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Lesson 2: Illustrating Arithmetic Sequences

Learning Competency
Illustrate an arithmetic sequence
M10AL-Ib-1

Objectives
1. Illustrate an arithmetic sequence
2. Identify the next terms based on the given terms

Discussion
Below are squares formed by matchsticks.

Count the number of matchsticks in each figure and record the results in a table.
Number of Squares 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Number of Matchsticks
Guide Questions
1. Is there a pattern in the number of matchsticks? If there is, describe it.
2. What is the difference between any two consecutive terms?

The above activity illustrates a sequence where the difference between any two
consecutive terms is constant. This constant is called the common difference and the said
sequence is called an arithmetic sequence.
An arithmetic sequence is a sequence that is generated by adding a constant called
the common difference.
Example 1
Is 1, 4, 7, 10, … a sequence? Look how its terms are being generated. Can you see
a pattern?
4–1=3 7–4=3 10 – 7 =3

The difference between two consecutive terms is constant 3. Hence, the given is an
arithmetic sequence with the common difference of 3 or in symbol d = 3.
Example 2
Is 4, 12, 21, 30, … a sequence? Look how its terms are being generated. Can you
see a pattern?
30 – 21 = 9 21 – 12 = 9 12 – 4 = 8

The difference between two consecutive terms is not constant. Hence, the given is
not an arithmetic sequence. What do you think must be the first term to make it an
arithmetic sequence?

Example 3
2 2 4
Is , 0, − , − , −2, … an arithmetic sequence? Let us see if the difference
3 3 3
between two consecutive terms is constant.
2 2 2 2 4 2 4 2
0− = −
3 3
− − 0 = − 3
− − (− 3) = − 3 + 3 −2 − (− 43) = −2 + 43
3 3
−2 −2•3+4
= 3 = 3
2 −6+4
= −3 = 3
−2
= 3
2
= −3
2
The difference between two consecutive terms is constant − . Hence, the given is
3
2 2
an arithmetic sequence with the common difference of − or in symbol d = − .
3 3

Example 4
11 10 8
Is 4, , , 3 , , … an arithmetic sequence? Let us see if the difference between
3 3 3
two consecutive terms is constant.
8 8−3•3 10 −10 + 9 10 11 −1 11 11−12
− 3 = 3 − = − = − 4 =
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
8−9 −1 1 −1
= 3 = = −3 = 3
3
−1 1 1
= 3 = −3 = −3
1
= −3
1
The difference between two consecutive terms is constant − . Hence, the given is
3
1 1
an arithmetic sequence with the common difference of − or in symbol d = − .
3 3
Activity 2
Cross out the term that is not belong to each sequence. Then, write the common
difference and the correct term on the space provided. Show your solutions.
Common
Incorrect Arithmetic Sequences Correct Term
Difference
Example 4–2=2 Let N be the
correct term
2, 4, 6, 8, 11, 12 6–4=2
8–6=2 N–8=2
11 – 8 = 3 N=2+8
12 – 11 = 1 𝑁 = 10
d=2
5 – ( –1 ) =____ Let N be the
correct term
9 – 5 =____
14 – 9 =____
1. – 1, 5, 9, 14, 19, 24 19 – 14 =____
24 – 19 =____
d = ____
4 – 6 =____ Let N be the
correct term
2 – 4 =____
0 – 2 =____
2. 6, 4, 2, 0, –2, –6 –2 – 0 =____
–6 – ( –2 ) =____
d = ____
1 Let N be the
–1= correct term
2
2
1– =
3
2
5 2 1 –2=
3. 3, 2
, 2, 3
, 1, 2
, … 3
5
2– =
2
5
–3=
2

d=

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region III
Schools Division of Zambales
District of Iba
JESUS F. MAGSAYSAY HIGH SCHOOL
Bangantalinga, Iba, Zambales

LEARNER’S ANSWER SHEET

Mathematics 10
Lesson 2: Illustrating Arithmetic Sequences

Name:_________________________________________Date:_______________Score:___________
Grade 10 - _____________
Parent/Guardian Signature Over Printed Name:____________________________________
Activity 2
Cross out the term that is not belong to each sequence. Then, write the common
difference and the correct term on the space provided. Show your solutions.
Common
Incorrect Arithmetic Sequences Correct Term
Difference
5 – ( –1 ) =____ Let N be the
9 – 5 =____ correct term
14 – 9 =____
1. – 1, 5, 9, 14, 19, 24 19 – 14 =____
24 – 19 =____
d = ____
4 – 6 =____ Let N be the
2 – 4 =____ correct term
0 – 2 =____
2. 6, 4, 2, 0, –2, –6 –2 – 0 =____
–6 – ( –2 ) =____
d = ____
1 Let N be the
–1= correct term
2
2
1– =
3
2
5 2 1 –2=
3. 3, , 2, , 1, , … 3
5
2 3 2 2– =
2
5
–3=
2

d=