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Grease Analysis: Wouahbi Fatima Zahra/Lubricant Specialist

This document discusses various tests used to analyze grease properties. It describes grease penetration testing to determine consistency grade. It also outlines tests for stability, drop point, oil separation, water resistance, oxidation stability, corrosion protection, leakage tendency, extreme pressure properties, and adhesion. These tests evaluate important grease characteristics such as hardness, shear resistance, maximum operating temperature, oil bleeding, rust prevention, and wear/load protection.

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Yasir Khan
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153 views18 pages

Grease Analysis: Wouahbi Fatima Zahra/Lubricant Specialist

This document discusses various tests used to analyze grease properties. It describes grease penetration testing to determine consistency grade. It also outlines tests for stability, drop point, oil separation, water resistance, oxidation stability, corrosion protection, leakage tendency, extreme pressure properties, and adhesion. These tests evaluate important grease characteristics such as hardness, shear resistance, maximum operating temperature, oil bleeding, rust prevention, and wear/load protection.

Uploaded by

Yasir Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Grease Analysis

WOUAHBI FATIMA ZAHRA/LUBRICANT SPECIALIST


Grease Tests
Grease

Because of solid or semi-solid


nature of grease, tests on
grease are different from oil
tests.
Following slides cover key
tests.

Vintage Grease Cans


WOUAHBI FATIMA ZAHRA/LUBRICANT SPECIALIST
Grease Tests Penetration (consistency) is a measure of relative
hardness. The higher the penetration value, the softer the
Penetration
grease.The consistency of the grease is an important
Grease
ASTM D217
factor in its ability to lubricate, seal and remain in place
and in the method it can be applied.

Test Method
The penetration (or consistency)
of a grease is the penetration
depth at 25°C of a 100g cone.
We deduce the NLGI grade.

Unit :0.1 mm Standardized cone sinks under its own


weight into a sample of grease at 25°C for 5s.
The penetration value is the depth measured
measured in 0.1mm
WOUAHBI FATIMA ZAHRA/LUBRICANT SPECIALIST
Grease Tests
Penetration Grease
ASTM D217

Greases are graded by the


National Lubricating
Grease Institute (NLGI)
classification based on
ASTM D217 Test.
Notice that the grease has been worked for 60
double strokes in the standard worker

WOUAHBI FATIMA ZAHRA/LUBRICANT SPECIALIST


Grease Tests The consistency of grease may change with its history.
Indeed, mechanical shearing can change size and
Stability
dispersion of thickener particles.
Grease
ASTM D217
The ability of grease to resist changes in consistency
during continuous mechanical service is referred to as
mechanical Stability.

Test Method
Prolonged Worked Stability

Decreasing in consistency after mechanical working


in the working device
We measure the difference in penetration between 60 and
100000 worker cycles.

Unit :0.1 mm

WOUAHBI FATIMA ZAHRA/LUBRICANT SPECIALIST


Grease Tests To establish "worked penetration", grease is subjected to
strokes in a grease worker where the grease is forced
Grease Worker
backwards and fowards through perforated disc.
Grease

WOUAHBI FATIMA ZAHRA/LUBRICANT SPECIALIST


Grease Tests Roll Stability Test which operates at higher shear
conditions gives a quicker result than the previous test
Roll Stability Grease
ASTM D1831

Test Method
Roll Stability Test
50g grease sample is put into a cylinder containing 5 kg steel roller. The
cylinder is rotating at 165 rpm for 2h. The inner roller rolls over the grease
working it during the test.
The change between before and after penetration gives mechanical stability.

Unit :0.1mm

WOUAHBI FATIMA ZAHRA/LUBRICANT SPECIALIST


Grease Tests
Roll Stability Grease
ASTM D1831

Test Method This test has been made to


Shell Roll Stability Test
replicate the rolling action
experienced by a grease in
roller bearing

WOUAHBI FATIMA ZAHRA/LUBRICANT SPECIALIST


Grease Tests As the temperature increases, grease softens and flows.
The drop point of a grease is the temperature at which it
Drop Point
passes from a semi solid to a liquid state.
Grease
ASTM D566

Test Method
Dropping point Test

Sample is heated at prescribed rate until a liquid drop falls.


The grease flows under its own weight.
Maximum operating temperature is widely lower.
(30 to 50°C) below Drop Point.

Unit :°C

WOUAHBI FATIMA ZAHRA/LUBRICANT SPECIALIST


Grease Tests Oil Separation or Bleeding Test evaluates tendency of oil
to separate from grease while stored in a container
Oil Separation Grease
ASTM D1742

Test Method
Static Bleed Test

Grease sample is put on a sieve.


A slight pressure is applied above the grease by loading weight.
We measure the percent of oil bleeded from grease after 7
days at 40°C.
Bleeding depends at varying rates on gel structure, nature and viscosity
of base oils, and applied pressure and temperature

Unit : %

WOUAHBI FATIMA ZAHRA/LUBRICANT SPECIALIST


Grease Tests Evaluates water resistance of a grease
Water Washout Grease
ASTM D1264

Test Method
Water Washout Test

In this test, a bearing packed with grease is sprayed


with water, and the amount of grease lost at the end
of the test is a measure of its resistance to water
washout.

Unit : %

WOUAHBI FATIMA ZAHRA/LUBRICANT SPECIALIST


Grease Tests Evaluates the grease resistance to oxidation when stored
in an oxygen sealed system at high temperature.
Oxidation Stability
We measure the amount of oxygen absorption in term of
Grease
ASTM D942
pressure drop.

Test Method
Bomb Oxidation Test

Five cups are filled with grease and placed in


a sealed oxygen bomb system. The system is
pressurized to 110 psi with oxygen and
heated in a bath at 100°C. The pressure drop
is recorded after 100h

Unit : %

WOUAHBI FATIMA ZAHRA/LUBRICANT SPECIALIST


Grease Tests Evaluates Anti Rust properties of a grease on ball bearing
under severe conditions
Corrosion test Grease
ASTM D 6138

Test Method
SKF EMCOR Test

The grease is tested during 110 hours on


bearing rotating at 80 rpm in the presence of
water (distilled, salted or synthetic sea water)

Scale Rating from 0 (No Rust) to 5 (Significat traces of Rust).

Level 0 Level 5

WOUAHBI FATIMA ZAHRA/LUBRICANT SPECIALIST


Grease Tests Evaluates the leakage tendency by simulating real conditions of
grease operating in bearings. The loss of grease after running
Wheel Bearing
under specified conditions for a given time is measured.
Grease
ASTM D 1263

Test Method
Wheel Bearing Test

Grease is put in a wheel rocket with needle roll bearing.


The whole runs for 6h at 104°C.
We measure the grease loss and note the conditions of the
bearing.

Unit : g

WOUAHBI FATIMA ZAHRA/LUBRICANT SPECIALIST


Grease Tests Determinates weld load grease , Extreme Pressure
property
4 Balls Weld Grease
ASTM D 2596

Test Method
4 Balls Test

The grease is tested in a four ball system consisting of a rotating ball


sliding with an adjustable test force on three balls identical to it.
The test load is raised in stages until welding of the four balls systems
occurs.
It measures weld load

Unit : Kg

WOUAHBI FATIMA ZAHRA/LUBRICANT SPECIALIST


Grease Tests Determinates wear properties for lubricants
4 Balls Wear Grease
ASTM D 2266

Test Method
4 Balls Test
The lubricant is tested in a four ball system consisting of
a rotating ball (running ball), sliding on three balls
identical to it (stationaryballs) under a specified test
load.
At the end of the test duration, the scars on the three
stationary balls are measured

Unit : mm

WOUAHBI FATIMA ZAHRA/LUBRICANT SPECIALIST


Grease Tests Determinates Extreme Pressure and Adhesiveness
EP & Adhesiveness properties for grease applied on open gears.
Grease

Test Method
Timken Retention Test
The cage is coated with a grease sample. the
system is rotated under a predemintaed
weight. We measure the time when seizure
occurs.

Unit : min

WOUAHBI FATIMA ZAHRA/LUBRICANT SPECIALIST


Hi, I'am looking
for Elbow grease

WOUAHBI FATIMA ZAHRA/LUBRICANT SPECIALIST

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