Aquatic Biomes | CK-12 Foundation

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