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Flamability Diagram

The document discusses a flammability diagram showing how the addition of inert gases to a hydrocarbon gas and air mixture narrows the flammable range and lowers the oxygen content required for combustion. It also describes how purging a tank with inert gas can reduce hydrocarbon and oxygen levels safely below flammable limits before introducing air.

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Xahid Hasan
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41 views2 pages

Flamability Diagram

The document discusses a flammability diagram showing how the addition of inert gases to a hydrocarbon gas and air mixture narrows the flammable range and lowers the oxygen content required for combustion. It also describes how purging a tank with inert gas can reduce hydrocarbon and oxygen levels safely below flammable limits before introducing air.

Uploaded by

Xahid Hasan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Flamability Diagram:

The line AB represents the concentration of a mixture that includes air and hydrocarbon
gases only. All the points to the left of the line AB include the inert gas in the mixture.
Those to right of the line AB and on the line AB don’t include inert gas.

When inert gas is added to the tank atmosphere, the concentration inside the tank changes
drastically. So does the upper and lower flammable limit of the mixture. It can be seen
from the diagram that the UFL and LFL narrows down to converge at point E when inert
gas is added. The point E corresponds to an oxygen content of 11%. No hydrocarbon
gas/air mixture can burn at this oxygen level.
It can be inferred that the flammability range of a mixture decreases with addition of inert
gas.

Now let's assume a mixture of hydrocarbon gas, air, inert gas such that it is at point a F in
the graph.
When air is introduced into an inert mixture ( point F), its composition moves along the
FA & therefore enters the shaded area of flamable mixtures & hence it poses a fire
hazard.
To tackle this, we need to first Purge the tank with inert gas to drop down the percentage
of hydrocarbon & Oxygen both. The inert gas has O2 concentration below 5%.
The purging is continued till the mixture reaches point H. From H if the mixture is
diluted with air of 21% oxygen, it will follow the line HA, which doesn't fall in
flammable range. Hence safe condition is maintained throughout the process.
Any inert mixture in the region above the line GA (critical dilution line) pass through a
flammable condition as they are mixed with air-for example during gas freeing operation.
Those below the line GA, such as those represented by point H, don not became
flammable when air is mixed with them.

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