RIMT-COA

SIRHIND SIDE
MANDI GOBINDGARH

BACH-507

BUILDING SERVICES-II

SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:

Akansha Batra(02) AR.KIRANPREET KAUR
Angadveer singh(05)
Arpit Mehta(08)
Diksha chugh(15)
ISHMINDER SINGH(35)
ESCLATORS
INTRODUCTION
An escalator is a moving staircase – a
conveyor transport device for
carrying people between floors of a
building. The device consists of a
motor-driven chain of individual, linked
steps that move up or down on tracks,
allowing the step treads to remain
horizontal. Escalators are used around
the world ,the principal areas of usage
include department stores, shopping
malls, airports...
COMPONENTS
LANDING PLATFORMS

These two platforms house the curved sections of the

tracks, as well as the gears and motors that drive the
stairs. The top platform contains the motor assembly
and the main drive gear, while the bottom holds the
step return idler sprockets.
 FLOOR PLATE:
It provides a place for the passengers to stand before they
step onto the moving stairs. This plate is flush with the
finished floor is either hinged or removable to allow access
to the machinery below.
• TRUSS: The truss is a
hollow metal structure
that bridges the lower
and upper landings. It is
composed of two side STEPS
sections joined together
with cross braces across
the bottom and just below
the top .The ends of the TRUSS
truss are attached to the
top and bottom landing
platforms via steel or
concrete supports.

• STEPS: The steps are

solid, one piece, die-cast
aluminum or steel. Yellow
demarcation lines may be
added to clearly indicate
•Handrail: The handrail
provides a convenient
handhold for passengers
while they are riding the
escalator ,the handrail is
pulled along its track by a
HANDRAIL
chain that is connected to the
main drive gear by a series of
BALUSTRADE
pulleys

Balustrade:
• consists of the
handrail and the exterior
supporting structure of the
escalator. It is the escalator
exterior components
extending above the steps
and it supports the handrail.
It is either designed as Interior
Low-deck or Interior High-
deck
• Tracks: The track
system is built into the
truss to guide the step
chain, which
continuously pulls the
steps from the bottom
platform and back to the
top in an endless loop.
There are actually two
tracks: one for the front
wheels of the steps (called
step-wheel track) and one
for the back wheels of
the steps (called the
trailer-wheel track). The
relative positions of these
tracks cause the steps to
form a staircase as they
move out from under the
SECTIONS
SECTIONS
 Escalator truss
connects to the
landing platform
(lower left). Also
visible: exposed drive
gears (center) for View of escalator steps
steps and handrail on continuous chain
drive (left)

A "freestanding" escalator
reveals its inner components
through the transparent
truss.
 FUTURE
ESCALATORS
THE NEXT TO BE BUILT
STAIRS MECHANICAL
BE SPIRAL. THIS
MAKES LESS SPACE
TO OCCUPY THE
EXISTING
ESCALATORS.
 Classifications
• According to shape
Escalators have three typical configuration
options:
Parallel -up and down escalators "side
by side or separated by a distance", seen often in metro stations and
multilevel motion picture theaters .

Parallel -up and down escalators "side by side or separated by a distance", seen
often in metro stations and multilevel motion picture theaters.
• Crisscross
Minimizes structural
space requirements by
"stacking" escalators
that go in one
direction, frequently
used in department
stores or shopping
centers
• Multiple parallel
Two or more escalators
together that travel in one
direction next to one or
two escalators in the same
bank that travel in the
other direction Escalators
are required to have moving
handrails that keep pace with
the movement of the steps.
The direction of movement
(up or down) can be
permanently the same, or be
controlled by personnel
according to the time of
day, or automatically
Escalators Proper
inclination

Angle of Inclination - It shall not be

in excess of 30 degrees from the
horizontal excepting that with an
escalator having a vertical rise
not exceeding 6 metres an angle
up to 35 degrees may be
permitted.
 Uses of Escalators
Escalators are used to
move pedestrian traffic in places
where elevators would be impractical
They have the capacity to move
large numbers of people,

They can be placed in the same physical

space as one might install a staircase.
They have no waiting interval (except
during very heavy traffic).

They can be used to guide people

toward main exits or special exhibits,
They may be weatherproofed for
outdoor use.
 STANDARDS
Escalators, like moving walkways, are powered by constant-speed alternating
current motors and move at approximately 1–2 feet (0.30 –0.61 m) per second.

Width - The width between balustrades shall be measured on the incline at a point 68.5 cm
vertically above the nose line of the steps, and shall not be less than the width of the step.
It shall not exceed the width of the step by -more than ~33 cm with a maximum of 16.5
cm on either side of the escalator.
Properly bevelled vertical mouldings projecting not more -than 6.5 mm, that cover joints
of panels.

Change in Width Between Balustrades - There shall be no abrupt changes in the width between
the balustrading on the two sides of the escalator.. -Where a change in width is
unavoidable, such change shall not exceed 8 percent of the greatest width. In changing the
direction of the balustradmg resulting from a reduction in width the maximum allowable
angle of change in the balustrading shall not exceed 15 degrees from the line of the
escalator travel.
 STANDARDS
Clearance Between Balustrades and Steps - The clearance on either side of the steps between the
steps and the adjacent skirt guard shall be not more than 5 mm and the sum of the
clearances on both sides shall be not more than 6 mm.

Handrail-Each moving handrail shall extend at normal handrail height not less than 30 cm.
beyond the line of points of the combplate teeth at the upper and lower landings.

Distance Between Handrails-The horizontal distance between the centre lines of the two
handrails, measured on the incline, shall not exceed the width between the balustrades by
more than 15 cm, with a maximum of 7.5 cm on either side of the escalator.

Steps Material and Type-Step frames shall be made of incombustibIe material. Step treads shall
be horizontal and made of incombustible material and shall afford a secure foothold.

Dimensions of Steps - The depth of any step tread in the direction of travel shall be not less
than 40 cm and the rise between treads shall be not more than 22 cm. The width of a step
tread shall be not less than 40 cm nor more than 102 cm.
STANDARDS

Dimensions of Steps - The depth of any step tread in the direction of travel shall be not less
than 40 cm and the rise between treads shall be not more than 22 cm. The width of a step
tread shall be not less than 40 cm nor more than 102 cm.

Clearance Between Steps - The maximum clearance ‘between step treads on the horizontal run
shall be 4 mm.

Slotting of Step Treads - The tread surface of each step shall be slotted in a direction parallel to
the travel of the steps. Each slot shall be not more than 6.5 mm wide and not less than 9.5
mm deep; and the distance from centre to centre of adjoining slots shall benot more than
9.5 mm.
Escalator Width
24 inch wide escalators accommodate
a single person without room for any
extra items or people. These are generally
used in low traffic areas or where space is
tight.
32 inch wide escalators
accommodate a single person and a
suitcase or package. These are used at
moderate traffic areas.
40 inch wide escalators
accommodate two people side-by-side
and allow a person to pass a stationary
person. These are recommended for high
traffic applications.
Escalator Dimensions
Hong Kong
In Hong Kong, the
Central - Mid-
Levels Escalator system
is the longest outdoor
covered escalator in
the world.

The escalator runs

a length of 800 meters
and climbs 135 meters in
elevation. To ride
the length of the
escalator takes
approximately 20 minutes.
Safety cautions
• Escalator safety is a big
concern, especially for
children. Each year,
escalator accidents are
responsible for numerous
trips to the emergency
room. These accidents can
occur due to loose
scarves, shoe strings or
other articles of clothing
becoming stuck in the
escalator. Little hands and
feet have been caught in
escalators as well.
• Safety tips should be
posted on every escalator
and moving walk to