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Milk of Magnesia, USP Antacid Cathartic Magnesium Hydroxide, Rolaids, Magnesia Magma

Milk of Magnesia is an antacid and cathartic used to treat occasional constipation. It is an aqueous suspension containing 7-8.5% magnesium hydroxide. It is prepared by dissolving magnesium sulfate in water and reacting it with sodium hydroxide, then washing until sulfates are removed. The resulting product is an opaque, white liquid with a pH of 10 that is not easily pourable but can be redispersed with shaking. It requires storage in tight containers below 35°C to maintain physical stability.

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520 views3 pages

Milk of Magnesia, USP Antacid Cathartic Magnesium Hydroxide, Rolaids, Magnesia Magma

Milk of Magnesia is an antacid and cathartic used to treat occasional constipation. It is an aqueous suspension containing 7-8.5% magnesium hydroxide. It is prepared by dissolving magnesium sulfate in water and reacting it with sodium hydroxide, then washing until sulfates are removed. The resulting product is an opaque, white liquid with a pH of 10 that is not easily pourable but can be redispersed with shaking. It requires storage in tight containers below 35°C to maintain physical stability.

Uploaded by

Kate Mendoza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Milk of Magnesia aggregation of the solide, giving rise

to gel-like consistency.

Milk
Official Title Milk of Magnesia, USP
● Sometimes used for suspensions in aqueous vehicles intended for oral administration.
Category Antacid; Cathartic

Synonyms Magnesium Gels


hydroxide, Rolaids,
Magnesia Magma ● Semisolid systems consisting of either
suspensions made up of small
Uses Treat occasional inorganic particles or large organic
molecules in a liquid vehicle.
constipation; laxative
(osmotic type)
Lotions
Official Definition Milk of magnesia is ● Aqueous suspensions of solids
a preparation intended to be applied to the
containing 7% unbroken skin without friction.
to ● It may also be emulsions or solutions
8.5% magnesium
INGREDIENTS
hydroxide
REVIEW OF BASIC CONCEPTS

Suspension Ingredient Amount Uses

● A two-phase system consisting of Magnesium 300 g API


finely divided solid dispersed in a solid, Sulfate
liquid, or gas. In 10 mL → 3.0g
● Preparations containing finely divided
Sodium 100 g API
drug particles distributed somewhat uniformly
hydroxide
throughout a vehicle in which the drug exhibits
a minimum degree of solubility. In 10 mL → 1.0g
● Liquid preparations that consist of
Purified 1000 mL Dispersing
solid particles dispersed throughout a
water medium
liquid phase in which the particles
are not soluble.

Magmas PROCEDURE

● Aqueous suspensions of insoluble 1. Dissolve the MgSO in 6.50 mL of


inorganic drugs. purified water, ∆ to boil.
● Thick and viscous 2. Dissolve NaOH in 1 mL purified
water; add to boiling solution of
● They differ from gels in that the
suspended particle are larger MgSO (for 30 mins).
● Often used to describe suspensions 3. Wash with hot purified water 5–10x
of inorganic solids, where there is a until all the sulfates have practically
tendency for strong hydration and been eliminated (as shown by
testing the supernatant liquid with
BaCl2 TS)
4. Decant the excess liquid, package, and label.
REASONS FOR IMPORTANT STEPS

● Diluted solutions are used to endure a fine, flocculent, gelatinous


precipitate of Mg(OH)2.
● Hot diluted solutions are used to lessen sedimentation of the product on
standing.
● The washings are tested with BaCl2 TS to check if all the Na2SO4 has
been removed.
- BaCl2 will react with Na2SO4 to form BaSO4 precipitates.
● Milk formed is highly basic, making it bring about a reaction with glass
containers, and acquire a bitter taste. To prevent this, 0.1% citric acid
may be added.
● Flavoring oils not exceeding 0.05% may also be added to enhance
palatability.

TWO METHODS IN THE PREPARATION

● Reaction between Sodium Hydroxide and Magnesium Sulfate

MgSO4 + NaOH → Mg(OH) + Na2SO4

● Direct Hydration of Magnesium Oxide MgO + H2O → Mg(OH)2

FACTORS THAT AFFECT GEL FORMATION

● Temperature
● pH level
● Addition of agents
Official Title Milk of Magnesia,
USP
pH 10

Appearance Opaque, white liquid

Pourability Not easily pourable

Redispersibility Easily redispersed


upon shaking

Sedimentation Rate Fast

Packaging Preserve in tight


Requirement containers,
preferably at
temperature not
exceeding 35 C.

Avoid Freezing.

***Freezing results in
the dispersed phase
coarsening while
above 35ºC, the gel
structure is
decreased

Physical Stability No sedimentation,


No caking present
and No microbial
growth

Labelling Shake well before us

Container 15mL flint bottle

Cap Black screw cap


with cap liner

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