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Unit I Wave Mechanics & X-Ray Diffraction Tutorial

The document provides 12 problems related to wave mechanics and X-ray diffraction. The problems calculate de Broglie wavelengths for particles like electrons and protons moving at different velocities. They also relate uncertainties in position and momentum for particles based on their de Broglie wavelengths. Other concepts covered include phase and group velocities of de Broglie waves, and comparing wavelengths of particles with equal kinetic energies.

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Vineet Vats
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599 views2 pages

Unit I Wave Mechanics & X-Ray Diffraction Tutorial

The document provides 12 problems related to wave mechanics and X-ray diffraction. The problems calculate de Broglie wavelengths for particles like electrons and protons moving at different velocities. They also relate uncertainties in position and momentum for particles based on their de Broglie wavelengths. Other concepts covered include phase and group velocities of de Broglie waves, and comparing wavelengths of particles with equal kinetic energies.

Uploaded by

Vineet Vats
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit – I

Wave Mechanics & X-ray Diffraction


Tutorial Sheet – 1
1. Calculate the de-Broglie wavelength associated with the following:
a) A golf ball of 50g moving with a velocity of 20 m/sec. (Ans: 6.625 x 10-34 m)
b) A proton moving with a velocity of 2200 m /sec. (Ans: 1.80 Ǻ)
c) An electron moving with a kinetic energy of 10 eV. (Ans: 3.9 Ǻ)

2. What is the de-Broglie wavelength of an electron which has been accelerated from rest through a
potential difference of 100 eV? (Ans: 1.225 Ǻ)

3. Calculate the de-Broglie wavelength associated with a proton moving with a velocity equal to
(1/20)th of the velocity of light. (Ans: 2.64 x 10-14 m)

4. Find the energy of the neutron in units of electron volt whose de-Broglie wavelength is 1 Ǻ. (Ans:
8.13 x 10-2 eV)

5. What voltage must be applied to an electron microscope to produce electrons of wavelength 0.40
Ǻ? (Ans: 960 V)

6. X-rays of wavelength 0.82 Ǻ fall on a metal plate. Find the wavelength associated with the photo-
electrons emitted. Neglect the work function. (Ans: 0.1 Ǻ)

7. What would be the wavelength of quantum of radiant energy emitted, an electron transmitted
into radiation and converted into one quantum. (Ans: 0.0244 Ǻ)

8. Compute the de-Broglie wavelength of a proton whose kinetic energy is equal to the rest energy
of an electron. Mass of a photon is 1836 times that of the electron. (Ans: 0.004 Ǻ)

9. Energy of particle at absolute temperature T is of the order of kT. Calculate the wavelength of
thermal neutrons at 270C. Given mass of the neutron =1.67 x 10-27 kg, Planck’s constant h = 6.60 x
10-34 J-s, Boltzmann’s constant k = 8.6 x 10-5 eV deg-1. (Ans: 1.777 Ǻ)

10. The average kinetic energy of neutrons, atoms and molecules is also expressed in terms of
temperature through the equipartition law E = 3kT/2. Write down the de-Broglie formula for
such particles whose energy corresponds to temperature T. Hence, determine the wavelength of
thermal neutrons; given the rest mass of the neutron is 1.67 x 10-27 kg. (Ans: 1.46 x 10-10 m)

11. Show that the de-Broglie wavelength for a material particle of rest mass mo and charge q
accelerated from rest through a potential difference of V volts relativistically is given by
{ }
1/2
λ = h / 2m0 qV 1 + qV / 2m0c 2 
12. A particle has rest mass mo has a kinetic energy K. What will be the value of λ if K << m0 c 2 .
By - Deepika Gupta, Lecturer SIET, Gr. Noida
Unit – I
Wave Mechanics & X-ray Diffraction
Tutorial Sheet – 2
1. A fast moving neutron is found to have an associated de-Broglie wavelength of 2x10-12 m. find
the kinetic energy, phase velocity and group velocity of de-Broglie waves ignoring the relativistic
change in mass. (Ans: 3.280 x10-17 J, 1.98 x105 m/s, 4.55 x1011 m/s)

2. Calculate the wavelength associated with an electron having kinetic energy equal to 1.512 MeV.
Rest mass energy = 0.512 MeV. (Ans: 0.006348 Ǻ)

3. Calculate de-Broglie wavelength associated with nitrogen at 3.0 atmospheric pressure and 270C
mass of N2-atom = 4.65 x10-26 kg. (Ans: 0.2754 Ǻ)

4. Show that de-Broglie wave velocity is a function of wavelength even in free space.

5. The de-Broglie wavelength associated with an electron is 2x10-12 m. Find its kinetic energy, group
velocity and phase velocity. (Ans: 293.64 keV, 0.774 c, 1.29 c)

6. Show that the phase velocity of de-Broglie wave is greater than the velocity of light.

7. A proton and electron have equal kinetic energies. Compare their de-Broglie wavelengths.

8. Prove that de-Broglie wavelength of a photon is equal to the wavelength of the radiation.

9. If uncertainty in a position of an electron is 4x10-10 m, calculate the uncertainty in its momentum.


(Ans: 1.65x10-24 kg m/s)

10. Show that if the uncertainty in the location of a particle is equal to de-Broglie wavelength, the
uncertainty in its velocity is equal to its velocity.

11. Calculate the smallest possible uncertainty in the position of an electron moving with velocity
3x107 m/sec. (Ans: 0.019 Ǻ)

12. Compare the uncertainties in the velocities of an electron and a proton confined to 1 nm box.
Their masses are 9.10x10-31kg and 1.67x10-27kg respectively.

By - Deepika Gupta, Lecturer SIET, Gr. Noida

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