ABOC/ATC days

Electrical Network:
Selectivity and Protection Plan

José Carlos GASCON

TS–EL Group 22 January 2007
 Summary

™ Introduction
™ Selectivity
™ CERN HV electrical
™ 29th July 2006
™ Selectivity at CERN
™ Project Planning

Prepared by José
José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007
 Introduction
F Protection system in the electrical network
™ Switchgear: in charge of clearing faults
™ Sensors: providing measurements to detect faults
™ Protective relays: processing measurements and ordering to clear faults

Source

Switchgear Order

Measurement
Sensor

Protective
Protected relay
area

Prepared by José
José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007
 Introduction

F Why protection system is needed

™ Personnel safety against electrical hazards
™ Avoid equipment stress: thermal, electrical and mechanical damages
™ Assure network stability
™ Clear electrical faults and maintain service continuity

F Features of protection system

™ Fast
™ Reliable
™ Selective

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José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007
 Selectivity
F Definition
™ Discrimination between protection systems, isolating a faulty area
of the electrical network as quickly as possible and leaving all the
fault-free areas energized

F How to do
™ Time based discrimination
™ Current based discrimination
™ Logic discrimination
™ Directional protection discrimination
™ Differential protection discrimination
™ Combined

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José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007
 Selectivity
F Parameters
™ The complexity and size of the electrical network
™ Network architecture
™ Existing sources and their response in the event of a fault
™ Operating time of each protection system
™ Backup time
™ Compromise continuity of service vs. degree of protection

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José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007
 Selectivity: examples
Radial distribution
Loop distribution (ex.: SPS)

!! !

!! !

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José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007
 CERN HV Electrical Network
F Complexity
™ Voltage levels: 400kV, 130kV, 66kV, 20kV, 18kV and 3,3kV
™ 94 HV substations: 38 LHC, 26 SPS and 30 Meyrin
™ 4 sources: EDF (400kV & 20kV), EOS and Diesel Generators
™ 3 different interconnected networks by site:
o LHC: Machine, General Services and Safety (Assured)
o SPS: Pulsed, Stable and Safety (Assured)
o Meyrin: Pulsed, General Services and Safety (Assured)
™ Sites interconnected by 18kV links
™ Power flow direction depending on the configuration
™ About 1,000 protective relays and switchgears
™ Compensators and harmonic filters
™ Diversity of loads: pumps, converters, dipoles, transformers, compressors

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José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007
 CERN HV Electrical Network
F Protection system
™ Switchgears from all ages: specific clearing time for each generation
™ Different technologies in protective relays
40% digital, 40% electronics and 20% electromechanical

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José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007
 29th July 2006 (I)
EDF- 400 kV
1st fault events
T5
400/66 kV
110 MVA
™ 1 ph. fault detected in neutral reactance
SEH9 – 66kV

EHD27 EHD21
™ 3 ph. detected by all prot. but blocked
EHT7/E9
66/18 kV
70 MVA
™ Protections trip 66kV and 130kV sources
201 200
BE9 – 18kV
412 EHT102/1E
66/18kV
ASS N.A. SPS 70MVA
HALL LOOP LOOP

LHC LOOP !
901 900 ! 800 801
SEM12 – 18kV
701 802 Earthing
! transformer !

MEYRIN SITE
.... ! 209
ME9 – 18kV
114

311 104 204 210 304

ME10 – 18kV

EHT612/1E
130/18 kV
60 MVA

EOS - 130 kV

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José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007
 29th July 2006 (II)
EDF- 400 kV
2nd fault after “autotransfer system”
T5
400/66 kV
110 MVA
™ 3 ph. detected by all prot. but blocked
SEH9 – 66kV

EHD27 EHD21
™ Protection trips at 66kV source
EHT7/E9
66/18 kV
70 MVA

! 201 200
BE9 – 18kV
412 EHT102/1E
!
66/18kV
ASS N.A. SPS ! 70MVA
HALL LOOP LOOP

LHC LOOP

901 ! 900 ! 800 801

SEM12 – 18kV
701 802 Earthing
! transformer

MEYRIN SITE
.... ! 209
ME9 – 18kV
114

311 104 204 210 304

ME10 – 18kV

EHT612/1E
130/18 kV
60 MVA

EOS - 130 kV

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José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007
 29th July 2006: consequences
F Power cuts
™ LHC General Services
™ SPS Stable loop
™ North Area Stable loop
™ Meyrin site: West Area and PS, ISOLDE and Administrative loops

F After analyse of the event

™ Difficult selectivity between 66kV and 18kV levels
™ Backup time not adapted for this scenario
™ If selectivity, power cut reduced to the Meyrin site and lower
reestablishment time

Prepared by José
José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007
 29th July 2006: selective
EDF- 400 kV

T5
400/66 kV
110 MVA

SEH9 – 66kV

EHD27 EHD21

EHT7/E9
66/18 kV
70 MVA

201 200
BE9 – 18kV
412 EHT102/1E
66/18kV
ASS N.A. SPS 70MVA
HALL LOOP LOOP

LHC LOOP !
!
901 900 800 801
SEM12 – 18kV
701 802 Earthing
! transformer !

MEYRIN SITE
.... ! 209
ME9 – 18kV
114

311 104 204 210 304

ME10 – 18kV

EHT612/1E
130/18 kV
60 MVA

EOS - 130 kV

Prepared by José
José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007
 Selectivity at CERN
F Implemented selectivity
™ 400kV backup agreed with EDF
™ LHC General Services and Machine
™ SPS pulsed and stable loops
™ PS, ISOLDE and Administrative loops

F Non-selective areas (tripping 66 kV)

™ Autotransfert system (BE9, SEM12 and ME9 substations)
™ West Area
™ North Area
™ LHC-1 and LHC-5 (in project)

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 Planning (I)

F Activities in progress
™ Catalogue of protective relays: 60% completed
™ Short circuit calculations: under approval

F Selectivity Phase 1 (April 2007)

™ Selectivity study for the non-selective areas
™ Data base for all protective relays installed
™ Provisional solution for the non-selective areas

Prepared by José
José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007
 Planning (II)

F Selectivity Phase 2 (January 2008)

™ Definitive solution for non-selective areas
™ Complete selectivity map for main substations and
configurations
™ Implementation
™ Commissioning

F Selectivity Phase 3 (in the course of 2008)

™ Selectivity map for the whole CERN HV network
™ Transient simulations for main substations (BE, BE9, ME10,
ME9, SEM12)

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 ABOC/ATC days

Electrical Network:
Selectivity and Protection Plan

Questions?

José Carlos GASCON

TS–EL Group 22 January 2007