Logarithms
Uploaded by
Abid YusufLogarithms
Uploaded by
Abid YusufLOGARITHMS
INTRODUCTION
IMPORTANT TERMS
Question: 01
If log 27 = 1.431, then the value of log 9 is ___________.
A. 0.934
B. 0.945
C. 0.954
D. 0.958
Answer: C
Explanation: 01
Log 27=1.431
log (33 ) = 1.431
3 log 3 = 1.431
log 3 = 0.477
log 9 = log(32 ) = 2 log 3 = (2 x 0.477) = 0.954.
Question: 02
log6(216) + [ log(42) - log(6) ] / log(49)
A. 7/2
B. 1/2
C. 4/3
D. 2/3
Answer: A
Explanation: 02
log6(216) + [ log(42) - log(6) ] / log(49)
= log6(63) + log(42/6) / log(72)
= 3 + log(7) /2 log(7) = 3 + ½
= 7/2
Question: 03
Find the value of log2 2 + log2 22 + log2 23 + ........ + log2 2n.
A. n(n+1)/2
B. n+1
C. n
D. 2n
Answer: A
Explanation: 03
log2 2 + log2 22 + log2 23 + ........ + log2 2n
= log2 2 + 2log2 2 + 3log2 2 + ........ + nlog2 2
= 1+2+3+........+n
= n(n+1)/2
Question: 04
If log 2 = 0.301 and log 3 = 0.4771, find the number of digits in 4812?
A. 19
B. 20
C. 21
D. 24
Answer: C
Explanation: 04
We have log 4812 = 12 × log 48 = 12 × log (24 × 3)
= 12 × (4 log 2 + log 3)
= 12 × (4 × 0.301 + 0.4771)
= 12 × (1.204 + 0.4771)
= 12 × 1.6811 = 20.1732
Now the characteristic is 20, so the number of digits = 20 + 1 = 21.
Question: 05
Solve for ‘x:’ the equation is 2log2x – log2 (x – 2) = 3
A. 6
B. 4
C. 1
D. 2
Answer: B
Explanation: 05
We have 2log2x – log2 (x – 2) = 3
⇒ log2x2 – log2 (x – 2) = 3
⇒ log2(x2/x-2) = 3
⇒ log2(x2/x-2) = 23 = 8
⇒ x2 = 8(x-2)
⇒ x2 - 8x + 16 = 0
⇒ (x-4)2 = 0
⇒ x=4
Hence answer is option B
Question: 06
Log10 3+log10 (4x+1)=log10 (x+1)+1
A. 2/7
B. 7/2
C. 3/7
D. 7/3
Answer: B
Explanation: 06
log10 3+log10 (4x+1)=log10 (x+1)+1
Log10 3+log10 (4x+1)=log10 (x+1)+log10 (x+1)+log10 10
Log10 (3(4x+1))=log10 (10(x+1))
=3(4x+1)=10(x+1)=12x+3
=10x+10
=2x=7=x=7/2
Question: 07
If log10 2 = 0.3010, the value of log10 80 is _________.
A. 1.6020
B. 1.9030
C. 9030
D. None of these
Answer: B
Explanation: 07
log10 80 = log10 (8 *10)
= log10 8 + log10 10
= log10 (23 ) + 1
= 3 log10 2 + 1
= (3 x 0.3010) + 1
= 1.9030.
Question: 08
If log10 5 + log10 (5x + 1) = log10 (x + 5) + 1, then x is equal to:
A. 1
B. 3
C. 5
D. 10
Answer: B
Explanation: 08
log10 5 + log10 (5x + 1) = log10 (x + 5) + 1
log10 5 + log10 (5x + 1) = log10 (x + 5) + log10 10
log10 [5 (5x + 1)] = log10 [10(x + 5)]
5(5x + 1) = 10(x + 5)
5x + 1 = 2x + 10
3x = 9
x = 3.
Question: 09
If 22x+4 – 17 × 2x+1 = –4, then which of the following is true?
A. x is a positive value
B. x is a negative value
C. x can be either a positive value or a negative value
D. None of these
Answer: C
Explanation: 09
2x+4 – 17 * 2x+1 = – 4
2x+1 = y
22x+2 = y2
22(22x+2) – 17 * 2x+1 = –4
4y2 – 17y + 4 = 0
4y2 – 16y – y + y = 0
4y (y – 4) – 1 (y – 4) = 0
Y=4
2x+1
x + 1 = 2 or – 2
x = 1 or – 3
the answer is "x can be either a positive value or a negative value".
Question: 10
log3x + logx3 =17/4. Find X?
A. 34
B. 31/8
C. 31/4
D. 31/3
Answer: C
Explanation: 10
log3x + logx3 =17/4
Let y = log3x
We know that logx3 =1/log 3(x)
Thus the equation can be written as y + 1/y = 174
4y2 + 4 = 17y
4y2 + 4 - 17y = 0
y = 4 or ¼
log3x = 4
Then x = 34
If y = 1/4
log3x = 1/4
x = 31/4
Question: 11
If log x + log (x + 3) = 1 then the value(s) of x will be, the solution of the equation
A. x + x + 3 = 1
B. x + x + 3 = 10
C. x (x + 3) = 10
D. x (x + 3) = 1
Answer : C
Explanation: 11
taking log x= log10x
using the law of logs
Log A+log B=log AB
we have
Log x+log (x+3)=1
Log x(x+3)=1−−(1)
definition of logs
Log ab=c⇒ac=b
(1)→101=x(x+3)
∴x2+3x=10
x2+3x−10=0
factorising and solving
(x+5)(x−2)=0
⇒x=−5, or x=2
When solving with x=2 the equation becomes as option c
Question: 12
Find x if log x = log 1.5 + log 12
A. 18
B. 8
C. 15
D. 12
Answer: A
Explanation: 12
Question: 13
loga4 + loga16 + loga64 + loga256 = 10. Then a = __________.
A. 2
B. 4
C. 8
D. 5
Answer: B
Explanation: 13
log a (4+16+64+256) =10 log a 410 =10 then a=4
Question: 14
Log15 3375 × log 4 1024 = __________.
A. 1
B. 18
C. 4
D. 15
Answer: D
Explanation: 14
log 3375 × log 1024 = 3 log15 15 × 5 log4 4 = 3 × 5 = 15
15 4
Question: 15
If log 3 = 0.4771, find log (0.81) 2 × log (27/10)2/3 π log 9.
A. 2.689
B. -0.0552
C. 2.2402
D. 2.702
Answer: D
Explanation: 15
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